Plasma exosomal miR-150-3p, , and as predictive biomarkers of acute tumor response in patients with cervical cancer undergoing chemoradiotherapy.

Locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) is primarily treated with weekly cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT); however, predicting acute tumor response remains challenging. This study aimed to identify plasma exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) that could predict rapid tumor regression in patients with LACC undergoing CCRT. Overall, 41 patients with stage IB-IVB cervical cancer were included.

Average log change rate of pretreatment squamous cell carcinoma antigen after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in stage IIIC1 cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

We aimed to determine whether pretreatment squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC-Ag) levels and the average logarithmic change in SCC-Ag levels ( ) after concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) could predict treatment outcomes in patients with stage IIIC1 cervical squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). We analyzed 168 patients with stage IIIC1 cervical SCC who underwent primary CCRT and collected data on age, local extension, treatment details, hematological parameters, and tumor markers such as SCC-Ag and carcinoembryonic antigen 21-1 (Cyfra). Predictive performances of pretreatment SCC-Ag levels and were assessed using receiver operating characteristic curves.

Post-Radiotherapy Exosomal Non-Coding RNA and Hemograms for Early Death Prediction in Patients with Cervical Cancer.

Concurrent chemo-radiotherapy (CCRT) is linked with accelerated disease progression and early death (ED) in various cancers. This study aimed to assess the association of plasma levels of exosomal non-coding ribonucleic acid (RNA) (ncRNA) and blood cell dynamics with ED prediction in patients with cervical cancer undergoing CCRT. Using propensity score matching, a comparison of complete blood counts (CBCs) was performed among 370 CCRT-treated patients.

Assessment of deep learning-based auto-contouring on interobserver consistency in target volume and organs-at-risk delineation for breast cancer: Implications for RTQA program in a multi-institutional study.

Purpose: To quantify interobserver variation (IOV) in target volume and organs-at-risk (OAR) contouring across 31 institutions in breast cancer cases and to explore the clinical utility of deep learning (DL)-based auto-contouring in reducing potential IOV.

Methods And Materials: In phase 1, two breast cancer cases were randomly selected and distributed to multiple institutions for contouring six clinical target volumes (CTVs) and eight OAR. In Phase 2, auto-contour sets were generated using a previously published DL Breast segmentation model and were made available for all participants.

Exponential Slope from Absolute Lymphocyte Counts during Radio-Chemotherapy Can Predict an Aggressive Course of Cervical Cancer.

This study aimed to investigate whether the exponential slope α from absolute lymphocyte counts during concurrent radio−chemotherapy (CRT) is associated with aggressive and non-aggressive courses of cervical cancer. We analyzed 362 patients with stage IB−IVB cervical cancer treated with CRT in two groups: 323 patients without mRNA data (cohort 1) and 39 with mRNA data (cohort 2) from plasma exosomes. We calculated the α of each patient; 69 patients who died of cancer in cohort 1 were divided into 44 who died within 30 months (aggressive group), and 25 who died after more than 30 months (non-aggressive group).

Screening Plasma Exosomal RNAs as Diagnostic Markers for Cervical Cancer: An Analysis of Patients Who Underwent Primary Chemoradiotherapy.

This preliminary study aimed to screen non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) from plasma exosomes as a new method for cervical cancer diagnosis. Differentially expressed RNAs were initially selected from among a group of 12 healthy individuals (normal group) and a pretreatment group of 30 patients with cervical cancer (cancer group). Then, we analyzed the association between an ncRNA-mRNA network and cancer using ingenuity pathway analysis after secondary selection according to the number and correlation of mRNAs (or ncRNAs) relative to changes in the expression of primarily selected ncRNAs (or mRNAs) before and after chemoradiotherapy.

Development of Population-Based Cancer Indicators and a Measurement of Cancer Care Continuum Using a Modified Delphi Method.

To identify population-based cancer indicators and construct monitoring systems for the entire lifecycle of cancer patients using a modified Delphi method. A modified Delphi method was used to identify the cancer indicators and measurement by scoping review and gray literature. The final list of cancer indicators was developed by consensus of 11 multidisciplinary experts over multiple rounds and rating scored the importance of each indicator on a 10-point scale.

