A potential role of Fgf3 for epibranchial formation in zebrafish.

In fish, epibranchials are dorsal facial skeletal elements composing the branchial basket, which articulate with ceratobranchials ventrally and pharyngobranchials dorsally. They form in the posterior pharyngeal arches through endochondral bone formation. In zebrafish, the development of epibranchial structures has not been described in detail at the genetic and cellular levels compared to the development of the jaw skeleton.

Spin-selective transport through chiral ferromagnetic nanohelices.

Chiral crystals with well-defined handedness in atomic arrangements exhibit properties such as spin selectivity, asymmetric magnetoresistance, and skyrmions. Although similar geometry-induced phenomena in chiral organic molecule-based systems were observed, synthesizing uniform inorganic nanostructures with desired chirality using a scalable method remains challenging. We electrochemically synthesized chiral ferromagnetic cobalt-iron nanohelices from nanoparticles in anodized aluminum oxide templates.

Partial Deletion of the Carboxyl-Terminal Signal Sequence of the Cellular Prion Protein Alters Protein Expression via Endoplasmic Reticulum-Associated Degradation.

Cellular prion protein (PrP) is a glycoprotein tethered to the plasma membrane via a GPI-anchor, and it plays a crucial role in prion diseases by undergoing conformational change to PrP. To generate a knock-in (KI) mouse model expressing bank vole PrP (BVPrP), a KI targeting construct was designed. However, a Prnp gene sequence that encodes PrP lacking seven C-terminal amino acid residues of the GPI-anchoring signal sequence (GPI-SS) was unintentionally introduced into the construct.

Preliminary study on cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials tuning changes in acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss.

Background: Acute low-tone sensorineural hearing loss (ALHL) is frequently associated with endolymphatic hydrops. Cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) have been used to detect saccular hydrops, especially in Meniere's disease, but their role in ALHL is unclear.

Objective: To preliminarily investigate whether cVEMP tuning frequency shifts are associated with hearing outcomes in patients with ALHL.

Platelet-rich plasma enhances local homing of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells to articular cartilage by increasing the quantity and activation of integrin ꞵ1.

Background: Enhancing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) engraftment at the degenerative cartilage is important to increase the therapeutic effect of cartilage regeneration. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is known to have anti-inflammatory and anabolic effects for the treatment of osteoarthritis and has been reported to be commonly used with MSCs. However, little is known about the effects of PRP on MSCs adhesion to cartilage extracellular matrix (ECM).

Acute-phase response- and inflammation-, but not extracellular matrix-related proteins in the amniotic fluid are associated with spontaneous preterm delivery in asymptomatic women with midtrimester short cervix.

To determine whether (i) altered levels of acute-phase (APR)-, inflammation-, and extracellular matrix (ECM)-related in the amniotic fluid (AF) were associated with spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) in asymptomatic women with midtrimester short cervix (SCX) and (ii) if SPTD risk severity was related to the expression levels of inflammation-related proteins in the AF. This retrospective cohort study included 70 singleton pregnant women diagnosed with a SCX (<25 mm) at 17-25 weeks, who were subjected to amniocentesis to exclude intraamniotic inflammation (IAI; defined as AF interleukin [IL]-6 ≥ 2.6 ng/mL).

Linear and Symmetric Artificial Synapses Driven by Hydrogen Bonding for Accurate and Reliable Neuromorphic Computing.

Neuromorphic computing addresses the von Neumann bottleneck by integrating memory and processing to emulate synaptic behavior. Artificial synapses enable this functionality through analog conductance modulation, low-power operation, and nanoscale integration. Halide perovskites with high ionic mobilities and solution processabilities have emerged as promising materials for such devices; however, inherent stochastic ion migration and thermal instability lead to asymmetric and nonlinear characteristics, ultimately impairing their learning and inference capabilities.

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled ECG Screening for LVSD in LBBB: Evaluating Model Development and Transfer Learning Approaches.

