Carbon Footprint of Minimally Invasive and Open Microdiscectomy: Emerging Implications.

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.ObjectiveTo quantify and compare the carbon footprint (CF) of open and MIS microdiscectomy.MethodsThe study included 161 patients undergoing primary 1 level open or minimally invasive surgery (MIS) for lumbar disc herniation between 2018 and 2022.

The global decline in sexism: A multilevel meta-analytic review of trends in countries' hostile sexism, benevolent sexism, and gender inequality over time.

The continued prevalence of sexism and gender inequalities across the world is a priority for research. We meta-analyzed all research since the inception of ambivalent sexism theory (1996-2023) that measured hostile sexism (i.e.

Asthma: epidemiology, risk factors, and opportunities for prevention and treatment.

Asthma is characterised by variable airflow obstruction and is associated with symptoms of cough, wheeze, and dyspnoea, and with airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. There are approximately 300 million people with asthma worldwide. Despite a current plateau, the burden of this disease is likely to increase due to population growth, urbanisation, and ageing.

Incidence and Prediction of Postoperative Urinary Retention Following Lumbar Decompression.

Background: Postoperative urinary retention (POUR), a common complication after spine surgery, can contribute to longer hospital stays, urinary tract infection, pain, and morbidity. This study aimed to determine the incidence of POUR in patients who underwent lumbar decompression and to construct a predictive model for preoperatively identifying high-risk patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients undergoing primary lumbar decompression from 2017 to 2023.

Risk factors for asthma across India: Results from global asthma network (GAN) phase I study.

Introduction: This study aimed to assess the risk factors and triggers predisposing to asthma in Indian children and adults.

Methods: The Global Asthma Network Phase I study was a multicentre, international, school, and questionnaire-based cross-sectional study conducted across the world with nine centers in India from 2017-18, the current study being analysis of the Indian data.

Results: There were 20084 children, 25887 adolescents, and 81296 adults from 9 sites across India.

Patients Show Similar Recovery Metrics Measured by Health-related Quality-of-life Scores Despite Differences in CT-graphic Fusion Status One Year After 1-level and 2-level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical implications of an incomplete fusion status as determined by CT imaging at 1-year follow-up in patients who underwent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

Background: Despite the advanced capabilities of CT imaging, a notable proportion of patients assessed at a 1-year follow-up are classified as having an incomplete fusion status.

Utility of Preoperative Whole-Body Imaging in Candidates for Lumbar Spine Surgery: The Impact of Concomitant Lower Extremity Osteoarthritis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: To assess the utility of whole-body imaging in diagnosing lower extremity osteoarthritis (LEOA), evaluate the association of LEOA with radiculopathy, and determine the impact of LEOA on postoperative recovery.

Summary Of Background Data: Whole-body imaging offers rapid, low-radiation assessment of both spinal and lower extremity pathology.

Outcomes of primary versus revision TLIF following decompression alone in degenerative spondylolisthesis: a retrospective propensity score matched study.

Background: Degenerative grade 1 spondylolisthesis is associated with lumbar instability, typically addressed with decompression and fusion to prevent iatrogenic instability. The SLIP trial indicated that decompression-only patients benefit significantly from early reoperation for instability. Yet, it's unclear how these revision patients' outcomes compare to those undergoing primary fusion.

Effectiveness of Minimally Invasive Decompression Alone in L4-5 Degenerative Spondylolisthesis With Translational Motion: Short-term Results in a Preliminary Cohort.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

Summary Of Background Data: Although fusion surgery is the established recommendation for degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis (DLS) with instability, a decompression alone might be needed in some cases based on the patient's age, comorbidity burden, surgical fitness, and preference.

Objective: To analyze the outcomes of minimally invasive decompression alone in patients with L4-5 DLS and translational motion ≥2 mm and compare with fusion over short term.

Class 2/3 obesity leads to worse outcomes following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Background Context: There is lack of evidence regarding the impact of class 2/3 obesity (body mass index [BMI] ≥35) on outcomes following minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF).

Purpose: To analyze clinical outcomes, return to activities, fusion rates, and complication/reoperation rates following MI-TLIF in class 2/3 obese patients and compare them with other BMI groups.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort.

High Modified 5 Factor Frailty Index is Associated With Worse PROMs and Decreased Return to Activities After 1 or 2 Level MI-TLIF.

Study DesignRetrospective cohort study.ObjectiveFrailty is defined as a state of minimal "physiologic reserve." The modified 5 factor frailty index (mFI-5) is a recently proposed metric for assessing frailty and has been previously studied as a predictor of morbidity and mortality.

Impact of pedicle screw accuracy on clinical outcomes after 1- or 2-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion.

Objective: When creating minimally invasive spine fusion constructs, accurate pedicle screw fixation is essential for biomechanical strength and avoiding complications arising from delicate surrounding structures. As research continues to analyze how to improve accuracy, long-term patient outcomes based on screw accuracy remain understudied. The objective of this study was to analyze long-term patient outcomes based on screw accuracy.

Temporal Changes in PROMs Improvement and Recovery Kinetics Following Transforaminal Endoscopic Lumbar Discectomy.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Objective: to analyze trends in PROMs improvement and recovery kinetics following transforaminal endoscopic lumbar discectomy and foraminotomy (TELD).

