The Founding and Future of the National Emergency Airway Registry for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (NEAR4PEM).

This Special Feature article accompanies the manuscript "Site-Level Variation in Tracheal Intubation in the Pediatric Emergency Department: A Report from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (NEAR4PEM)" and provides background on the formation, structure, and future directions of the NEAR4PEM collaborative. Established in 2021 as a subgroup of the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS), NEAR4PEM is a rapidly growing multicenter registry and collaborative focused on advancing the science and practice of airway management in pediatric emergency settings. Participating sites prospectively collect data on pediatric tracheal intubations to characterize practice variability, support quality improvement initiatives, and inform educational efforts in airway management.

Site-Level Variation in Tracheal Intubation in the Pediatric Emergency Department: A Report From the National Emergency Airway Registry for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (NEAR4PEM).

Objectives: To describe site-level variation in the performance and outcomes of tracheal intubation (TI) in pediatric emergency departments (PEDs) using the National Emergency Airway Registry for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (NEAR4PEM).

Methods: A multicenter observational study of TI was performed between April 2018 and September 2023. TI data were obtained from the 16 PEDs contributing to the NEAR4PEM registry.

Human Streptococcus suis Infections, South America, 1995-2024.

Streptococcus suis, a swine pathogen that causes zoonotic infections in Europe and Asia, has increasingly been observed in South America. We reviewed all available reports from the continent and identified S. suis cases in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, French Guiana, and Uruguay.

MALDI-TOF MS experience with the identification of complex microorganisms using two devices in a National Reference Laboratory.

Unlabelled: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) methodology has meant a true revolution in clinical microbiology, optimizing diagnosis times through reliable results in a matter of minutes, replacing phenotypic and molecular procedures in several cases. Today, two major platforms are commercially available, the MALDI Biotyper (Bruker Daltonics Inc., Bremen, Germany) and the VITEKMS PRIME (bioMérieux, Marcy l'Etoile, France).

Usability Testing Via Simulation: Optimizing the NEAR4PEM Preintubation Checklist With a Human Factors Approach.

Objectives: To inform development of a preintubation checklist for pediatric emergency departments via multicenter usability testing of a prototype checklist.

Methods: This was a prospective, mixed methods study across 7 sites in the National Emergency Airway Registry for Pediatric Emergency Medicine (NEAR4PEM) collaborative. Pediatric emergency medicine attending physicians and senior fellows at each site were first oriented to a checklist prototype, including content previously identified using a modified Delphi approach.

spp: the emergence of a new genus of healthcare-associated Enterobacterales encoding carbapenemases in Argentina: a case series.

Members of the genus (order ) are isolated from the natural environment and clinical settings. Identification of strains based on biochemical characteristics is complicated due to taxonomic confusion, and they are often misidentified by automated identification systems in laboratories. In this study we describe the first three clinical cases associated with spp.

[Molecular characterization of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from human and food sources in Argentina, 2018-2023].

Human listeriosis is an infectious disease caused by Listeria monocytogenes. The invasive form of this disease leads to a high rate of hospitalizations and fatality. The main mode of transmission is through contaminated ready-to-eat foods such as dairy, vegetables and meat products.

Novel Metallo-β-Lactamase Isolated from a Clinical Strain Resistant to Colistin.

Objective: We aimed to describe a colistin (COL)-resistant (R) (Cvi) isolate from a septic patient in Argentina expressing a previously unknown gene, .

Methods: In 2019, a 12 year old child was injured with a thorn in a lagoon. The child was hospitalized due to sepsis and multiple abscesses.

Rapid and accurate detection of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) serotype O157 : H7 by mass spectrometry directly from the isolate, using 10 potential biomarker peaks and machine learning predictive models.

The different pathotypes of can produce a large number of human diseases. Surveillance is complex since their differentiation is not easy. In particular, the detection of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) serotype O157 : H7 consists of stool culture of a diarrhoeal sample on enriched and/or selective media and identification of presumptive colonies and confirmation, which require a certain level of training and are time-consuming and expensive.

Development of a paediatric airway management checklist for the emergency department: a modified Delphi approach.

Background: Airway management checklists have improved paediatric patient safety in some clinical settings, but consensus on the appropriate components to include on a checklist for paediatric tracheal intubation in the ED is lacking.

Methods: A multidisciplinary panel of 14 experts in airway management within and outside of paediatric emergency medicine participated in a modified Delphi approach to develop consensus on the appropriate components for a paediatric airway management checklist for the ED. Panel members reviewed, modified and added to the components from the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children airway safety checklist for paediatric intensive care units using a 9-point appropriateness scale.

