Primary temporal bone osteosarcoma presenting as a parotid tumor: A case report with diagnostic challenges.

Osteosarcoma rarely arises from the temporal bone, and few primary cases have been reported in adults. The prognosis of head and neck osteosarcoma is generally poor because of the complex anatomy in the region. Complete resection with negative margins is essential to adequately treat head and neck osteosarcoma.

Correlation between PD-L1 expression and FDG-PET/CT visual assessments in non-small cell lung cancer resected specimens.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the validity of fluorodeoxyglucose PET (FDG-PET) visual assessments to predict programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression levels in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Materials And Methods: One hundred and seven NSCLC patients who underwent FDG-PET/computed tomography (CT) scans and PD-L1 expression tests were retrospectively identified. Patients were divided into two groups according to PD-L1 expression: PD-L1 high group (PD-L1 tumor proportion score ≥50%) and PD-L1 low group (<50%).

Pilot study of a novel resection extent determination method using bone single-photon emission CT-standardized uptake value in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Objective: Surgery is the standard treatment for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). However, there are few reports on the appropriate extent of the bone resection. This pilot study explores the feasibility of a new method for estimating the extent of resection using bone single-photon emission CT (SPECT)-standardized uptake value (SUV).

Late-onset bone granulomatous reaction of hand from immune checkpoint-inhibitors detected on FDG-PET/CT.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) enhance antitumor immunity by inhibiting intrinsic immune-suppressive pathways. Although immune-related adverse events (irAEs) typically arise in the early phase of ICI therapy, delayed manifestations have been reported, even months to years following treatment discontinuation. We report a case of a late-onset bone granulomatous reaction in the hand of a male patient in his seventies with a history of ICI therapy, identified on FDG-PET/CT, 4 years after discontinuation of ICI therapy.

Influences of radiographic silicosis and drug supervisor on the development of multi drug resistant-tuberculosis in West Java, Indonesia.

Background: Indonesia is among countries with a high incidence of multi drug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) globally. In this study, we aim to determine the prevalence of silico-tuberculosis among TB patients and to investigate the association of radiographic silicosis and the role of drug supervisor as well as other socio-clinical factors, in the development of MDR-TB in Indonesia.

Methods: A hospital-based study in West Java among 148 MDR-TB patients (case) and 164 drug-sensitive/DS-TB patients (control) was conducted.

Development of a novel phantom for evaluating jawbone SPECT targeting medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Objective: We developed a new phantom for technical evaluation of jawbone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) examinations for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). In this study, we verified the utility of the phantom by determining optimal image reconstruction parameters.

Methods: We evaluated the image quality and quantification in jawbone SPECT images obtained by different reconstruction parameters using the phantom.

Difference in arterial FDG accumulation in healthy study participants between digital PET/CT and standard PET/CT.

Objective: To evaluate the differences in FDG accumulation in arteries throughout the body between digital and standard PET/CT.

Methods: Forty-six people who had FDG-PET examinations with a digital PET/CT scanner for health screening between April 2020 and March 2021 and had previous examinations with a standard PET/CT scanner were the study participants. FDG accumulation in arteries throughout the body was visually assessed in each segment.

Spontaneous regression of small cell lung cancer associated with Lambert-Eaton Myasthenic Syndrome: Case report.

Spontaneous regression (SR) of cancer is very rare, especially of small cell lung cancer (SCLC). Recently, an association of paraneoplastic neurological syndrome (PNS) has been reported as a cause of SR of cancer, and onconeural antibodies are a possible factor in the SR of cancer associated with PNS. We herein report the first case of SR of SCLC combined with anti-P/Q-type of voltage-gated calcium channel (VGCC) antibody-positive Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome (LEMS), a subtype of PNS.

A case of pulmonary pleomorphic carcinoma associated with cystic airspace.

Lung cancer associated with a cystic airspace is frequently misdiagnosed or overlooked. Adenocarcinoma, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, is the most typical histologic type of lung cancer connected to a cystic airspace. Here we present the rare case of lung pleomorphic carcinoma associated with a cystic airspace.

Predicting the pathological invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma prior to surgery using Deauville criteria: reliability and validity.

Purpose: This retrospective study aimed to investigate the validity and reliability of FDG-PET/CT visual assessment using Deauville criteria to predict pathological invasiveness of early lung adenocarcinoma prior to surgery.

Materials And Methods: Between April 2020 and January 2022, 51 patients who underwent surgery for pathological stage 0/I lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The pulmonary lesions were divided into two groups according to pathological invasiveness: less invasive (including adenocarcinoma in situ and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma and invasive adenocarcinoma.

Perceptual and objective physical quality of chest images: a comparison between digital radiographic chest images processed for cancer screening and pneumoconiosis screening in Japan.