Summary Of Background Data: As TELDs become an increasingly common alternative to fusions for lateral disc herniations, it is important to understand patients' postoperative recovery timelines to manage patient expectations.

Influence of coronal lumbar Cobb angle and surgical level on short-segment lumbar surgery outcomes in degenerative scoliosis.

Purpose: This study investigates the relationship between surgical levels and coronal deformity to identify risk factors for failing to achieve a minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) following short-segment isolated decompression or fusion surgery in patients with degenerative scoliosis (DS) and concurrent lumbar canal stenosis (LCS), without severe sagittal deformity malalignment.

Methods: Patients with degenerative scoliosis who underwent 1- or 2-level lumbar isolated decompression or fusion surgery were included. Surgical level was labeled as "Cobb-related" when decompression or surgical levels spanned or were between end vertebrae, and "outside" when the operative levels did not include the end vertebrae.

Does Approach Matter? Comparison of Early Postoperative Life-threatening Complications in Elderly Patients With Multilevel Cervical Stenosis.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Summary Of Background Data: The optimal surgical approach for multilevel cervical stenosis in elderly patients is controversial because of the risk of life-threatening complication.

Objective: To compare life-threatening early complication rates between ≥3 levels anterior and posterior cervical surgery in elderly patients.

Outcomes of Minimally Invasive Decompression Alone Versus Fusion for Predominant Back Pain.

Background: Although a few recent studies showed good outcomes in back pain-predominant patients following decompression alone, none of the studies had a comparative fusion group.

Purpose: We sought to compare outcomes of minimally invasive decompression alone versus fusion in patients with predominant back pain.

Methods: This retrospective cohort study included patients who underwent minimally invasive decompression alone or fusion and had preoperative back pain > leg pain.

Short-segment fusion versus isolated decompression in lumbar spinal canal stenosis patients with Cobb angles over 20°.

Background Context: Lumbar decompression and short-segment lumbar fusion are standard procedures for short-segment lumbar canal stenosis, even in patients with moderate Cobb angles. Adult degenerative scoliosis is diagnosed at a threshold of 10°, and patients with coronal Cobb angles over 30° are recommended for long fusion due to global spinal deformity. However, there is a lack of research on clinical outcomes in patients with moderate coronal deformity, such as Cobb angles between 20° and 30°.

Exploring the correlation between airborne pollen levels and respiratory conditions in Jaipur, India.

Airborne pollen, a significant natural pollutant, restricts outdoor activities and impacts quality of life for sensitive individuals with pulmonary disorders. This study examines trends in airborne pollen concentrations and explores whether air pollution, pollen concentration, or both impact patient counts. The annual pollen trend in Jaipur shows peaks in pollen concentration in March (due to trees, 66%), September (due to weeds, 45%), and December (due to grass, 50%).

Early NRS Leg and Back Thresholds Predict Clinical Recovery After MIS Transforaminal Lumbar Interbody Fusion for Degenerative Spine Disease.

Study Design: This retrospective study included patients who underwent primary one-level minimally invasive (MIS) transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) for degenerative lumbar spine conditions.

Objective: To identify early predictors of failing to achieve the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) minimum clinically important difference (MCID) 1 year post-surgery.

Background: Early identification of patients at risk of failing to achieve ODI-MCID is crucial for early intervention and improved postoperative counseling.

Interplay of Adiponectin With Glycemic and Metabolic Risk Metrics in Patients With Diabetes.

Background Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by low insulin production or resistance. Adiponectin, a hormone produced by adipocytes, is essential for regulating glucose metabolism and is correlated with insulin decrease. Aim The aim of this study is to estimate the levels of adiponectin in T2DM patients and their relationship with various metabolic markers (glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar (FBS), fasting insulin, lipid profile, and anthropometric variables in an Indian cohort.

Impact of preoperative age-adjusted sagittal imbalance on radiographic and clinical outcomes following 1-level minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion for degenerative spondylolisthesis.

Objective: Prior studies investigating the use of minimally invasive transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (MI-TLIF) for treatment of degenerative lumbar conditions and concomitant sagittal deformity have not stratified patients by preoperative pelvic incidence (PI)-lumbar lordosis (LL) mismatch, which is the earliest parameter to deteriorate in mild sagittal deformity. Thus, the aim of the present study was to determine the impact of preoperative PI-LL mismatch on clinical outcomes and sagittal balance restoration among patients undergoing MI-TLIF for degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS).

Methods: Consecutive adult patients undergoing primary 1-level MI-TLIF between April 2017 and April 2022 for DS with ≥ 6 months radiographic follow-up were included.

Discrepancy between global- and disease-specific outcome measures following lumbar spine surgery.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between patient-perceived changes in health and commonly utilized patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) in lumbar spine surgery.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of prospectively collected data on consecutive patients who underwent lumbar microdiscectomy, lumbar decompression, or lumbar fusion at a single academic institution from 2017 to 2023. Correlation between the global rating of change (GRC) questionnaire, a 5-item Likert scale (much better, slightly better, about the same, slightly worse, and much worse), and PROMs (Oswestry Disability Index, visual analog scale for back and leg pain, 12-Item Short Form Health Survey Physical Component Summary and Mental Component Summary, and PROMIS physical function) was assessed using Spearman's rank correlation coefficients.