Correction: Attachment, behavior problems and interventions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/frcha.2023.

Daily Parental Responses To Disruptive Child Behavior: A Multilevel Latent Profile Analysis.

The goal of the present study was to identify patterns of daily disruptive child behavior and parental responses to this behavior, as well as investigate the occurrence of these patterns over 14 days. We examined daily parental reports on disruptive child behavior, harsh parental responses, and giving in to children's demands from 156 families (M = 5.88; 47% girls) collected over 14 days (2,067 assessments).

Each unhappy family is unhappy in its own way - a call for clearer conceptualization of adverse family factors in biosocial research on child and adolescent mental health problems.

Child and adolescent mental health problems stem from an interaction between biological and environmental factors. In the past decades, conceptualizations of genetic and neurobiological factors have become increasingly detailed. Development of our conceptualizations of environmental factors, in contrast, is lacking behind.

Research Review: Mechanisms of change and between-family differences in parenting interventions for children with ADHD - an individual participant data meta-analysis.

Background: Understanding the mechanisms of change and between-family differences in behavioural parenting interventions for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may help personalise interventions. Therefore, we examined whether improvements in parenting are associated with changes in child behaviour and functional outcomes, and how these associations vary based on parents' baseline parenting levels.

Methods: We collected individual participant data including 19 randomised controlled trials focusing on children with ADHD (n = 1,720).

Supporting parents to reduce children's anxiety: A meta-analysis of interventions and their theoretical components.

Parent-focused interventions hold promise for reducing child anxiety, but their content varies greatly, and little is known on the intervention content. We estimated the effects of parent-focused interventions on child anxiety and the most effective combinations of theoretical components. We searched PsycINFO, Medline, and Web of Science in October 2022 for randomized trials on parent-focused interventions to reduce children's anxiety.

Exploring family profiles in explaining heterogeneity in parenting program engagement and effectiveness.

Parenting programs have proven effective in reducing disruptive child behavior. However, not all families benefit equally, and, to date, we have little insight into who benefits more or less and why. One possible solution is to explore how different potential moderators cluster together in individual families and whether such family profiles predict who benefits more or less from these programs.

Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis: Individual Differences in Mediators of Parenting Program Effects on Disruptive Behavior.

Objective: Although parenting programs are the most widely used approach to reduce disruptive behavior in children, there is a notable lack of understanding of the exact changes in parenting that underlie their effects. Challenges include the frequent use of composite measures of parenting behavior and insufficient power to detect mediation effects and individual differences in these in individual trials.

Method: Individual participant data from 14 European randomized controlled trials of social learning-based parenting programs were pooled to examine which specific parenting behaviors best explain program effects.

Study Preregistration: Targeting Parental Risk Factors for Children's Anxiety: A Factorial Experiment With Three Intervention Components.

Anxiety is one of the most common mental health problems in childhood, and causes severe and persistent impairment in children's lives. Parents can play a key role in the development of children's anxiety symptoms; yet, the evidence of parent-focused interventions is relatively thin. This may be because little is known about what the optimal content of these interventions should be.

Effects of the incredible years parenting program on children's interpersonal conflict: An integrative data analysis.

Behavioral parenting programs, such as Incredible Years (IY), reduce conduct problems in children. However, conduct problems encompass many different behaviors, and little is known about the effects of parenting programs on specific aspects of children's conduct problems, such as children's relationships with others. The aim of this study was to examine, for the first time, the effects of the IY parenting program on children's levels of conflict with their parents, siblings, and peers.

Disruptive child behavior severity and parenting program session attendance: Individual participant data meta-analysis.

Objective: We tested if baseline disruptive child behavior problem severity predicts parental attendance at sessions of a parenting group program.

Method: We used a database of randomized trials of the Incredible Years parenting program in Europe and restricted the sample to participants randomized to the intervention arm. Using baseline Eyberg Child Behavior Inventory scores, we distinguished between trial-level problem severity and child-level problem severity, compared linear and quadratic functional forms at both levels, and considered cross-level interactions, all in a multilevel Poisson regression framework.

Incredible years parenting program buffers prospective association between parent-reported harsh parenting and epigenetic age deceleration in children with externalizing behavior.

Harsh parenting has been shown to increase the risk of physical and mental health problems in later life. To improve our understanding of these risks and how they can be mitigated, we investigated associations of harsh parenting with a clinically relevant biomarker, epigenetic age deviation (EAD), using data from a randomized-control trial of the Incredible Years (IY) parenting program. This study included 281 children aged 4-8 years who were screened for heightened externalizing behavior and whose parents were randomly allocated to either IY or care-as-usual (CAU).