This study (1) evaluated the perceptual and objective physical quality of digital radiographic chest images processed for different purposes (routine hospital use, lung cancer screening, and pneumoconiosis screening), and (2) quantified objectively the quality of chest images visually graded by the Japan National Federation of Industrial Health Organization (ZENEIREN). Four observers rated the images using a visual grading score (VGS) according to ZENEIREN's quality criteria. Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were measured.

18F FDG-PET/CT analysis of spread through air spaces (STAS) in clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to investigate the utility of F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F FDG-PET/CT) to predict spread through air spaces (STAS) in clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma.

Methods: Between April 2020 and January 2022, 52 patients (55 lesions) who underwent surgery for clinical stage I lung adenocarcinoma were enrolled. The lesions were divided into two groups according to the presence of STAS.

A case of maxillary cancer treated by intra-arterial therapy using a steerable microcatheter.

We report on a 69-year-old man with locally-advanced left maxillary sinus cancer who underwent treatment with intra-arterial chemoradiotherapy. Angiography showed that the main feeding arteries were the left maxillary artery and the ophthalmic artery, arising from the internal carotid artery. Due to acute branching of the ophthalmic artery, conventional microcatheters could not be inserted.

Evaluation of pleural lesions after pleurodesis with OK-432 by fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography/CT.

Objective: This study aimed to determine changes in FDG-PET/CT after pleurodesis with OK-432 and to investigate differences in the changes between non-malignant and malignant lesions.

Methods: Study participants were 17 patients with a history of malignant chest disease who underwent FDG-PET/CT after pleurodesis using OK-432 and in whom pleural lesions were determined to be non-malignant (n = 8) or malignant (n = 9). FDG uptake (SUV) was counted on all pleural lesions.

Efficacy of arterial infusion of iodized oil on CT-guided cryoablation for renal cell carcinoma.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of the transarterial infusion of iodized oil and gelatin particles for marking before CT-guided percutaneous cryoablation (PCA) in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

Material And Methods: This study included ten patients (seven men, three women; mean age 53 years) with 13 RCCs between July 2016 and September 2017. The transarterial infusion of iodized oil and gelatin particles was considered successful when iodized oil accumulated in the target area on CT.

Time-Dependent Effects of Cryoablation for Renal Tumor on Overall and Split Renal Function.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of percutaneous cryoablation for renal cell carcinoma on function of the affected kidney.

Materials And Methods: Between June 2016 and September 2017 at our institution, 12 inoperable patients underwent 15 cryoablation sessions for 17 small renal tumors. Of these, 9 patients who underwent 11 sessions of cryoablation were the focus of this study.

Comparison of MRI and I-FP-CIT SPECT for the evaluation of MSA-P clinical severity.

The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and I-labeled 2β-carbomethoxy-3β-(4-iodophenyl)-N-(3-fluoropropyl)nortropane single photon emission computed tomography (I-FP-CIT SPECT) for determining the clinical severity of patients with multiple system atrophy with Parkinsonism (MSA-P). MRI and I-FP-CIT SPECT images from 17 patients with MSA-P as diagnosed using the Unified MSA Rating Scale part IV (UMSARS IV) score were compared. Brain MRI scans were available for all 17 patients and I-FP-CIT SPECT images were available for 12 patients.

Remote effects in the ipsilateral thalamus and/or contralateral cerebellar hemisphere using FDG PET in patients with brain tumors.

Purpose: To evaluate reduced metabolism in the ipsilateral thalamus (TH) and/or contralateral cerebellum (CE) according to tumor localization and cortical metabolism around the tumor in patients with brain tumors based on FDG uptake.

Methods: This study investigated 48 consecutive patients with solitary cerebral hemisphere parenchymal brain tumors who underwent PET/CT and MRI. Patients were divided into 4 groups (A: reduced uptake in ipsilateral TH and contralateral CE, B: reduced uptake in ipsilateral TH only, C: reduced uptake in contralateral CE only, and D: no reduced uptake in ipsilateral TH or contralateral CE).

Prediction of the ablated area prior to radiofrequency ablation for liver tumor under CT guidance.

Purpose: To evaluate the usefulness of a method we developed to predict the ablation area at the time of CT guided radiofrequency (RF) ablation for liver tumors on a CT workstation.

Material And Methods: Ten tumors (mean diameter 15.5 mm, range, 9.

Use of proximal side-hole micro-balloon catheter in transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization.

We report on a 70-year-old man with unresectable multiple hepatocellular carcinomas who underwent treatment with transcatheter hepatic arterial chemoembolization. In treating a tumor in segment 1 of the liver, the proximal side-hole micro-balloon catheter, which has been newly developed, was useful.