Isolation and Characterization of Articular Cartilage-Derived Cells Obtained by Arthroscopic Cartilage Biopsy from Non-Osteoarthritic Patients.

Cartilage-derived migratory cells show great potential for autologous use in cartilage repair surgery. However, their collection through arthroscopic biopsy has not been previously reported in individuals without osteoarthritis. This study aimed to characterize migratory cartilage cells isolated from arthroscopic biopsies of volunteers without osteoarthritis and compare them with cells obtained by enzymatic digestion.

TNF-Alpha Inhibitor Prevents Cigarette Smoke Extract-Induced Cell Death in Osteoarthritis-Derived Chondrocytes in Culture.

Smoking has been associated, among other factors, with musculoskeletal disorders. Although there is no consensus about the effects of smoking on osteoarthritis (OA), the increase in TNF-alpha in smokers has been considered an important factor in OA induction or progression. However, studies on the effects of smoking on chondrocytes are lacking.

Inframalleolar harvest of the peroneus longus tendon graft: Surgical technique.

Peroneus longus tendon (PLT) graft has recently gained visibility in the literature as a promising option for knee ligament reconstructions. The most used harvesting technique is performed with a single incision posterior to the lateral malleolus, with large series reporting tendon lengths enough to prepare a double or triple anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) graft, resulting in mean diameters greater than 8.0 mm.

Demographic characteristics and clinical-radiological correlation in patients with indications for Total Knee Arthroplasty: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: The objective of this study is to correlate clinical symptoms and functionality, using the KOOS (Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score) and KSS (Knee Society Score System) scores, with the radiographic changes, using the Kellgren-Lawrence classification, in patients with knee osteoarthritis and indications for Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA).

Methods: 120 patients (189 knees) with gonarthrosis and indications for TKA were included in the study. Demographic questionnaires were applied, and clinical and functional assessment was carried out using the KOOS and KSS scores.

Combined Anterior Cruciate Ligament and Anterolateral Ligament Reconstruction Using a Single Peroneus Longus Tendon Graft.

The peroneus longus tendon seems a viable graft option for knee ligament reconstructions, with adequate biomechanical properties and low morbidity after harvesting. The objective of this article is to describe a combined anterior cruciate ligament and anterolateral ligament reconstruction technique using a single peroneus longus tendon graft harvested from the infra malleolar region to ensure sufficient length.

Risk Factors for Symptomatic Cyclops Lesion Formation after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction.

 To evaluate the incidence of symptomatic cyclops lesions requiring surgical treatment after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction and to establish possible intraoperative risk factors related to it.  Three hundred and eighty-nine patients aged between 18 and 50 years who underwent primary ACL reconstruction were retrospectively evaluated. Patients were divided into groups according to the presence or absence of symptomatic cyclops lesions, and their characteristics were compared.

Patellar Tilt and Patellar Tendon-Trochlear Groove Angle Present the Optimum Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnostic Reliability for Patients With Patellar Instability.

Purpose: To describe, in controls and in a population with patellar instability, magnetic resonance imaging values of measurements representing major associated factors for patellar instability (patellar height, trochlear dysplasia, and extensor mechanism alignment), as well as their cutoff values.

Methods: In total, 323 knee magnetic resonance imaging scans, 142 with patellar instability and 181 controls without patellofemoral complaints (anterior cruciate, medial collateral ligament, meniscus ruptures or normal) were evaluated. Means, normality values in the control population, ideal cutoff values through receiver operating characteristic curves analysis, and interobserver reliability (intraclass correlation coefficient) were described for a series of measurements.

Medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in skeletally immature patients without correction of bony risk factors leads to acceptable outcomes but higher failure rates.

Objectives: To report outcomes and re-dislocation rates of medial patellar stabilizers reconstruction without bone procedures for correction of anatomical risk factors for patellar instability in skeletally immature patients; to compare isolated medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction to combined MPFL and medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL) reconstruction in this population.

Methods: Patients with open physis and bone abnormalities including patella alta and/or increased tibial tubercle-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance and/or trochlear dysplasia underwent MPFL reconstruction, either isolated or associated with MPTL reconstruction. Preoperative, 1-year follow-up and the latest follow-up (5 years minimum) data were collected.

Comparative study of superficial medial collateral ligament reconstruction combined with posterior oblique ligament reconstruction or posteromedial capsule advance in grade III injuries of the medial compartment in a complex knee injury scenario.

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the combined reconstruction of the superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) and the posterior oblique ligament (POL) with the reconstruction of the sMCL associated with the advancement of the posteromedial capsule in a complex knee injury scenario. We hypothesized that both techniques would present similar knee stability and failure rates.

Methods: This is a retrospective case-control study designed to compare the results of the two reported techniques for grade III MCL instability.

Magnetic resonance imaging overestimates patellar height compared with radiographs.

Purpose: To evaluate the inter-observer and inter-method reliability for patellar height measurements between conventional radiographs (CR) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using one or two slices.

Methods: This was a reliability study, with 60 patients divided in two groups: 30 patients with patellar instability (patella group) and 30 patients with anterior cruciate ligament or meniscus injury (control group). CR and MRI were evaluated by two independent observers.