Study Preregistration: Individual Participant Data Meta-Analysis: Individual Differences in Mediators of Parenting Program Effects on Disruptive Behavior.

Parenting programs are the most widely used strategy to prevent and reduce children's disruptive behavior, and yet we know very little about what exact changes in parenting behavior underlie program effects on disruptive child behavior. In fact, most studies have been unable to identify any mediators of parenting program effects. This is likely because, at least in part, individual trials tend to be underpowered to detect mediation effects, and are unable to take the known heterogeneity in program effects into account.

The short- and longer-term effects of brief behavioral parent training versus care as usual in children with behavioral difficulties: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The access to and uptake of evidence-based behavioral parent training for children with behavioral difficulties (i.e., oppositional, defiant, aggressive, hyperactive, impulsive, and inattentive behavior) are currently limited because of a scarcity of certified therapists and long waiting lists.

DNA methylation variation after a parenting program for child conduct problems: Findings from a randomized controlled trial.

This study investigated associations of the Incredible Years (IY) parenting program with children's DNA methylation. Participants were 289 Dutch children aged 3-9 years (75% European ancestry, 48% female) with above-average conduct problems. Saliva was collected 2.

Parental differential warmth, hostility, and sibling differences in internalizing and externalizing behavior problems: A meta-analysis.

Parental differential treatment (PDT) of siblings is associated with differences in children's behavioral adjustment. The current meta-analysis examined the extent to which associations between relative PDT and sibling differences in behavior problems differ by type of parenting behavior (i.e.

One research question, two meta-analyses, three conclusions: Commentary on "A systematic review with meta-analysis of Cognitive Bias Modification interventions for anger and aggression".

Recently two independent meta-analyses on the efficacy of Cognitive Bias Modification of Interpretation (CBM-I) to reduce aggressive behavior came to different conclusions: Ciesinski et al. (2023) concluded that "CBM demonstrates efficacy for the treatment of aggressive behavior" (Abstract), whereas our research team concluded that "findings show limited support for the efficacy of CBM-I to reduce aggressive behavior" (AlMoghrabi et al., 2023, Discussion).

Parenting and disruptive child behavior: A daily diary study during the COVID-19 pandemic.

We examined how mothers' daily parenting cognitions and behaviors implicated by different theoretical perspectives (i.e., relational, learning theory, and cognitive perspectives) associated in linear or nonlinear ways with disruptive child behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Implementation of Parenting Programs in Real-World Community Settings: A Scoping Review.

Implementing parenting programs in real-world community settings is fundamental to making effective programs widely available and consequently improving the lives of children and their families. Despite the literature acknowledging that the high-quality implementation of parenting programs is particularly challenging in real-world community settings, little is known about how the programs are implemented in these settings. This scoping review followed the methodological framework described by the Joanna Briggs Institute to map evidence on how evidence-based parenting programs have been implemented under real-world conditions.

Sustained improvements by behavioural parent training for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: A meta-analytic review of longer-term child and parental outcomes.

Background: Behavioural parent training is an evidence-based intervention for children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), but little is known about the extent to which initial benefits are maintained.

Aims: This meta-analytic review investigated longer-term (i.e.

Effects over time of parenting interventions to reduce physical and emotional violence against children: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Violence against children affects over one billion children globally. International organisations promote parenting interventions as a main strategy to reduce violence against children. Parenting interventions have therefore been implemented rapidly across the globe.

Using Daily Diary Assessments to Better Understand the Role of Parental Consistency in the Development of Externalizing Child Behavior.

Consistent discipline is thought to reduce early child externalizing behavior. It is unclear, however, whether consistency is important mainly within episodes of misbehavior (e.g.

Editorial: How Online Treatment Research Can Enrich Child and Adolescent Psychiatry.

Evidence is accumulating that treatment for psychiatric problems can in some cases be effectively delivered online. Online treatment does not necessarily imply less therapist support (eg, treatment can be delivered through video call), but most online treatments are at least in part self-directed. Research on online treatment therefore not only answers to calls from policy makers and clinical practice about when online treatment can safely replace or outperform in-person treatment, but also challenges assumptions on hypothesized key therapeutic principles (eg, essential common elements) and can discover new therapeutic principles.