Background: Left bundle branch block (LBBB) is a common electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormality associated with left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD). Although artificial intelligence (AI)-driven ECG analysis shows promise for LVSD screening, it remains unclear if a general AI-ECG model or one tailored for LBBB patients yields better performance.

Objectives: This study evaluates 4 AI-ECG models for detecting LVSD in LBBB patients and examines the impact of training cohort definitions.

Role of estimated glucose disposal rate in predicting myosteatosis: Insights from abdominal CT analysis.

Background And Aims: Myosteatosis, or fat infiltration in skeletal muscle, impairs muscle quality and contributes to insulin resistance. The estimated glucose disposal rate (eGDR) has emerged as a noninvasive marker of insulin resistance in diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to investigate the association between eGDR and myosteatosis in the general population.

Evaluation of the utility of a nomogram for predicting lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer in shared decision-making in clinical practice: a survey-based study.

Purpose: In 2019, we reported a novel nomogram to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in T1 colorectal cancer. Herein, we conducted a survey-based study to evaluate the clinical utility of this nomogram in determining the need for additional surgery after endoscopic resection for high-risk T1 colorectal cancer.

Methods: A survey was conducted among 77 members of the Korean Society of Coloproctology and 25 members of the Korean Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.

Percolative Network-Based Flexible Transparent Conductive MXene-Nickel Microfiber Film for Electromagnetic Interference Shielding.

As advanced optoelectronics continue to integrate, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding technologies have been extensively developed to meet multifunctional requirements, including ultrathin, flexible, and transparent properties. In this study, we develop a transparent EMI shielding film by embedding TiCT MXene particles within one-dimensional (1D) metallic fiber structures. This 1D structure facilitates the formation of a percolative network, enabling high EMI shielding performance while maintaining significant visible light transmission.

Pathogenic roles of immunoproteasomes in fibrosis.

The 26S proteasome is a multi-subunit protease complex that degrades most eukaryotic cellular proteins. It not only regulates individual protein's half-lives but also maintains proteome homeostasis and modulates immunological responses. During conditions involving large-scale proteome remodeling, such as fibrosis and cellular differentiation, the 26S proteasome plays a central role in the rapid removal of excess cytosolic proteins.

Frequency Switching Neuristor for Realizing Intrinsic Plasticity and Enabling Robust Neuromorphic Computing.

The human brain's efficiency and adaptability in processing information is largely attributed to spatiotemporal spiking activities and intrinsic plasticity-the ability of neurons to autonomously modulate their excitability. Mott memristors, with their threshold switching characteristics, have been effectively utilized as artificial neurons, or neuristors, to generate spiking activities. However, the implementation of intrinsic plasticity and its significance in neuromorphic computing has yet to be systematically explored.

New report of Calopodinae (Coleoptera, Oedemeridae) in South Korea, with description of a new species of the genus Dejean, 1821.

Background: Oedemeridae in Korea are represented by 25 species, all of which belong to the subfamily Oedemerinae Latreille, 1810. The other two subfamilies, Calopodinae Costa, 1852 and Polypriinae Lawrence, 2005, have not yet been documented in the region.

New Information: We here report the first record of the subfamily Calopodinae in Korea with the discovery of sp.

Postmortem Changes in mRNA Expression and Tissue Morphology in Brain and Femoral Muscle Tissues of Rat.

The postmortem interval (PMI), defined as the time elapsed between death and the discovery or examination of the body, is a crucial parameter in forensic science for estimating the time of death. There are many ways to measure the PMI, such as Henssge's nomogram, which uses rectal temperature measurement; livor mortis; rigor mortis; and forensic entomology. However, these methods are usually affected by various conditions in the surrounding environment.

Transparent and Robust Artificial Intelligence-Driven Electrocardiogram Model for Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction.

Heart failure (HF) is a growing global health burden, yet early detection remains challenging due to the limitations of traditional diagnostic tools such as electrocardiograms (ECGs). Recent advances in deep learning offer new opportunities to identify left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD), a key indicator of HF, from ECG data. This study validates AiTiALVSD, our previously developed artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled ECG Software as a Medical Device, for its accuracy, transparency, and robustness in detecting LVSD.