What Is High-risk Breast Cancer With Pathologically Negative Lymph Nodes for Regional Recurrence?

Purpose: This study aimed to identify high-risk factors for regional recurrence in patients with breast cancer with pathologically negative lymph nodes.

Methods And Materials: We retrospectively analyzed 3800 patients with stage pT1-pT3 breast cancer and pathologically negative lymph nodes between 2004 and 2012. All patients underwent upfront surgery with curative intent.

Impact of Body Mass Index on Local Recurrence according to Intrinsic Subtype Approximation in Korean Women with Early Stage Invasive Breast Cancer Receiving Contemporary Treatments.

We investigated the prognostic impact of body mass index (BMI) on local recurrence (LR) according to intrinsic subtype in Korean women with early stage, invasive breast cancer. We included 907 patients with pathological stage T1-2 and N0-1 breast cancer who underwent curative surgery between 2007 and 2012. Systemic treatments were administered in 876 patients (96.

Plasma Exosomal miRNA Levels after Radiotherapy Are Associated with Early Progression and Metastasis of Cervical Cancer: A Pilot Study.

Plasma exosomal miRNAs are key regulators of cell-cell interactions associated with several biological functions in patients with cancer. This pilot study aimed to investigate the log fold change (logFC) of the expression of exosomal miRNAs and related mRNAs in the blood of patients with cervical cancer to identify prognostic markers better than those currently available. We sequenced plasma exosomal RNA from 56 blood samples collected from 28 patients with cervical cancer, who had been treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT).

Comparison of Dose Distribution in Regional Lymph Nodes in Whole-Breast Radiotherapy vs. Whole-Breast Plus Regional Lymph Node Irradiation: An In Silico Planning Study in Participating Institutions of the Phase III Randomized Trial (KROG 1701).

The purpose of the current in silico planning study is to compare radiation doses of whole-breast irradiation (WBI) and whole-breast plus regional lymph node irradiation (WBI+RNI) administered to the regional lymph nodes (RLN) in pN1 breast cancer. Twenty-four participating institutions were asked to create plans of WBI and WBI+RNI for two dummy cases. To compare target coverage between the participants, an isodose line equal to 90% of the prescribed dose was converted to an isodose contour (contour) The relative nodal dose (RND) was obtained using the ratio of RLN dose to the target dose.

Lymphopenia as a Potential Predictor of Ipsilateral Breast Tumor Recurrence in Early Breast Cancer.

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the association between lymphopenia after breast conserving therapy (BCT) and ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence (IBTR) in early breast cancer (EBC).

Patients And Methods: We examined 216 EBC patients treated with partial mastectomy followed by radiotherapy (RT), none of whom received chemotherapy. Absolute lymphocyte counts (ALCs) during the two years after RT were collected from each patient: pretreatment ALC, ALC at 3-5 months (ALC1), ALC at 9-11 months, ALC at 15-17 months, and ALC at 21-23 months.

Management for locally advanced cervical cancer: new trends and controversial issues.

This article reviewed new trends and controversial issues, including the intensification of chemotherapy and recent brachytherapy (BT) advances, and also reviewed recent consensuses from different societies on the management of locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Intensive chemotherapy during and after radiation therapy (RT) was not recommended as a standard treatment due to severe toxicities reported by several studies. The use of positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET-CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for pelvic RT planning has increased the clinical utilization of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) for the evaluation of pelvic lymph node metastasis and pelvic bone marrow.

Validation of a novel molecular RPA classification in glioblastoma (GBM-molRPA) treated with chemoradiation: A multi-institutional collaborative study.

Background And Purpose: A novel molecular recursive partitioning analysis classification has recently been reported integrating the MGMT promoter methylation (MGMTmeth) and IDH1 mutation (IDH1mut) status for glioblastoma (GBM-molRPA) patients treated with temozolomide-based chemoradiation. The current study was initiated to validate the model in a multi-institutional study.

