Oxy-reductive C-N bond formation via pulsed electrolysis.

Co-electrolysis of CO with simple N-species is an appealing route to sustainable fabrication of C-N bond containing products. A prominent challenge in this direction is to promote the C-N coupling step in place of the established CO reduction pathways. This can be particularly difficult when relying on solution-based species (e.

Success of Strabismus Surgery in Intermittent Exotropia.

: Intermittent exotropia (IXT) is the most common form of childhood divergent strabismus. Surgery remains the primary approach to control ocular deviation and preserve binocular function. Although previous studies report a success rate of approximately 75%, factors influencing surgical outcomes remain insufficiently explored.

Attitudes and practices of physiotherapists towards goal-setting for stroke rehabilitation: A wide online survey.

Goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation is poorly understood. This study examined attitudes, practices, and factors related to goal-setting in stroke rehabilitation among Portuguese physiotherapists. An online cross-sectional exploratory survey was conducted, collecting data on sociodemographic and service profiles, patient-centeredness, attitudes and practices of goal-setting, using the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale, and Attitudes toward Goal-Setting and Practices toward Goal-Setting Scales.

Validation of Binocular Vision and Ocular Surface Assessment Tools in Digital Eye Strain Syndrome: The DESIROUS Study.

: To understand if binocular vision disorders are associated with Digital Eye Strain Syndrome (DESS), a study protocol is needed to ensure consistency across observational studies. This study aims to test the feasibility of a protocol to assess DESS, screen time, binocular vision, and dry eye. DESIROUS is an observational cross-sectional study among Polytechnic students at the Lisbon School of Health Technology, Portugal.

Sixth wave of global public health progress.

The "Sixth Wave of Global Public Health Progress" concept introduces a transformative approach to address contemporary health challenges by leveraging historical advancements and innovative strategies. This wave emphasizes the integration of data-driven decision-making, personalized public health, and technological innovations, such as artificial intelligence and digital tools, to enhance global health outcomes. By focusing on the connectedness of human, animal, and environmental health systems through the One Health approach, the framework aims to tackle critical threats like climate change, pandemics, and social inequities.

Effects of Maternal Vitamin D Levels on Prematurity: Feasibility Study in a Multicenter Observational Pilot.

Numerous studies have shown that hypovitaminosis D is linked to adverse maternal and infant health outcomes, such as intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, cholestasis, hypertension, and gestational diabetes, all of which are potential causes of prematurity. Recognizing the significance of this issue and its impact on maternal-infant health, the VitDTracking research project was designed and registered on 4 March 2024, in the ClinicalTrials.gov database (Identifier: NCT06292195).

Three Scales of Mental Health-Related Stigma: Additional Evidence on its Psychometric Properties in the Portuguese Population.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to provide additional evidence on the psychometric properties in the Portuguese population of three stigma scales: Mental Health Knowledge Schedule (MAKS), Scaling Community Attitudes Toward the Mentally Ill 12 (CAMI-12), and Reported and Intended Behaviour Scale (RIBS).

Methods: A total of 3556 participants were recruited and completed the three scales online. The study includes confirmatory factor analysis, internal consistency analysis, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, and known-groups validity tests.

Low Back Pain Disparities in Portugal: A Population-Based Study Analysing the Role of Social Determinants of Health.

Introduction: Despite growing research, the relationship between social determinants of health (SDoH) and low back pain (LBP) remains inconsistent. This study aimed to investigate the associations between SDoH and self-reported LBP in the Portuguese population in 2019 and explore potential differences between rural and urban areas.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional study that includes 13,230 participants from the 2019 Portuguese National Health Interview Survey.

Health-related quality of life after rehabilitation from knee surgery in rural and urban settings: a quasi-experimental study.

Background: Injury to the knee joint is associated with physical disability, stiffness, pain, restriction of movement and impairment of the person's quality of life, with a few treatment options, including surgery and rehabilitation. This study aims to evaluate the impact of a rehabilitation program on the quality of life reported by patients living in rural and urban areas after knee surgery, using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs).

Methods: This quasi-experimental study with two groups of participants undergoing primary knee surgery was carried out in two rehabilitation centers, one in an urban area and another in a rural one.

Evaluation of the bonding strength of conventional, anatomized, adjustable, and CAD/CAM milled fiberglass posts in weakened endodontically treated roots.

This study evaluated the bond strength (BS) of conventional, anatomized, adjustable, and CAD/CAM fiberglass post systems. Forty maxillary canine roots were weakened, endodontically treated, and divided into four groups (n=10). A slice from each of the three sections (cervical, middle, apical) of the root canal was subjected to the push-out test and the failure pattern was subsequently analyzed.