Overview of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network and Its Impact on Orthodontics.

Practice-Based Research Networks (PBRN) are optimal settings for research to be conducted in the real world of clinical practice where the majority of care is provided. In this narrative review, we provide an overview of the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network (Network), which is one of the largest and most successful Dental PBRNs, and its impact on orthodontics. The Network is currently in its third seven-year round of funding and has conducted 58 studies to date.

Impact of an immediate short waiting period on ultrasound-based ablative margin assessment following radiofrequency ablation for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate whether an immediate short waiting period after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) can improve the accuracy of ultrasound (US)-based assessment of the ablation zone in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted involving 41 patients who underwent USguided RFA for HCC. Tumor margin conspicuity, electrode tip visibility, and operator confidence in assessing the ablative margin were recorded immediately following electrode deactivation and at 1-minute intervals for 5 minutes.

The first multicenter study of robot-assisted breast-conserving surgery: insights from the KoREa-BSG group.

Background: Robot-assisted breast-conserving surgery has a potentially better cosmetic benefit than conventional breast-conserving surgery without any scarring on the breast. However, data on the feasibility and safety are limited. This study presents the results of early robot-assisted breast-conserving surgery.

In Vivo Monitoring of Hepatic Ischemia Using a Dual-Enzyme Activated Near-Infrared Fluorescence Probe.

Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a major complications associated with liver transplantation, contributing to graft rejection and liver dysfunction. Early detection of ischemic damage prior to reperfusion is crucial for improving clinical outcomes. While previous studies have primarily focused on detecting reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during IRI, specific detection of ischemic injury itself, characterized by hypoxia, remains underexplored.

Computed tomographic findings of splenic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma in a dog.

Splenic metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is rare. An 11-year-old neutered male Maltese dog was presented for HCC recurrence surveillance. The dog had a history of transarterial chemoembolization and resection of HCC in the left medial liver lobe and papillary process of the caudate liver lobe.

Mechanobiologically Engineered Mimicry of Extracellular Vesicles for Improved Systemic Biodistribution and Anti-Inflammatory Treatment Efficacy in Rheumatoid Arthritis.

Liposomal membrane elasticity is a controlling parameter in designing liposome-based drug delivery systems and significantly affects biodistribution and biofunctional effects. Although extensively investigated in tumor models, the impact of liposomal membrane elasticity on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remains underexplored. RA presents unique challenges, such as tortuous blood vessels, increased permeability, and chronic inflammation, which necessitate a specialized drug delivery strategy.

Defining STING-sterol interactions with chemoproteomics.

Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is an intracellular pattern recognition receptor that plays a key role in responding to cytosolic DNA and cyclic dinucleotides. STING activity is tightly regulated to avoid aberrant STING activity, excessive type I IFN responses, and resultant autoinflammatory disease. As such understanding the molecular events regulating STING activity is critical.

Effect of Surgical Position and Preoperative Antihypertensive Medication on the Incidence of Intraoperative Hypotension in Patients Undergoing Spine Surgery.

Background: Antihypertensive medications taken before surgery are associated with increased intraoperative hypotension, and patient positioning can further influence hemodynamics during surgery. However, the combined effects of antihypertensive medication use and patient positioning on intraoperative hypotension during spine surgery have not been clearly established.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the incidence of hypotension in patients undergoing spine surgery according to surgical position, antihypertensive drug use, and patient characteristics through a retrospective analysis of medical records.

Blocking YAP1-Liprin-β2 interaction impedes metastasis and promotes tumor suppression in head and neck squamous carcinoma.

Our research investigates the role of the YAP1-PPFIBP2 axis in the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its subsequent impact on invasion and migration in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Utilizing both in vitro assays and genomic analyses, we demonstrate that YAP1 upregulates EMT by suppressing PPFIBP2/liprin-β2 expression. This regulatory pathway contributes to enhanced invasiveness and correlates with poorer prognostic outcomes in HNSCC.