PSMA-Directed Theranostics in Prostate Cancer.

Following lung cancer, prostate cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in men. High-risk localized tumor burden or metastatic disease often progresses, refractory to initial treatment regimens. There is ongoing development of technology to appropriately identify high-risk patients, stage them correctly, and offer appropriate treatments to obtain the best clinical outcomes.

Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Treated with Enfortumab Vedotin and Pembrolizumab: A Path to Cure?

The combination of enfortumab vedotin and pembrolizumab (EVP) has recently revolutionized care for patients with previously untreated locally advanced and metastatic urothelial carcinoma. However, predictive biomarkers of response, the optimal duration of EVP for patients who respond well to therapy, and the role of circulating tumor DNA to monitor treatment response have not yet been fully elucidated. In this molecular tumor board, we summarize six patients from five different academic institutions with unresectable or oligometastatic urothelial carcinoma who achieved long-term remission on surveillance after a short duration of EVP treatment that resulted in complete response on follow-up imaging followed by consolidative radical cystectomy.

Early menarche and childbirth accelerate aging-related outcomes and age-related diseases: Evidence for antagonistic pleiotropy in humans.

Background: Aging can be understood as a consequence of the declining force of natural selection with age. Consistent with this, the antagonistic pleiotropy theory of aging proposes that aging arises from trade-offs that favor early growth and reproduction. However, evidence supporting antagonistic pleiotropy in humans remains limited.

Cellular Senescence Mediates Doxorubicin Chemotherapy-Induced Aortic Stiffening: Role of Glycation Stress.

Background: Mechanisms underlying doxorubicin chemotherapy-induced aortic stiffening are incompletely understood.

Objectives: To determine the role of cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in mediating doxorubicin-induced aortic stiffening and the influence of senolytic therapy.

Methods: Aortic stiffness (aortic pulse wave velocity) and associated mechanisms were assessed in young adult p16-3MR mice, a model that allows for genetic-based clearance of senescent cells with ganciclovir.

Cellular Senescence Mediates Doxorubicin Chemotherapy-Induced Aortic Stiffening: Role of Glycation Stress.

Background: Mechanisms underlying Doxorubicin (Doxo) chemotherapy-induced aortic stiffening are incompletely understood.

Objectives: Determine the role of cellular senescence and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) in mediating Doxo-induced aortic stiffening and the influence of senolytic therapy.

Methods: Aortic stiffness (aortic pulse-wave velocity [PWV]), and associated mechanisms were assessed in young adult p16-3MR mice, a model that allows for genetic-based clearance of senescent cells with ganciclovir [GCV].

Urine Tumor DNA to Stratify the Risk of Recurrence in Patients Treated with Atezolizumab for Bacillus Calmette-Guérin-unresponsive Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer.

As new treatments for bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-unresponsive non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) emerge, better methods are needed to guide therapeutic decisions. This study analyzed urine tumor DNA (utDNA) from patients treated with atezolizumab in the SWOG S1605 trial to determine whether utDNA profiling can stratify the risk of treatment failure. Urine samples were analyzed using the UroAmp assay at baseline and 3 mo from 89 and 77 patients, respectively.

Prevalence of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Mapping Across Different Indian Populations (MAP Study).

Introduction: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a growing global health concern. MASLD is strongly linked to obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and metabolic syndrome. In India, the prevalence of MASLD exhibits regional variations because of genetic, dietary, and socioeconomic factors.

Olanzapine for Managing Side Effects From Antiangiogenic Tyrosine-Kinase Inhibitors.

Context: Side effects from tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are common and burdensome. Olanzapine is useful for managing symptoms from conventional chemotherapy, but its role in treating TKI-related side effects is unclear.

Objectives: Examine the efficacy of olanzapine for TKI-induced nausea, vomiting, anorexia, weight loss, and insomnia.

Systemic treatment options for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer: A living systematic review.

Background: Optimal treatment selection for metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) remains challenging due to evolving standards of care in castration sensitive setting.

