Clinician Risk Tolerance and Rates of Admission From the Emergency Department for Medicare Patients.

Study Objective: To characterize the association between emergency department (ED) clinician risk tolerance and the decision to admit, a common and high-cost decision.

Methods: In this observational cohort study, data on 100% of traditional Medicare beneficiaries for all ED visits in Massachusetts from October 2015 through September 2020 were linked to surveys of clinician risk tolerance. We estimated a generalized mixed-effect linear regression model to assess the association between the risk scales, divided into tertiles, and the decision to admit.

Adult Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Defining Incidence, Risk Factors for Hospitalization, and Poor Outcomes, a Regional Cohort Study, 2016-2022.

Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a significant cause of illness in adults, especially older adults and those with underlying conditions. This study aimed to assess the incidence of RSV hospitalizations in adults and identify risk factors for hospitalization and poor outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using data from two hospitals in southern Israel from 2016-2022.

Development, Implementation, and Assessment of an Online Modular Telehealth Curriculum for Health Professions Students.

Purpose: Several national health profession organizations endorse or have developed competencies for telehealth, yet there is no standardized curriculum for teaching telehealth to health professions students. Additionally, implementing telehealth curricula is challenging due to limited curricular space and differing needs of various health profession programs. We describe the development, implementation, and pilot assessment of an online, modular telehealth curriculum for health professions students.

Comparison between diffuse and partial involvement of thoracic lymph nodes on the outcome of sarcoidosis patients.

Background And Aim: Sarcoidosis is a systemic disease of unknown etiology with diverse clinical manifestations. Disease may resolve spontaneously or require immunosuppression to control progression. Currently, there is no predictive model to direct treatment, and management is guided by symptoms and functional impairment.

Clinician Risk Tolerance and Rates of Admission From the Emergency Department.

Importance: Much remains unknown about the extent of and factors that influence clinician-level variation in rates of admission from the emergency department (ED). In particular, emergency clinician risk tolerance is a potentially important attribute, but it is not well defined in terms of its association with the decision to admit.

Objective: To further characterize this variation in rates of admission from the ED and to determine whether clinician risk attitudes are associated with the propensity to admit.

Altered Serum Alpha1-Antitrypsin Protease Inhibition before and after Clinical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Association with Risk for Non-Relapse Mortality.

α1-Antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase reactant not unsimilar to C-reactive protein (CRP), is a serine protease inhibitor that harbors tissue-protective and immunomodulatory attributes. Its concentrations appropriately increase during conditions of extensive tissue injury, and it induces immune tolerance, in part, by inhibiting the enzymatic activity of the inflammatory serine protease, proteinase 3 (PR3). Typically administered to patients with genetic AAT deficiency, AAT treatment was recently shown to improve outcomes in patients with steroid-refractory graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).

Correlation between kinetic and kinematic measures, clinical tests and subjective self-evaluation questionnaires of the affected upper limb in people after stroke.

Introduction: Assessment of stroke recovery should include multiple sources of information in order to obtain a complete understanding of the individual's rehabilitation progress. Self-evaluation questionnaires' scores do not always correspond to the scores of commonly used clinical evaluation tools. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between self-evaluation questionnaires, clinical tests, and kinematic and kinetic analyses of the affected upper limb after stroke, and to determine the correlation between these measures and self-reported general function 2-4 years after the stroke.

Corrigendum: Correlation between kinetic and kinematic measures, clinical tests and subjective self-evaluation questionnaires of the affected upper limb in people after stroke.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.

Amiodarone and pulmonary toxicity in atrial fibrillation: a nationwide Israeli study.

Background And Aims: Amiodarone-related interstitial lung disease (ILD) is the most severe adverse effect of amiodarone treatment. Most data on amiodarone-related ILD are derived from periods when amiodarone was given at higher doses than currently used.

Methods: A nationwide population-based study was conducted among patients with incident atrial fibrillation (AF) between 1 December 1999 and 31 December 31 2021.

A Comparison of Online Self-Training and Standard Bedside Training in Lung Ultrasonography for Medical Students.

Purpose: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly integrated into medical education. Traditionally taught at the bedside using a hands-on approach, POCUS is limited by cost, time, faculty availability, and access to POCUS resources. With the recent transition to digitalization in medical education, the authors compare lung POCUS performance and pathology identification among medical students to examine whether using an online, self-learning lung POCUS module is noninferior to traditional bedside, faculty-led lung POCUS training.

Correlates of protection for booster doses of the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine BNT162b2.

Vaccination, especially with multiple doses, provides substantial population-level protection against COVID-19, but emerging variants of concern (VOC) and waning immunity represent significant risks at the individual level. Here we identify correlates of protection (COP) in a multicenter prospective study following 607 healthy individuals who received three doses of the Pfizer-BNT162b2 vaccine approximately six months prior to enrollment. We compared 242 individuals who received a fourth dose to 365 who did not.

The Association between Varicella Vaccination and Herpes Zoster in Children: A Semi-National Retrospective Study.

Varicella vaccination in children has been performed worldwide in recent years. Despite established effectiveness, many countries still do not routinely vaccinate children against varicella, probably due to concerns about complications, such as herpes zoster infection. We aimed to compare the herpes zoster incidence in children before and after implementing the mandatory varicella vaccine in Israel in 2008.

Does training make a difference? Proficiency training in transfusion guidelines and its effect on red blood cell administration.

Background: Packed red blood cell (RBC) transfusion is a very common and frequently lifesaving therapeutic intervention, but a liberal transfusion policy may be associated with inferior patient outcomes. Various guidelines have been proposed to reduce the rate of unnecessary RBC transfusions. However, physicians' proficiency in such guidelines and the effect of training on RBC administration remain unknown.

Attitudes toward risk among emergency physicians and advanced practice clinicians in Massachusetts.

Objective: Risk aversion is a personality trait influential to decision making in medicine. Little is known about how emergency department (ED) clinicians differ in their attitudes toward risk taking.

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of practicing ED clinicians (physicians and advanced practice clinicians [APCs]) in Massachusetts using the following 4 existing validated scales: the Risk-Taking Scale (RTS), Stress from Uncertainty Scale (SUS), the Fear of Malpractice Scale (FMS), and the Need for (Cognitive) Closure Scale (NCC).

Lessons Learned from the Development and Implementation of Virtual and Telehealth Interprofessional Educational Clinics.

Purpose: The Interprofessional Educational (IPE) Clinic at Duke is a clinical experience that has allowed an interprofessional team, including health professions students, to care for patients in the emergency department (ED) since 2015. COVID-19 presented fundamental challenges to the structure of this experience, such as student restrictions on attending clinical experiences and limitations on the number of providers in a patient room, which necessitated a transition from face-to-face encounters to virtual ones.

Materials And Methods: As a result, two virtual experiences were implemented; one was based in the ED with in-person faculty and patients with virtual learners and one staffed by ambulatory providers engaging in telehealth clinics.

The Impact of Racial Bias in Patient Care and Medical Education: Let's Focus on the Educator.

Introduction: Racial bias in health care is well documented. Research shows the presence of racial bias among health care providers. There is a paucity of workshops focused on racial bias effects in health professions educators.