Dietary Fiber Intake and Prostate Cancer Outcomes and All-Cause Mortality: Findings from a Secondary Analysis of the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian Cancer Screening Study.

Background: Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States. Dietary fiber intake may play a role in reducing cancer risk and mortality. However, the relationship between dietary fiber intake and both prostate cancer risk and prostate cancer-specific mortality remains uncertain.

Patterns of Cancer-Related Healthcare Access across Pennsylvania: Analysis of Novel Census Tract-Level Indicators of Persistent Poverty.

Background: Persistent poverty census tracts have had ≥20% of the population living below the federal poverty line for 30+ years. We assessed the relationship between persistent poverty and cancer-related healthcare access across census tracts in Pennsylvania.

Methods: We gathered publicly available census tract-level data on persistent poverty, rurality, and sociodemographic variables, as well as potential access to healthcare (i.

Exercise training improves serum biomarkers of liver fibroinflammation in patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.

Background And Aims: Exercise training is recommended for all patients with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease and may reverse liver fibrosis. Whether exercise training improves liver fibrosis without body weight loss remains controversial. We further investigated this relationship using serum biomarkers of liver fibroinflammation in a post hoc analysis of an exercise trial where patients did not lose significant body weight.

LionVu: A Data-Driven Geographical Web-GIS Tool for Community Health and Decision-Making in a Catchment Area.

In 2018, the Penn State Cancer Institute developed LionVu, a web mapping tool to educate and inform community health professionals about the cancer burden in Pennsylvania and its catchment area of 28 counties in central Pennsylvania. LionVu, redesigned in 2023, uses several open-source JavaScript libraries (i.e.

Liver Transplant Outcomes in Young Adults with Cirrhosis Related to Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

Background: The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NASH) and cryptogenic cirrhosis (CC) is constantly increasing in adolescents and young adults (AYAs).

Methods: In a retrospective UNOS database evaluation, we analyzed postoperative outcomes of AYAs with nonalcoholic NASH/CC undergoing LT between January 1, 2003 and March 5, 2021. After exclusions, 85,970 LT recipients, 393 (47.

Serum Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 Is Markedly Decreased following Exercise Training in Patients with Biopsy-Proven Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis.

Background And Aims: Exercise remains a key component of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) treatment. However, mechanisms underpinning the improvements in NAFLD seen with exercise are unclear. Exercise improved liver fat and serum biomarkers of liver fibrosis in the NASHFit trial.

Mobile health lifestyle intervention program leads to clinically significant loss of body weight in patients with NASH.

Background Aims: Lifestyle intervention remains the foundation of clinical care for patients with NASH; however, most patients are unsuccessful in enacting sustained behavioral change. There remains a clear unmet need to develop lifestyle intervention programs to support weight loss. Mobile health (mHealth) programs offer promise to address this need, yet their efficacy remains unexplored.

Decline in Functional Status While on the Waiting List Predicts Worse Survival After Lung Transplantation.

Objectives: To determine if decreases in the Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) while on the waitlist predict decreased survival after lung transplantation (LTx).

Design: A retrospective evaluation of the United Network for Organ Sharing database. The KPS was evaluated at the time of listing for transplant and at the time of transplantation.

Ambient air exposures to arsenic and cadmium and overall and prostate cancer-specific survival among prostate cancer cases in Pennsylvania, 2004 to 2014.

Background: Exposures to arsenic (As) and cadmium (Cd) have been associated with higher prostate cancer (PC) mortality; however, these associations have been inconsistent. The authors investigated whether higher ambient air concentrations of As and Cd are associated with lower overall and PC-specific survival among PC cases in Pennsylvania.

Methods: Incident PC cases of patients, aged 40 years or older, with a clinical diagnosis and nonmetastatic disease were identified in the 2004 to 2014 Pennsylvania Cancer Registry.

A decline in functional status while awaiting liver transplantation is predictive of increased post-transplantation mortality.

Background: Functional status (FS) is dynamic and changes over time. We examined how changes in FS while awaiting liver transplantation influence post-transplant outcomes.

Methods: Data on adult liver transplants performed in the United States during the MELD era were obtained through September 2020.

Vitamin D and family history of hypertension in relation to hypertension status among college students.

Hypertension and vitamin D concentrations have heritable components, although these factors remain uninvestigated in young adults. The objective of this study was to investigate hypertension risk among young adults with respect to family history of hypertension, adjusting for vitamin D status. Resting blood pressure (BP) was measured in 398 individuals aged 18-35 and classified according to the 2017 American Heart Association criteria.

LionVu 2.0 Usability Assessment for Pennsylvania, United States.

The Penn State Cancer Initiative implemented LionVu 1.0 (Penn State University, United States) in 2017 as a web-based mapping tool to educate and inform public health professionals about the cancer burden in Pennsylvania and 28 counties in central Pennsylvania, locally known as the catchment area. The purpose of its improvement, LionVu 2.

Spatial patterns in prostate Cancer-specific mortality in Pennsylvania using Pennsylvania Cancer registry data, 2004-2014.

Background: Spatial heterogeneity of prostate cancer-specific mortality in Pennsylvania remains unclear. We utilized advanced geospatial survival regressions to examine spatial variation of prostate cancer-specific mortality in PA and evaluate potential effects of individual- and county-level risk factors.

Methods: Prostate cancer cases, aged ≥40 years, were identified in the 2004-2014 Pennsylvania Cancer Registry.

Prostate Cancer Incidence and Aggressiveness in Appalachia versus Non-Appalachia Populations in Pennsylvania by Urban-Rural Regions, 2004-2014.

Background: Few studies have examined prostate cancer incidence and aggressiveness in urban-rural Appalachian populations. We examined these rates in urban-rural Appalachia and non-Appalachia Pennsylvania (PA), and the association between these areas and more aggressive prostate cancer at diagnosis.

Methods: Men, ages ≥ 40 years with a primary prostate cancer diagnosis, were identified from the 2004-2014 Pennsylvania Cancer Registry.