Impact of Senescent Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles on Innate Immune Cell Function.

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are components of the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) that influence cellular functions via their cargo. Here, the interaction between EVs derived from senescent (SEVs) and non-senescent (N-SEVs) fibroblasts and the immune system is investigated. Via endocytosis, SEVs are phagocytosed by monocytes, neutrophils, and B cells.

Nanopore and Illumina sequencing reveal different viral populations from human gut samples.

The advent of viral metagenomics, or viromics, has improved our knowledge and understanding of global viral diversity. High-throughput sequencing technologies enable explorations of the ecological roles, contributions to host metabolism, and the influence of viruses in various environments, including the human intestinal microbiome. However, bacterial metagenomic studies frequently have the advantage.

Investigating the Human Intestinal DNA Virome and Predicting Disease-Associated Virus-Host Interactions in Severe Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS).

Understanding how the human virome, and which of its constituents, contributes to health or disease states is reliant on obtaining comprehensive virome profiles. By combining DNA viromes from isolated virus-like particles (VLPs) and whole metagenomes from the same faecal sample of a small cohort of healthy individuals and patients with severe myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), we have obtained a more inclusive profile of the human intestinal DNA virome. Key features are the identification of a core virome comprising tailed phages of the class , and a greater diversity of DNA viruses including extracellular phages and integrated prophages.

Comparison of PCR versus PCR-Free DNA Library Preparation for Characterising the Human Faecal Virome.

The human intestinal microbiota is abundant in viruses, comprising mainly bacteriophages, occasionally outnumbering bacteria 10:1 and is termed the virome. Due to their high genetic diversity and the lack of suitable tools and reference databases, the virome remains poorly characterised and is often referred to as "viral dark matter". However, the choice of sequencing platforms, read lengths and library preparation make study design challenging with respect to the virome.

Complete Genome Sequence of a Bacteroides fragilis Bacteriophage, vB_BfrS_NCTC.

Bacteroides fragilis is an obligate anaerobe and a common gut commensal bacterium that is also an important opportunistic pathogen. Here, we present the complete genome sequence of the circularly permuted B. fragilis bacteriophage vB_BfrS_NCTC.

Genome Characterization of a Novel Wastewater Bacteriophage (vB_BfrS_23) and its Host GB124.

spp. are part of the human intestinal microbiota but can under some circumstances become clinical pathogens. Phages are a potentially valuable therapeutic treatment option for many pathogens, but phage therapy for pathogenic spp.

Temperate Bacteriophages from Chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa Lung Infections Show Disease-Specific Changes in Host Range and Modulate Antimicrobial Susceptibility.

Temperate bacteriophages are a common feature of genomes, but their role in chronic lung infections is poorly understood. This study was designed to identify the diverse communities of mobile phages by employing novel metagenomic methods, to determine cross infectivity, and to demonstrate the influence of phage infection on antimicrobial susceptibility. Mixed temperate phage populations were chemically mobilized from individual , isolated from patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) or bronchiectasis (BR).

Optimization and modelling of enzymatic polymerization of ε-caprolactone to polycaprolactone using Candida Antartica Lipase B with response surface methodology and artificial neural network.

Recently enzymatic catalysts have replaced organic and organometallic catalysts in the synthesis of bio-resorbable polymers. Enzymatic polymerization is considered as an alternative to conventional polymerization as they are less toxic, environmental friendly and can operate under mild conditions. In this research, the enzymatic ring-opening polymerization (e-ROP) of e-caprolactone (e-CL) using Candida Antartica Lipase B (CALB) as catalyst to produce the Polycaprolactone.

IL-6 secretion in osteoarthritis patients is mediated by chondrocyte-synovial fibroblast cross-talk and is enhanced by obesity.

Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation plays a central role in driving joint pathology in certain patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Since many patients with OA are obese and increased adiposity is associated with chronic inflammation, we investigated whether obese patients with hip OA exhibited differential pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling and peripheral and local lymphocyte populations, compared to normal weight hip OA patients. No differences in either peripheral blood or local lymphocyte populations were found between obese and normal-weight hip OA patients.

A metagenomic approach to characterize temperate bacteriophage populations from Cystic Fibrosis and non-Cystic Fibrosis bronchiectasis patients.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa), normally a soil commensal, is an important opportunistic pathogen in Cystic Fibrosis (CF) and non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis (nCFBR). Persistent infection correlates with accelerated decline in lung function and early mortality. The horizontal transfer of DNA by temperate bacteriophages can add gene function and selective advantages to their bacterial host within the constrained environment of the lower lung.