Estimating inequality in alcohol-related liver disease burden in the UK, 2009 to 2020: a population-based study using routinely collected data.

Background: There is a need to understand the preventable burden of alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD) and to improve the identification of individuals at high risk. We aimed to establish reliable and stratified epidemiological data to understand the burden of ARLD and the inequalities in this burden related to ethnicity, socioeconomic factors, and region in the UK.

Methods: Data were extracted from Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum, a primary care database that includes 20% of UK general practices.

Consensus on Upper Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Key Performance Indicators to Reduce Post Endoscopy Upper Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Background: Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy lacks established key performance indicators. Up to three-fold variation in post endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer rates has been observed among endoscopy providers in England, highlighting the need for standardisation of UGI endoscopy practices.

Objective: We aimed to achieve consensus on evidence-based key performance indicators to reduce post endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer.

Characteristics of Patients Initiated on Budesonide/Glycopyrronium Bromide/Formoterol Fumarate Single Inhaler Triple Therapy for the Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Population-Based Observational Study.

Background: Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol fumarate (BUD/GLY/FOR) single inhaler triple therapy became available to prescribe to patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in France in 2021. The characteristics of patients prescribed BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy and guideline adherence have not been previously described in France.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of COPD patients initiated on BUD/GLY/FOR triple therapy, assess adherence to COPD management guidelines, and explore any differences by prescribing physician.

Association between sleep duration and obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes: A longitudinal study.

Background: Obesity is prevalent in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and negatively impacts diabetes outcomes. While studies in the general population have established a link between sleep duration and obesity, this relationship in T2D remains unclear.

Objectives: To assess the association between sleep duration and adiposity in patients with T2D.

Comprehensive Update on Multiple Sclerosis-Associated Uveitis and New Epidemiological Insights from the United Kingdom.

Multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated uveitis is characterised most frequently by bilateral intermediate uveitis with peripheral vascular leakage or panuveitis. The interesting association between these autoimmune diseases, which develop in two immune-privileged sites, places some undifferentiated uveitis patients at heightened risk of demyelination and clinical MS precipitation from the use of licensed anti-tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) biologic therapy. However, their association may also open novel treatment avenues, considering the rapidly expanding arsenal of highly effective MS disease-modifying therapies.

Development and validation of a risk prediction tool for the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease in patients presenting in primary care with abdominal symptoms.

Introduction: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may experience delays in their diagnosis. This study aimed to develop and validate a risk prediction tool for IBD.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using primary care data from 2010 to 2019, including symptomatic patients aged ≥18.

The risk of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases following exposure to childhood maltreatment: A retrospective cohort study using UK primary care data.

Background: As a global public health issue, childhood maltreatment is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We aimed to investigate the association between childhood maltreatment and immune-mediated inflammatory disorders (IMIDs).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective matched open cohort study using a UK primary care database between January 1, 1995 and January 31, 2021.

Pharmacologic Treatments for Dementia and the Risk of Developing Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Importance: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among people aged 50 years or older worldwide. There is a need for new strategies for the prevention and treatment of AMD. There is some limited evidence to suggest the possibility of a protective association of dementia medications with the development of some types of AMD, but the evidence is weak.

Self-reported questionnaires to assess indoor home environmental exposures in asthma patients: a scoping review.

Background: The indoor home environment plays a crucial role in determining the outcome of respiratory diseases, including asthma. Researchers, clinicians, and patients would benefit from self-reported questionnaires to assess indoor home environmental exposures that may impact on respiratory health.

Objective: To review self-reported instruments for assessing indoor home environmental exposures in asthma patients and to characterise their content, development, and psychometric properties.

The variation in post-endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer rates among endoscopy providers in England and associated factors: a population-based study.

Background: Post-endoscopy upper gastrointestinal cancer (PEUGIC) is an important key performance indicator for endoscopy quality. We examined variation in PEUGIC rates among endoscopy providers in England and explored associated factors.

Methods: The was a population-based, retrospective, case-control study, examining data from National Cancer Registration and Analysis Service and Hospital Episode Statistics databases for esophageal and gastric cancers diagnosed between 2009 and 2018 in England.

Risk factors for asthma-related hospital and intensive care admissions in children, adolescents and adults: a cohort study using primary and secondary care data.

Background: Asthma remains a common cause of hospital admissions across the life course. We estimated the contribution of key risk factors to asthma-related hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) admissions in children, adolescents and adults.

Methods: This was a UK-based cohort study using linked primary care (Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum) and secondary care (Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care) data.

The Time to Inflammatory Bowel Disease Diagnosis for Patients Presenting with Abdominal Symptoms in Primary Care and its Association with Emergency Hospital Admissions and Surgery: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) presenting to primary care may experience diagnostic delays. We aimed to evaluate this and assess whether time to diagnosis is associated with clinical outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study using English primary care data from January 1, 2010, to December 31, 2019, linked to hospital admission data was undertaken.