Association between omega-3 index and depersonalization among healthcare workers in a university hospital: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Burnout harms workers physical and mental health due to induced brain changes, autonomous nervous system and hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis excessive activation. Although several correlations and risk factors have been identified, the research around burnout biological correlates remains underdeveloped. The omega-3 index has been proposed in mental health as a contributor to identify high risk patients and monitor disease advancements but the evidence on its relationship with burnout is limited.

A scoping review on implementation processes and outcomes of models of care for low back pain in primary healthcare.

Background: To address the societal burden of low back pain (LBP), several health systems have adopted Models of Care (MoCs). These evidence-informed models aim for consistent care and outcomes. However, real-world applications vary, with each setting presenting unique challenges and nuances in the primary healthcare landscape.

Physical and Mental Components of Quality of Life after a Cardiac Rehabilitation Intervention: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

This study aimed to analyze the effect of cardiac rehabilitation programs on the health-related quality of life of patients after a coronary cardiac event using patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) for up to 6 months of evaluation. : A comprehensive search was carried out in the MEDLINE, CINAHL, CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases for randomized controlled trials comparing the cardiac rehabilitation program with usual care. Two independent reviewers assessed the studies for inclusion, risk of bias using the Cochrane tool, and quality of evidence through the GRADE system.

Individual risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during Alpha variant in high-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: This study aimed to systematically appraise risk factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in high-income countries during the period of predominance of the Alpha variant (January 2020 to April 2021).

Methods: Four electronic databases were used to search observational studies. Literature search, study screening, data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two authors independently.

Next-generation sequencing impact on cancer care: applications, challenges, and future directions.

Fundamentally precision oncology illustrates the path in which molecular profiling of tumors can illuminate their biological behavior, diversity, and likely outcomes by identifying distinct genetic mutations, protein levels, and other biomarkers that underpin cancer progression. Next-generation sequencing became an indispensable diagnostic tool for diagnosis and treatment guidance in current clinical practice. Nowadays, tissue analysis benefits from further support through methods like comprehensive genomic profiling and liquid biopsies.

Exploring barriers and facilitators to the adoption of regular exercise practice in patients at risk of a recurrence of low back pain (MyBack project): a qualitative study.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore potential barriers and facilitators to the adoption of regular exercise practice in patients at risk of a recurrence of low back pain (LBP).

Materials And Methods: Eleven patients, who recovered from a previous episode of LBP, participated in two focus groups. The semi-structured interview schedule was informed by the Behaviour Change Wheel and the Theoretical Domains Framework.

Safe Robust Adaptive Motion Control for Underactuated Marine Robots.

This article presents an innovative approach to the design of a safe adaptive backstepping control system. Tailored specifically for underactuated marine robots, the system utilizes simple sensors for enhanced practicality and efficiency. Given their operation in diverse oceanic environments fraught with various sources of uncertainties, ensuring the system's safe and robust behavior holds paramount importance in the control literature.

MyBack - effectiveness and implementation of a behavior change informed exercise programme to prevent low back pain recurrences: a hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomized controlled study protocol.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is a common health condition and the leading cause of years lived with disability worldwide. Most LBP episodes have a favourable prognosis, but recurrences within a year are common. Despite the individual and societal impact related to LBP recurrences, there is limited evidence on effective strategies for secondary prevention of LBP and successful implementation of intervention programmes in a real-world context.

International Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of Durvalumab in Stage III Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Importance: Standard of care for unresectable locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) involves definitive chemoradiotherapy followed by maintenance therapy with durvalumab. However, the cost of durvalumab has been cited as a barrier to its use in various health systems.

Objective: To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of durvalumab vs placebo as maintenance therapy in patients with unresectable stage III NSCLC from 4 international payer perspectives (US, Brazil, Singapore, and Spain).

Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as biomarkers to prognosticate survival in advanced gastric cancer patients in the era of immunotherapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Gastric cancer (GC) remains an important global health concern with limited treatment options for advanced cases. Immunotherapy has shown promising results, but identifying predictive biomarkers for treatment efficacy is challenging. Novel inflammatory markers, such as the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), derived from complete blood count measurements, have gained attention as potential prognostic indicators.

Disrupting abnormal neuronal oscillations with adaptive delayed feedback control.

Closed-loop neuronal stimulation has a strong therapeutic potential for neurological disorders such as Parkinson's disease. However, at the moment, standard stimulation protocols rely on continuous open-loop stimulation and the design of adaptive controllers is an active field of research. Delayed feedback control (DFC), a popular method used to control chaotic systems, has been proposed as a closed-loop technique for desynchronisation of neuronal populations but, so far, was only tested in computational studies.