A Biotechnological Approach to Insect Waste Valorization: Silkworm Pupae as a Functional Feed Ingredient for Pangasius pangasius, Improving Growth and Physiological Responses.

The rising cost of fish meal and soybean meal for aquafeeds has encouraged researchers to look for alternative protein sources. To find an alternative, this study was designed to replace soybean meal with silkworm pupae meal. An experimental feeding trial of 75 days was conducted on Pangasius fingerlings to assess the effects of partially substituted soybean meal with silkworm pupae meal (SWPM) on growth performance, antioxidant activity, and digestive enzymes.

CaMKII Inhibition Using tatCN19o Ameliorates Spinal Cord Ischemia Associated with Aortic Surgery.

Objective: Paraplegia from spinal cord ischemia (SCI) is a life-altering complication of aortic surgery. While various strategies have been employed to enhance spinal cord perfusion, no pharmaceutical agents have been used clinically to mitigate the risk of SCI. Inhibition of Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II (CaMKII) pathway has shown neuroprotective effects in rodent cerebral ischemia; however, its role in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury has yet to be investigated.

The ethnomedicinal, pharmacological, and phytochemical potential of Ferula sinkiangensis K.M.Shen: An updated and comprehensive review.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Ferula sinkiangensis, commonly known as "Chinese Awei" or "Chinese Ferula", has attracted considerable attention due to its diverse ethnobotanical uses and phytochemical complexity. However, lacking an updated and comprehensive review addressing ethnobotany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and threats facing this critically endangered medicinal plant of Xinjiang, China.

Aim: This comprehensive review aims to provide an updated, meticulous study of F.

Early outcomes of robotic management of aberrant subclavian artery.

Background: Aberrant subclavian artery (ASA), though rare, can cause dysphagia lusoria and significantly affect quality of life. Conventional treatment involves open ligation and division of ASA, but a robotic approach is becoming more popular. This study assessed outcomes in patients undergoing robotic ASA division.

Hematological, Histological, and NMR Analysis of Meat Quality and Growth Performance of Broilers Fed with Probiotics Bacillus licheniformis-Supplemented Poultry Feed.

The present study evaluated the effect of probiotics (Bacillus licheniformis) on the growth pattern, hematological parameters, metabolic profile, and meat quality of broiler birds. Total of 75 Ross 308 broiler chicks were divided into three groups (25 broilers in each) and fed with poultry feed supplemented with probiotics (15 g/ton of feed for starter diet and 35 g/ton for grower diet), antibiotic (amoxicillin 900 mg/ton of feed) and basal poultry feed, respectively, for 5 weeks. The broilers of control group exhibited higher feed conversion rate (FCR), i.

LncRNA-Protein Interactions: A Key to Deciphering LncRNA Mechanisms.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in a multitude of biological processes. However, their functional basis, particularly structure-based functional characteristics, remains elusive. lncRNAs exert their influence primarily through intricate interactions with various cellular components.

Evaluating Patient Outcomes and Access to Care in Aortic Surgery Based on Ethnicity and Social Vulnerability.

We previously demonstrated the impact of ethnicity on aortic surgery, with underrepresentation and greater acuity in minority patients, raising concerns regarding access to care. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's social vulnerability index (SVI) measure is increasingly used to quantify patient socioeconomic and demographic factors. This study expands on our prior work by incorporating SVI and ethnicity to analyze patient presentation and outcomes in aortic arch surgery.

High Flow, High-Pressure Retrograde Cerebral Perfusion at 28°C is Safe and Effective for Hemiarch Replacement of the Ascending Aorta.

Traditional retrograde cerebral perfusion (RCP) parameters may be suboptimal for washout of debris during hemiarch replacement of the ascending aorta, so we have designed a protocol of increased RCP pressure and flow at moderate hypothermia. We hypothesize that higher RCP pressure is safe in neurological outcomes in cases utilizing circulatory arrest at 28°C in elective hemiarch replacement.A retrospective review of a single-institution prospective database was used to search for all patients with elective hemiarch surgery from 2015 to 2022.

Procalcitonin levels in septic and nonseptic subjects with AKI and ESKD prior to and during continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT).

Background: Procalcitonin is a 14.5 kDa protein used clinically as a marker of sepsis and therapeutic response to antibiotic therapy. However, its utility in critically ill patients with either acute kidney injury (AKI) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) who require continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT) is unknown.

Impact of planned concomitant coronary artery bypass grafting on risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in elective aortic hemiarch surgery.

Background: Hemiarch replacement of the ascending aorta has become routine in many aortic centers. While the addition of coronary bypass does not add a lot of time to the procedure, it carries with more significant comorbidities. We hypothesize that the addition of CABG carries a higher risk of complication than hemiarch alone.

Correction: Javaid et al. WebGIS-Based Real-Time Surveillance and Response System for Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases. 2023, , 3740.

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The role of mentorship in veterinary practice: An empirical study of the Animal Health Mentoring Framework in Pakistan.

This research introduced and ascertained the effectiveness of the Animal Health Mentoring Framework (AHMF) designed by Brooke, a global welfare organization, to develop the dual skills of ethical reasoning and the technical capabilities of field veterinarians in Pakistan. A longitudinal observational study was carried out on 100 veterinary professionals from six institutions in Lahore for six months by engaging them in a structured mentorship program. The AHMF targeted key developmental areas: welfare advocacy, clinical expertise, communication, kit content and maintenance, and clinical governance.