Association of sildenafil use with age-related macular degeneration: a retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Despite significant advances in clinical care and understanding of the underlying pathophysiology, age-related macular degeneration (AMD)-a major cause of global blindness-lacks effective treatment to prevent the irreversible degeneration of photoreceptors leading to central vision loss. Limited studies suggest phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors, such as sildenafil, may prevent AMD by increasing retinal blood flow. This study explores the potential association between sildenafil use and AMD risk in men with erectile dysfunction using UK data.

Prodromal symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis in a primary care database: variation by ethnicity and socioeconomic status.

Objectives: To assess whether prodromal symptoms of RA, as recorded in the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum (CPRD) database of English primary care records, differ by ethnicity and socioeconomic status.

Methods: A cross-sectional study to determine the coding of common symptoms (≥0.1% in the sample) in the 24 months preceding RA diagnosis in CPRD Aurum, recorded between 1 January 2004 and 1 May 2022.

Post-hospitalisation asthma management in primary care: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Clinical guidelines recommend that patients admitted to hospital for asthma attacks are reviewed in primary care following hospital discharge.

Aim: To evaluate asthma management in primary care following a hospital admission for asthma and its associations with patient characteristics.

Design And Setting: A retrospective cohort study using English primary care data from the Clinical Practice Research Datalink Aurum database and linked Hospital Episode Statistics Admitted Patient Care data.

Association between preterm delivery and subsequent maternal risk of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in a UK population-based retrospective cohort study.

Objectives: Women with a history of preterm delivery (PTD) are at higher risk of developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) later in life. However, it is not well established whether PTD is associated with CVD risk factors, hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, in this study, we examined the associations between PTD compared with term delivery and subsequent risk of hypertension and T2DM.

Umbrella systematic review of potential quality indicators for the detection of dysplasia and cancer at upper gastrointestinal endoscopy.

Upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy lacks established quality indicators. We conducted an umbrella systematic review of potential quality indicators for the detection of UGI cancer and dysplasia. Bibliographic databases were searched up to December 2021 for systematic reviews and primary studies.

Cardiometabolic screening and monitoring in patients prescribed antipsychotic drugs in primary care: A population-based cohort study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the level of guideline adherence for cardiometabolic health monitoring for patients prescribed antipsychotic medicines in UK primary care.

Methods: In this population-based retrospective open cohort study, we used dataset of patients from the IQVIA Medical Research Data (IMRD) database between 1st January 2003 to 31st December 2018. Clinical Read codes were used to identify a cohort of adult patients with a diagnosis of Schizophrenia and at least four prescriptions of an anti-psychotic medication within 12 months of diagnosis.

Seasonal variation of serum potassium and related prescription pattern: an ecological time series.

To assess if ambient temperature-related effects on serum potassium levels impact clinical decision-making. This study is an ecological time series consisiting of 1 218 453 adult patients with at least one ACE inhibitor (ACEI) prescription who participate in a large UK primary care dataset.Descriptive statistics and a quasi-Poisson regression model using time series data at regular time intervals (monthly) were undertaken to examine the association between potassium measurements and ACEI/potassium supplement prescriptions.

The association between menstrual cycle characteristics and cardiometabolic outcomes in later life: a retrospective matched cohort study of 704,743 women from the UK.

Background: Female reproductive factors are gaining prominence as factors that enhance cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk; nonetheless, menstrual cycle characteristics are under-recognized as a factor associated with CVD. Additionally, there is limited data from the UK pertaining to menstrual cycle characteristics and CVD risk.

Methods: A UK retrospective cohort study (1995-2021) using data from a nationwide database (The Health Improvement Network).

Risk of cardiometabolic outcomes among women with a history of pelvic inflammatory disease: a retrospective matched cohort study from the UK.

Introduction: To describe the incidence and prevalence of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and to estimate the risk of cardiometabolic outcomes among women with PID compared to women without PID.

Methods: A UK retrospective matched cohort study using data from The Health Improvement Network. To assess cardiometabolic risk, women (aged ≥ 16 years) with PID were compared to matched controls without PID.

Co-morbid Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome with Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension.

The link between polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) has long been debated. Historically, there is a wide range of reported occurrence of both conditions, being between 15% and 64%. Both conditions share a common phenotype.

Depression and anxiety in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension compared to migraine: A matched controlled cohort study.

Objective: To evaluate mental health burden in women with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) compared to matched women with migraine and population controls.

Background: Depression and anxiety are recognized comorbid conditions in those with IIH and lead to worse predicted medical outcomes. The mental health burden in IIH has not been previously evaluated in a large, matched cohort study.

Exposure to domestic abuse and the subsequent risk of developing periodontal disease.

Aims: Periodontal disease and domestic abuse (DA) are significant public health problems. Previous cross-sectional evidence indicates an association between DA exposure and development of periodontal disease. There have been no large-scale cohort studies exploring this relationship in a UK-setting.