Purpose: To synthesize and appraise evidence on systemic therapy for mCRPC patients stratified by prior therapy and alterations informing a clinical practice guideline.

Data Sources: MEDLINE and EMBASE (inception to 5 March 2025) using living search.

Current State of Bladder Preservation in High Grade Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer and Localized Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer.

Purpose Of Review: In recent years, new, effective bladder sparing techniques have emerged as favorable options for patients with BCG-unresponsive high-grade non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and localized muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), leading to a paradigm shift from the traditional radical cystectomy in clinical practice. Our aim is to examine the evolution of these techniques, summarize the current evidence, and shed light on the future of these treatment options.

Recent Findings: Bladder preservation techniques offer a patient-centered approach while also demonstrating non-inferiority to radical cystectomy in terms of survival outcomes for both NMIBC and MIBC patients.

Lines of Therapy for Locally Advanced/Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma: The New Paradigm.

Urothelial carcinoma (UC) is the most common malignancy of the urinary tract, with urothelial bladder cancer accounting for approximately 90% of cases. Metastatic UC (mUC) is a particularly aggressive subset that presents significant treatment challenges, especially in patients who are often older than 70 years and have multiple comorbidities. For several decades, cisplatin-based chemotherapy has been the standard first-line treatment for locally advanced (LA) mUC.

Advancements and challenges in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines.

Advancements in personalized neoantigen-based cancer vaccines are ushering in a new era in oncology, targeting unique genetic alterations within tumors to enhance treatment precision and efficacy. Neoantigens, specific to cancer cells and absent in normal tissues, are at the heart of these vaccines, promising to direct the immune system specifically against the tumor, thereby maximizing therapeutic efficacy while minimizing side effects. The identification of neoantigens through genomic and proteomic technologies is central to developing these vaccines, allowing for the precise mapping of a tumor's mutational landscape.

Rapid and relaying deleterious effects of a gastrointestinal pathogen, , on bone, an extra-intestinal organ.

Enteropathogenic infections cause pathophysiological changes in the host but their effects beyond the gastrointestinal tract are undefined. Here, using infection in mouse, which mimics human diarrheal enteropathogenic , we show that gastrointestinal infection negatively affects bone remodeling, leading to compromised bone architecture. Transmission of infection through fecal-oral route from -infected to non-infected mice caused bone loss in non-infected cage mates.

COSMIC-021 Phase Ib Study of Cabozantinib Plus Atezolizumab: Results from the Locally Advanced or Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Cohorts.

Purpose: The COSMIC-021 study assessed the safety and efficacy of cabozantinib plus atezolizumab in advanced solid tumors. Presented here are results from the expansion cohorts with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC).

Methods: This phase Ib study (ClinicalTrials.

Heterogeneity of the Treatment Effect with PARP Inhibitors in Metastatic Castration-resistant Prostate Cancer: A Living Interactive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Selection of patients harboring mutations in homologous recombination repair (HRR) genes for treatment with a PARP inhibitor (PARPi) is challenging in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). To gain further insight, we quantitatively assessed the differential efficacy of PARPi therapy among patients with mCRPC and different HRR gene mutations.

Methods: This living meta-analysis (LMA) was conducted using the Living Interactive Evidence synthesis framework.

Methylglyoxal-induced glycation stress promotes aortic stiffening: Putative mechanistic roles of oxidative stress and cellular senescence.

Background: Here, we assessed the role of the advanced glycation end-product (AGE) precursor methylglyoxal (MGO) and its non-crosslinking AGE MGO-derived hydroimidazolone (MGH)-1 in aortic stiffening and explored the potential of a glycation stress-lowering compound (Gly-Low) to mitigate these effects.

Methods: Young (3-6 month) C57BL/6 mice were supplemented with MGO (in water) and Gly-Low (in chow). Aortic stiffness was assessed in vivo via pulse wave velocity (PWV) and ex vivo through elastic modulus.

Growth Hormone Excess Drives Liver Aging via increased Glycation stress.