Knee Hyperextension Greater Than 5° Is a Risk Factor for Failure in ACL Reconstruction Using Hamstring Graft.

Background: The degree of knee hyperextension in isolation has not been studied in detail as a risk factor that could lead to increased looseness or graft failure after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Purpose: To analyze whether more than 5° of passive knee hyperextension is associated with worse functional outcomes and greater risk of graft failure after primary ACL reconstruction with hamstring tendon autograft.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

The knee in congenital femoral deficiency and its implication in limb lengthening: a systematic review.

Congenital femoral deficiency (CFD) is a rare disorder with several limb anomalies including limb shortening and knee cruciate ligament dysplasia.Limb lengthening is usually performed to correct lower limb discrepancy. However, complications, such as knee subluxation/dislocation, can occur during this treatment.

LEVER SIGN TEST FOR CHRONIC ACL INJURY: A COMPARISON WITH LACHMAN AND ANTERIOR DRAWER TESTS.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the lever sign test in patients with and without chronic Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) injuries in an outpatient setting and the inter-examiner agreement of surgeons with different levels of experience.

Methods: 72 consecutive patients with a history of previous knee sprains were included. The Lachman, anterior drawer, and Lever Sign tests were performed for all subjects in a randomized order by three blinded raters with different levels of experience.

Degenerative Medial Meniscus Tear With a Displaced Flap Into the Meniscotibial Recess and Tibial Peripheral Reactive Bone Edema Presents Good Results With Arthroscopic Surgical Treatment.

Purpose: To report the arthroscopic treatment results of a degenerative medial meniscus tear with a displaced flap into the meniscotibial recess, tibial peripheral reactive bone edema, and focal knee medial pain. As a secondary objective, we propose to identify possible factors associated with a good or poor prognosis of the surgical treatment of this lesion.

Methods: From 2012 to 2018, patients who had this specific meniscus pathology and underwent arthroscopic surgical treatment were retrospectively evaluated.

High Incidence of Osteoarthritis Observed in Patients at Short- to Midterm Follow-Up after Delayed Multiligament Knee Reconstruction.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of knee osteoarthritis, failure rate of reconstruction, and clinical outcomes of patients with chronic multiligament knee injuries subjected to surgical treatment. Sixty-two patients with chronic knee dislocation subjected to multiligament reconstruction between April 2008 and July 2016 were evaluated, with a minimum follow-up of 24 months. Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were performed in the pre- and last postoperative evaluation; the progression of degenerative changes according to the Kellgren-Lawrence classification (KL) was assessed.

Outcomes After Isolated Acute Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Are Inferior in Patients With an Associated Anterolateral Ligament Injury.

Background: Isolated reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) does not reestablish the normal knee biomechanics in cases of associated injuries to the anterolateral structures. Studies evaluating the potential clinical effect of anterolateral ligament (ALL) injury on the treatment of ACL injuries are necessary to validate the findings of biomechanical studies.

Purpose: To evaluate the clinical outcomes and failure rate of ACL reconstruction in patients with and without ALL injury diagnosed using magnetic resonance imaging.

Anatomical Risk Factors for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Are Not Important As Patellar Instability Risk Factors in Patients with Acute Knee Injury.

To compare in magnetic resonance imaging the anatomical risk factors for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and patellar dislocation among patients who suffered acute knee injury, 105 patients with acute knee injury resulting in 38 patellar dislocations (patella group), 35 ACL injuries (ACL group), and 32 meniscus or medial collateral ligament injuries (control group) were included. These groups were compared for risk factors for patellar dislocation (patellar height, trochlear dysplasia, and quadriceps angle of action) and for ACL injury (intercondylar width, posterior inclination of tibial plateaus, and depth of the medial plateau). Univariate analysis found statistically significant differences ( < 0.

The use of negative-pressure wound therapy after total knee arthroplasty is effective for reducing complications and the need for reintervention.

Background: Wound healing complications are causal factors of prosthesis infection and poor postoperative evolution of patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Negative-pressure wound therapy (NPWT) can be an option to minimize these complications. The aim of this study is to compare the complications of patients undergoing TKA who used a portable NPWT device in the immediate postoperative period with those of a control group.

AUTOLOGOUS CHONDROCYTE IMPLANTATION IN BRAZIL.

Objective: To describe the first series of cases of autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) in collagen membrane performed in Brazil.

Methods: ACI was performed in 12 knees of 11 patients, aged 32.1 ± 10.

ASSESSMENT OF THE USE OF TRANEXAMIC ACID AFTER TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY.

Objective: To evaluate the profile of blood loss and blood transfusions after the introduction of Tranexamic acid (TXA) in a tertiary university hospital in Brazil.

Methods: 173 patients were retrospectively divided into two groups: the ones who received TXA and the control group. Hemoglobin levels (Hb), drain output, transfusion rates, and thromboembolic events were measured.

The Vastus Medialis Insertion Is More Proximal and Medial in Patients With Patellar Instability: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Case-Control Study.

Background: The anatomy and function of the quadriceps muscle play a role in patellofemoral stability. Few studies have evaluated anatomic differences in the vastus medialis between patients with and without patellar instability.

Purpose: To compare the anatomy of the vastus medialis using magnetic resonance imaging in patients with patellar instability to a control group.