Attention-Enhanced Multi-Task Deep Learning Model for Classification and Segmentation of Esophageal Lesions.

Accurate detection and segmentation of esophageal lesions are crucial for diagnosing and treating gastrointestinal diseases. However, early detection of esophageal cancer remains challenging, contributing to a reduced five-year survival rate among patients. This paper introduces a novel multitask deep learning model for automatic diagnosis that integrates classification and segmentation tasks to assist endoscopists effectively.

Covalent immobilization of thermotolerant recombinant nano-coupled xylanase for improved stability and reusability in the saccharification process.

Xylanase, a key enzyme in the saccharification of lignocellulosic biomass (LCB) for bioethanol production, often faces limitations due to its limited reusability and poor stability. For this purpose, β-1,4-xylanase gene (Clocl_0045) of 1239 bp from Clostridium clariflavum (also known as Acetivibrio clariflavus) was cloned and expressed into expression system i.e.

Anti-biofilm potential of some fish probiotics, alone and in combination with antibiotics against isolated aquaculture pathogens; A preliminary data.

This study aims to isolate and identify both diseased and healthy fish pathogens of Ctenopharyngodon idella, Labeo rohita and Oreochromis niloticus and assess their antibacterial and biofilm supressing activities against fish pathogens. It explores their potential to inhibit and degrade biofilms, serving as an alternative to antibiotics in aquaculture while enhancing fish health and disease resistance. Furthermore, the research endeavors to assess the biofilm degradation potential of antibiotics and probiotics, both individually and in combination.

Level of sedation in patients with COVID-19 supported with ECMO: A comparative analysis of the critical care consortium international database.

Background: Liberation from sedation may be beneficial for patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome supported by veno-venous (VV) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). Currently, there is limited evidence to support this approach. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the 90-day patient mortality of different sedation strategies in COVID-19 patients supported with VV ECMO.

Medicinal Plants Exhibited Promising Potential to Inhibit Biofilm Formation by Catheter-Associated Bacteria in UTI Patients from Lahore, Pakistan.

The current study was designed to evaluate the antibacterial, antibiofilm, and biofilm inhibitory potential of six medicinal plants, including Trachyspermum ammi, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Nigella sativa, Thymus vulgaris, Terminalia arjuna, and Ipomoea carneaid against catheter-associated bacteria (CAB). Eighteen CAB were identified up to species level using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, viz., Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Correction: Oluwasanmi et al. Multi-Head Spatiotemporal Attention Graph Convolutional Network for Traffic Prediction. 2023, , 3836.

In the original publication [...

Antibiofilm and Antiquorum Sensing Potential of Pheretima posthum.

Antibiotic resistance is a world wide problem mainly in developing countries. In this work, coelomic fluid (PCF) and paste (PBP) of Pheretima posthuma was assessed for its potential as antibiofilm and anti-quorum sensing (QS) agent against pathogenic bacterial biofilms. PCF and PBP were extracted and biofilm formation time kinetics was examined using crystal violet staining method by utilizing four bacterial isolates in bispecies biofilm (06 combinations; MH5-MH10) and multi species biofilms (05 combinations; MH11-MH15).

Effective xylan integration for remodeling biochar uniformity and porosity to enhance chemical elimination and CO adsorption.

Although plant evolution has offered diverse biomass resources, the production of high-quality biochar from desirable lignocelluloses remains unexplored. In this study, distinct lignocellulose substrates derived from eight representative plant species were employed to prepare biochar samples under three different temperature treatments. Correlation analysis showed that only hemicellulose was a consistently positive factor of lignocellulose substrates to account for the dye-adsorption capacities of diverse biochar samples.

Laccase Production Optimization from Recombinant BL21 Codon Plus Containing Novel Laccase Gene from for Removal of Wastewater Textile Dye.

The aim of the present research was the efficient degradation of industrial textile wastewater dyes using a very active cloned laccase enzyme. For this purpose, potent laccase-producing bacteria were isolated from soil samples collected from wastewater-replenished textile sites in Punjab, Pakistan. The laccase gene from locally isolated strain LI-81, identified as , was cloned into vector pET21a, which was further transformed into BL21 codon plus.

Cross-cultural adaptation and validation of an Urdu version of the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX-U) scale.

Background: Martin and Petrie developed the Vaccine Attitudes Examination (VAX) scale with an aim to document general vaccination attitudes. Vaccine acceptance plays an important role in curbing COVID-19 infections. Thus, it was important to assess vaccination attitudes of Pakistani people towards novel COVID-19 vaccines.

Association Between Sleeping Quality and Risk of Breast Cancer Among Women: A Case-Control Study From Pakistan.

Background: This case-control study investigated the relationship between sleep duration and quality with the occurrence of breast cancer among women, both pre- and post-menopausal, in the northwest Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) region of Pakistan.

Method: This case-control research was carried in multiple tertiary care facilities. Newly diagnosed primary breast cancer patients were recruited as cases (n = 408), and 5+ years age-matched controls (n = 408) were randomly selected from the general population.

Hyponatremia Prevalence in Decompensated Chronic Liver Disease: Insights from a Tertiary Care Hospital.

Background: Liver cirrhosis is a prominent global contributor to mortality, and hyponatremia is a common complication in patients with decompensated chronic liver disease (DCLD). Hyponatremia is characterized by kidney impairment when eliminating solute-free water. The presence of contradictory findings in existing literature prompted this study.