Materials And Methods: Four-hundred seventy-one newly diagnosed GBM patients (validation cohort) were allocated to classes I-III of the previously reported GBM-molRPA model.

Absolute Lymphocyte Count in Preoperative Chemoradiotherapy for Rectal Cancer: Changes Over Time and Prognostic Significance.

We analyzed the changes in absolute lymphocyte count and its changes over time in 139 patients treated with preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer. The baseline absolute lymphocyte count was defined as the median of absolute lymphocyte count levels measured during 30 days before preoperative chemoradiotherapy. Absolute lymphocyte count at 1 month, 0.

Prognostic implication of FEV1/FVC ratio for limited-stage small cell lung cancer.

Background: A proportion of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may progress rapidly to small cell lung cancer (SCLC). As the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1)/forced volume vital capacity (FVC) ratio is usually impaired in patients with COPD, and given that the FEV1 and FVC are not necessarily related to lung cancer development, we performed this study to test our hypothesis that the FEV1/FVC ratio predicts survival of patients with limited-stage (LS)-SCLC.

Methods: We assessed 74 patients with LS-SCLC treated with chemoradiotherapy.

Lung dose and the potential risk of death in postoperative radiation therapy for non-small cell lung cancer: A study using the method of stratified grouping.

Purpose: Postoperative radiation therapy may have a detrimental effect on survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. We investigated the association of the lung radiation dose with the risk of death in patients treated with postoperative radiation therapy.

Methods: We analyzed 178 patients with non-small cell lung cancer who received postoperative radiation therapy.

Prognostic implication of simultaneous anemia and lymphopenia during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Radioresistance often leads to poor survival in concurrent chemoradiotherapy-treated cervical squamous cell carcinoma, and reliable biomarkers can improve prognosis. We compared the prognostic potential of hemoglobin, absolute neutrophil count, and absolute lymphocyte count with that of squamous cell carcinoma antigen in concurrent chemoradiotherapy-treated squamous cell carcinoma. We analyzed 152 patients with concurrent chemoradiotherapy and high-dose-rate intracavitary brachytherapy-treated cervical squamous cell carcinoma.

Diagnostic evaluation of simulation CT images for adjuvant radiotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this study is to review simulation CT scans and evaluate their diagnostic value in patients treated with adjuvant radiotherapy for pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

Methods: 73 patients who had undergone simulation CT scans for adjuvant radiotherapy in pancreatic adenocarcinoma were reviewed. All simulation CT scans were reviewed by professional abdominal radiologists, who compared the images with corresponding prior CT scans to identify new lesions.

Hematological parameters during concurrent chemoradiotherapy as potential prognosticators in patients with stage IIB cervical cancer.

We hypothesized that hemoglobin levels, absolute neutrophil count, and absolute lymphocyte count were associated with radiotherapy response and cancer progression and that they might reflect tumor repopulation during concurrent chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to investigate these hematological parameters as prognosticators of cervical cancer. We analyzed 105 stage IIB cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, using log-rank tests and multivariate analyses.

Clinical Impact of Escalating Relative High-dose-rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy Dose in Stage IIB Cervical Cancer.

Background/aim: To investigate whether high-dose-rate (HDR) intracavitary brachytherapy (IBT) dose ratios can predict treatment outcomes in patients with stage IIB cervical cancer.

Patients And Methods: Ninety-three patients treated with weekly cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy and HDR IBT were analyzed. Potential prognostic factors and treatment outcomes were compared between low-HDR-IBT-ratio (≤0.

Comparison of concurrent chemoradiotherapy versus sequential radiochemotherapy in patients with completely resected non-small cell lung cancer.

Purpose: Our institution has implemented two different adjuvant protocols in treating patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): chemotherapy followed by concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CT-CCRT) and sequential postoperative radiotherapy (PORT) followed by postoperative chemotherapy (POCT). We aimed to compare the clinical outcomes between the two adjuvant protocols.

Materials And Methods: From March 1997 to October 2012, 68 patients were treated with CT-CCRT (n = 25) and sequential PORT followed by POCT (RT-CT; n = 43).