Maternal Overt Hypothyroidism and Pregnancy Complications: Insights from a Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study.

: Overt hypothyroidism during pregnancy has been linked to adverse outcomes, including preterm birth, low birth weight, and impaired fetal neurocognitive development. This study aimed to evaluate pregnancy complications in women with overt hypothyroidism (TSH ≥ 10) through a cross-sectional study. : Data from 259,897 live-birth pregnancies (2013-2022) from Clalit Health Services (CHS) were analyzed.

Regionalization of Hip Fracture Care in Five High-Income Countries.

Objective: To describe differences in regionalization of hip fracture care and the volume-outcome relationship in five countries.

Study Setting And Design: We conducted a population-based cross-sectional cohort study in Canada, Israel, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and the United States. Within each country, we stratified patients into quintiles based upon the volume of hip fractures in the hospital where they were treated.

Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors, Erythrocytosis, and Thrombosis in Adults With Type 2 Diabetes.

Importance: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are widely used and have been shown to induce erythrocytosis. However, the clinical implications of this phenomenon, particularly its association with venous and arterial thrombotic events, remain uncertain.

Objective: To assess the extent, temporal course, and thrombotic complications of SGLT2i-induced erythrocytosis.

Kidney outcomes of systemic lupus erythematosus patients treated with SGLT2 inhibitors: A national cohort study.

Objectives: To evaluate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) over time in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).

Methods: This was a retrospective real-world analysis using the Clalit Health Services SLE registry (CHS-SLE registry), a national cohort of 4354 SLE patients. We conducted a two-step propensity-score matching analysis of SLE patients who initiated SGLT2 inhibitors between 2015 and 2022.

Association between prediabetes, frailty, and cardiovascular outcomes in the oldest old: A retrospective nationwide cohort study.

Aims: To investigate the association between prediabetes, frailty, and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF), and all-cause mortality in the oldest old.

Methods: A nationwide retrospective cohort study of individuals aged 80+ classified as prediabetic (HbA1c 5.7%-6.

C-Reactive Protein Is Associated with Severity in Hospitalized Children with Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis.

Background: Acute bronchiolitis, primarily caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), is the leading cause of hospitalization in young children. Despite international guidelines supporting clinical diagnosis, laboratory evaluations are often conducted with limited validity.

Objectives: To evaluate the association between C-reactive protein (CRP) serum levels on admission and disease severity in children hospitalized due to RSV bronchiolitis.

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Burden in Premature Infants: The Role of Season With and Without RSV Immunoprophylaxis in a Multicenter Study.

Objective: To compare the Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) hospitalization burden among 29-34 weeks gestational age (wGA) preterm infants between seasons with and without routine palivizumab prophylaxis, by utilizing the 2021 off-season RSV surge.

Methods: This multi-center retrospective study was conducted in 11 medical centers across Israel. We included infants > 1 year-old, with wGA data, hospitalized with RSV infection from November 2017-August 2021.

Parental smoking exposure increases pediatric adenotonsillectomy: a national population-based case-control study.

Unlabelled: To understand whether parental smoking influences adeno/tonsillectomy rates in their offspring. A population-based case-control study using data from Clalit Health Services. Israeli children aged 0-18 years who underwent adeno/tonsillectomy between 2003 and 2022 were 1:3 matched with same-age, sex, and ethnicity controls.

Comparative Analysis of First-Line Antihypertensive Treatment Classes.

Background: The best first-line monotherapy for hypertension remains uncertain, as current guidelines suggest that thiazides, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEis), angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), and calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are appropriate in the absence of specific comorbidities. We aimed to compare the outcomes of first-line antihypertensive classes in a real-life setting with a long follow-up period.

Methods: This nationwide retrospective new-user cohort study included patients insured by the largest health maintenance organization in Israel.

Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Defining Incidence, Risk Factors for Hospitalization, and Poor Outcomes, a Regional Cohort Study, 2016-2022.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of illness in adults, especially older adults and those with underlying conditions. This study aimed to assess the incidence of RSV hospitalizations in adults and identify risk factors for hospitalization and poor outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from two hospitals in southern Israel from 2016-2022.

Altered Expression of PDE4 Genes in Schizophrenia: Insights from a Brain and Blood Sample Meta-Analysis and iPSC-Derived Neurons.

Schizophrenia symptomatology includes negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. Several studies have linked schizophrenia with the PDE4 family of enzymes due to their genetic association and function in cognitive processes such as long-term potentiation. We conducted a systematic gene expression meta-analysis of four PDE4 genes (PDE4A-D) in 10 brain sample datasets (437 samples) and three blood sample datasets (300 samples).

Amiodarone and pulmonary toxicity in atrial fibrillation: a nationwide Israeli study.

Background And Aims: Amiodarone-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most severe adverse effect of amiodarone treatment. Most data on amiodarone-related ILD are derived from periods when amiodarone was given at higher doses than currently used.

Methods: A nationwide population-based study was conducted among patients with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) between 1 December 1999 and 31 December 31 2021.

Monocyte and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratios in hospitalized children with RSV bronchiolitis.

Objective: Acute bronchiolitis is the most common cause of hospitalization in young children. Data on monocyte-to-lymphocyte-ratio (MLR) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte-ratio (NLR) as biomarkers are limited. We aim to evaluate these ratios in children hospitalized with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and their value as biomarkers for severe clinical outcomes.

Variation in care for patients presenting with hip fracture in six high-income countries: A cross-sectional cohort study.

Background: Hip fractures are costly and common in older adults, but there is limited understanding of how treatment patterns and outcomes might differ between countries.

Methods: We performed a retrospective serial cross-sectional cohort study of adults aged ≥66 years hospitalized with hip fracture between 2011 and 2018 in the US, Canada, England, the Netherlands, Taiwan, and Israel using population-representative administrative data. We examined mortality, hip fracture treatment approaches (total hip arthroplasty [THA], hemiarthroplasty [HA], internal fixation [IF], and nonoperative), and health system performance measures, including hospital length of stay (LOS), 30-day readmission rates, and time-to-surgery.