Impact of three-dimensional prostate models during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy on surgical margins and functional outcomes.

Background: Robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) is the standard surgical procedure for the treatment of prostate cancer. RARP requires a trade-off between performing a wider resection in order to reduce the risk of positive surgical margins (PSMs) and performing minimal resection of the nerve bundles that determine functional outcomes, such as incontinence and potency, which affect patients' quality of life. In order to achieve favourable outcomes, a precise understanding of the three-dimensional (3D) anatomy of the prostate, nerve bundles and tumour lesion is needed.

The Clinical Significance of the Subtypes of Detrusor Overactivity: A Systematic Review.

Introduction: Detrusor overactivity (DO) is the "occurrence of detrusor contraction(s) during filling cystometry" [7] and can be "phasic" or "terminal" [26]. The aim of this systematic review was to establish whether there is any clinical significance between the different subtypes of DO in terms of demographics, underlying pathophysiology, symptoms, other urodynamic parameters and response to treatment.

Methods: A systematic search was performed using PubMed, Cochrane, MEDLINE, Web of Science and EMBASE databases in February 2024, following the PRISMA guidelines.

CholecInstanceSeg: A Tool Instance Segmentation Dataset for Laparoscopic Surgery.

In laparoscopic and robotic surgery, precise tool instance segmentation is an essential technology for advanced computer-assisted interventions. Although publicly available procedures of routine surgeries exist, they often lack comprehensive annotations for tool instance segmentation. Additionally, the majority of standard datasets for tool segmentation are derived from porcine(pig) surgeries.

Ethical aspects of artificial intelligence: what urologists need to know.

Purpose Of Review: The integration of artificial intelligence in urology presents both transformative opportunities and ethical dilemmas. As artificial intelligence driven tools become more prevalent in diagnostics, robotic-assisted surgeries, and patient monitoring, it is crucial for urologists to understand the ethical implications of these technologies. This review examines key ethical concerns surrounding artificial intelligence in urology, including bias, transparency, accountability, and data privacy.

MUTUAL: Towards Holistic Sensing and Inference in the Operating Room.

Embodied AI (E-AI) in the form of intelligent surgical robotics and other agents is calling for data platforms to facilitate its development and deployment. In this work, we present a cross-platform multimodal data recording and streaming software, MUTUAL, successfully deployed on two clinical studies, along with its ROS 2 distributed adaptation, MUTUAL-ROS 2. We describe and compare the two implementations of MUTUAL through their recording performance under different settings.

Low-cost male urogenital simulator for penile implant surgery training: a 3D printing approach.

Background: Penile implant surgery is the standard surgical treatment for end-stage erectile dysfunction. However, the growing complexity of modern high-tech penile prostheses has increased the demand for more practical training opportunities. The most advanced contemporary training methods involve simulation training using cadavers, with costs exceeding $5,000 per cadaver, inclusive of biohazard fees.

AI solutions for overcoming delays in telesurgery and telementoring to enhance surgical practice and education.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a transformative tool in surgery, particularly in telesurgery and telementoring. However, its potential to enhance data transmission efficiency and reliability in these fields remains unclear. While previous reviews have explored the general applications of telesurgery and telementoring in specific surgical contexts, this review uniquely focuses on AI models designed to optimise data transmission and mitigate delays.

The outcomes of robot-assisted surgery in the treatment of neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Aims: To assess the outcomes of robotic surgery for patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunctions (NLUTD).

Materials And Methods: Studies evaluating the outcomes (efficacy and safety) of robot-assisted ileal conduit creation or artificial urinary sphincter (R-AUS) implantation or augmentation cystoplasty or continent urinary diversion creation in patients with NLUTD were included. The search strategy and studies selection were performed on Medline, Embase and Cochrane using the PICOS method according to the PRISMA statement (PROSPERO 2022 CRD42022333157).

Association of Aggression with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms and Overactive Bladder in Men: Observations from a Large Population-representative Study.

Background And Objective: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) and overactive bladder (OAB) intimately affect the psychological wellbeing and mental health of men. However, to date, the association of aggression with LUTS and OAB has not been investigated. To address this knowledge gap, we evaluated the association of aggression with LUTS and OAB in a large representative cohort of men at the population level.

Reduction of surgical complications via 3D models during robotic assisted radical prostatectomy: review of current evidence and meta-analysis.

The use of 3-dimensional (3D) technology has become increasingly popular across different surgical specialities to improve surgical outcomes. 3D technology has the potential to be applied to robotic assisted radical prostatectomy to visualise the patient's prostate anatomy to be used as a preoperative and peri operative surgical guide. This literature review aims to analyse all relevant pre-existing research on this topic.

Bacterial Vaccines for the Management of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background And Objective: Several bacterial immunisations have been developed to reduce the socioeconomic burden of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and the use of prophylactic antibiotics in the management of recurrent UTIs (rUTIs). This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of vaccinations in preventing rUTIs.

Methods: Medline, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from inception to December 2023.

Overactive bladder negatively affects erectile function and promotes premature ejaculation: findings from large representative population-level study.

Purpose: The effect of overactive bladder (OAB) on sexual health has been evaluated extensively for women but much less for men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between OAB and men's sexual activity and the effect of OAB on erectile dysfunction (ED) and premature ejaculation (PE) in a large representative cohort of men at the population level.

Methods: This study was based on computer-assisted web interviews that used validated questionnaires.

The IDEAL framework for surgical robotics: development, comparative evaluation and long-term monitoring.

The next generation of surgical robotics is poised to disrupt healthcare systems worldwide, requiring new frameworks for evaluation. However, evaluation during a surgical robot's development is challenging due to their complex evolving nature, potential for wider system disruption and integration with complementary technologies like artificial intelligence. Comparative clinical studies require attention to intervention context, learning curves and standardized outcomes.

Competitive Inoculation as an Effective Prophylaxis Against Recurrent Urinary Tract Infections: A Systematic Review.

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common condition defined as the presence of bacteria within the urine above a certain threshold (usually >100,000 m/L). The lifetime risk in women is estimated to be 50%, of whom 25% will develop recurrence within 6 months. Unfortunately, the use of antibiotics to treat and manage recurrent UTI (rUTI) is a growing problem, due to the burden of growing antibiotic resistance on public health.