[Legionnaires' disease in Argentina: Evolution of the laboratory diagnostic strategy].

Legionnaires' disease (LD) is severe acute pneumonia that occurs in sporadic or epidemic form, and generally requires hospitalization. The objective of this work was to describe the experience in the LD laboratory diagnostic approach in Argentina during the period 2016-2021. The laboratory analyzed 168 clinical specimens from 93 cases of suspected LD pneumonia.

See one, see one, teach one - Decisions on allocating intubation opportunities in pediatric emergency medicine.

Background: Decisions about who should perform tracheal intubation in academic settings must balance the needs of trainees to develop competency in pediatric intubation with patient safety. Airway protocols during the COVID-19 pandemic may have reduced opportunities for trainees, representing an opportunity to examine the impact of shifting laryngoscopy responsibilities away from trainees.

Methods: This observational study combined data from 11 pediatric emergency departments in North America participating in either the National Emergency Airway Registry for Children (NEAR4KIDS) or a national pediatric emergency medicine airway education collaborative.

Study of the genetic diversity of Moraxella spp. isolates obtained from corneal abscesses.

This is the first study of the genetic diversity of Moraxella spp. Isolates were detected in an Eye Hospital in the City of Buenos Aires. Due to the high frequency of Moraxella spp.

Peptidome profiling for the immunological stratification in sepsis: a proof of concept study.

Sepsis has been called the graveyard of pharmaceutical companies due to the numerous failed clinical trials. The lack of tools to monitor the immunological status in sepsis constrains the development of therapies. Here, we evaluated a test based on whole plasma peptidome acquired by MALDI-TOF-mass spectrometer and machine-learning algorithms to discriminate two lipopolysaccharide-(LPS) induced murine models emulating the pro- and anti-inflammatory/immunosuppression environments that can be found during sepsis.

The Genetic relatedness of Burkholderia contaminans clinical isolates from cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis patients in Argentina.

Introduction: The Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) bacteria are opportunistic pathogens that cause nosocomial infections and are especially dangerous for cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. Burkholderia contaminans is an emerging BCC species isolated from CF patients that also occurs as a contaminant in pharmaceutical and personal care products, sometimes linking it with outbreaks.

Methodology: A total of 55 B.

[Actinotignum schaalii: Report of two cases of bacteremia in Argentina].

Actinotignum schaalii is an emerging pathogen in elderly patients with urinary tract pathologies. Two cases of A. schaalii bacteremia are described.

Exploring the value of MALDI-TOF MS for the detection of clonal outbreaks of Burkholderia contaminans.

Background: Molecular genetics has risen in both output and affordability to become the gold standard in diagnosis, however it is not yet available for most routine clinical microbiology due to cost and the level of skill it requires. Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionisation - time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) approaches may be useful in bridging the gap between low-resolution phenotypic methods and bulky genotypic methods in the goal of epidemiological source-typing of microbes. Burkholderia has been shown to be identifiable at the subspecies level using MALDI-TOF MS.

A combined approach of MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and multivariate analysis as a potential tool for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus in nasopharyngeal swabs.

Coronavirus disease 2019, known as COVID-19, is caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The early, sensitive and specific detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus is widely recognized as the critical point in responding to the ongoing outbreak. Currently, the diagnosis is based on molecular real time RT-PCR techniques, although their implementation is being threatened due to the extraordinary demand for supplies worldwide.

[Evolution of the performance of Latin America Reference Laboratories in the detection of mechanisms of antimicrobial resistanceEvolução do desempenho dos Laboratórios de Referência na América Latina na detecção de mecanismos de resistência antimicrobiana].

Objective: The objective is to present the results of the Latin American Program for Quality Assurance in Bacteriology and Antimicrobial Resistance (LA-EQAS) between 2000 and 2018 and the evolution of the detection of resistance mechanisms with clinical impact.

Methods: The participating National Reference Laboratories (NRLs) received 25 surveys with 10 strains in each one, representing a total of 86 bacterial species and 40 resistance mechanisms. To evaluate the performance of the NRLs, five indicators were analyzed: bacterial identification, interpretation of susceptibility testing, acceptable ranges for zones of inhibition, inferred resistance mechanism, and delay time for the response.

myocarditis and leptomeningitis in feedlot cattle: case report and occurrence in South America.

We investigated deaths in a group of feedlot steers in Argentina. The main findings in 3 steers autopsied were pulmonary congestion and edema, necrotizing myocarditis, pericarditis, suppurative leptomeningitis, and bronchopneumonia. was detected by bacterial culture and immunohistochemistry in the hearts of the 3 animals.