Unlabelled: Growth hormone (GH) plays a crucial role in various physiological functions, with its secretion tightly regulated by complex endocrine mechanisms. Pathological conditions such as acromegaly or pituitary tumors result in elevated circulating GH levels, which have been implicated in a spectrum of metabolic disorders, potentially by regulating liver metabolism. In this study, we focused on the liver, a key organ in metabolic regulation and a primary target of GH, to investigate the impact of high circulating GH on liver metabolism.

Effects of Arthroscopic Surgery and Non-Surgical Therapy on Hip Contact Forces in Femoroacetabular Impingement Syndrome.

Introduction: We compared the 12-month effects of arthroscopic surgery and physiotherapist-led care for femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) syndrome on the time-varying magnitude of hip contact force and muscle contributions to hip contact force during walking.

Methods: Secondary analysis was performed on 37 individuals with FAI syndrome who received biomechanical assessment before and 12 months after either arthroscopic surgery (n = 17) or physiotherapist-led care (personalized hip therapy [PHT]) (n = 20). At both time points, three-dimensional whole-body motions, ground reaction forces, and surface electromyograms (n = 14) were acquired during overground walking.

Eligibility and Endpoints for Clinical Trials in Trimodality Therapy for Bladder Cancer.

Background: Trimodality therapy (TMT) is a viable option for muscle-invasive localized bladder cancer, providing an alternative to radical cystectomy in properly selected patients. The approval of novel therapeutics in different stages of bladder cancer treatment has sparked interest in exploring concurrent systemic therapies with radiation in clinical trials to enhance long-term outcomes. Achieving uniformity in trial eligibility criteria and endpoint definitions is imperative in describing clinical significance, comparing trials, and changing standard of care guidelines.

Murine typhus: an underappreciated influence on human disease transmission dynamics.

Murine typhus, a vector-borne illness transmitted by fleas and caused by , presents significant public health challenges globally. Despite its impact, it often remains underrecognized in health systems. This disease is characterized by non-specific symptoms such as fever, rash, and severe complications in cases involving neurological or multi-organ involvement.

Urgent need for enhanced food safety protocols in fast-food supply chains: lessons from the recent multi-state outbreak.

Recent events, including a multi-state outbreak linked to McDonald's, have exposed significant vulnerabilities within fast-food supply chains. These incidents highlight complex issues of traceability and accountability, exacerbated by the high demands of fast-food operations which can compromise safety protocols. This paper discusses potential solutions such as advanced tracking technologies, uniform safety standards, and enhanced inspections to improve food safety.

Crystalline engineering of FAPbI pyrrolidinium ionic liquid for stable perovskite solar cells with 21.72% efficiency.

Improving the crystallinity of formamidinium triiodide (FAPbI) perovskite layer is one of the most effective approaches to increase the photovoltaic performance and stability of FAPbI-based solar cells (FSCs). In the current study, FAPbI layers were fabricated through a sequential deposition method. The morphology and crystalline properties of the FAPbI layers were modified by controlling the lead iodide (PbI) precursor by adding pyrrolidinium (Pyr) material into the PbI layer and modulating the FAPbI crystallization.

The silent spread: why we need increased awareness of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever.

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) presents significant global health challenges, highlighted by its sporadic nature and high fatality rates. The manuscript emphasizes the disease's tendency to be under-recognized and the diagnostic challenges it poses, often mimicking other illnesses and leading to frequent misdiagnosis. There is a noted absence of robust diagnostic tools, specific treatments, or vaccines, leaving only supportive care generally available.

The resurgence of monkeypox: Epidemiology, clinical features, and public health implications in the post-smallpox eradication era.

The recent global resurgence of Mpox (formerly monkeypox), primarily transmitted via close contact and respiratory droplets, highlights a significant shift in its epidemiology, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). This resurgence underscores the need for robust public health responses and improved surveillance. This comprehensive review of current literature focuses on recent outbreaks, virology, and available treatments.