COVID-19 global risk evaluation: rankings, reducing surveillance bias, and infodemic.

This study examines how public health institutions estimate regional COVID-19 burdens, pursuing two primary objectives: (1) to analyze the methodologies employed for regional risk assessment, and (2) to perform spatial and Spearman rank correlation analyses of risk metrics that incorporate testing data across 101 countries. Classification methods used to assess COVID-19 risk often treat testing as a secondary, qualitative factor, overlooking its value as a quantitative input. Integrating testing data with case counts can improve the accuracy of regional infection probability estimates.

Relative Effectiveness and Safety of the GLP-1 (Glucagon-Like Peptide 1) Receptor Agonists, Semaglutide and Liraglutide in the Treatment of Obese Type 2 Diabetics: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study in Poland.

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of semaglutide and liraglutide over one year in obese Polish patients with type 2 diabetes.

Patients And Methods: In this prospective, observational cohort study conducted in Poland in 2024, 460 patients aged 18-80 were enrolled: 333 received semaglutide (Group 1), and 133 received liraglutide (Group 2).

Results: After 12 months, HbA1c levels significantly decreased in both groups: Group 1: from 6.

Chemotherapy efficacy in advanced melanoma patients after failure of immune checkpoint and BRAF/MEK inhibitors.

Introduction: Despite the introduction of new therapies for the treatment of advanced melanoma, treatment is ineffective for a certain number of patients. The efficacy of chemotherapy after failure of anti-programmed death receptor (PD-1) immunotherapy alone or combined with anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen (CTLA) is not fully understood. It is believed that due to the immunomodulatory effect of cytostatic agents, its efficacy may be greater when applied after the failure of immunotherapy.

Irisin - a new biomarker for endometrial cancer?

Objectives: Irisin is an adipomyokine that has an inhibitory effect on inflammation and possesses anticancer activity. It inhibits cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion through various signaling pathways associated with carcinogenesis. It has been described to be associated with a number of malignancies in various locations.

The qualitative motor assessment at three months allows a better prognosis than the traction test.

The study was conducted prospectively on 107 children (74 boys). Eighty-three children were born at term (39 ± 1), 24 were born prematurely (33 ± 4). The study included the qualitative assessment at three months of age, eye contact and traction response assessment, and the quantitative assessment at 3, 9, and 16 months of age.

Opinion Mining of Erowid's Experience Reports on LSD and Psilocybin-Containing Mushrooms.

Background: Psychedelics are gaining attention for their therapeutic potential in modern and personalized medicine. Online forums such as Erowid provide valuable user insights, but analyses of these experiences using natural language processing (NLP) remain scarce.

Objective: This study aims to utilize NLP, including sentiment and lexicon analysis, to examine user-generated experience reports on psilocybin-containing mushrooms and LSD from the Erowid forum.

Is There Any Association Between Fat Body Mass and Bone Mineral Density in Patients with Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis?

: The study aimed to investigate the association between fat body mass and bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, and total body. : We studied 95 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 68 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 40 healthy adults (control group-CG) aged 18-50 years old. The BMD of lumbar spine and femoral neck was assessed as well as body composition.

Efficacy of selected scales in the assessment of impaired awareness of hypoglycemia in adults with type 1 diabetes.

Introduction: Impaired awareness of hypoglycemia (IAH) increases the risk of severe hypoglycemia. Questionnaires may allow for easy identification of patients with IAH and facilitate appropriate interventions.

Objectives: This study aims to assess the clinical utility of the questionnaires commonly used for diagnosing IAH, providing practical insight for medical professionals.

Plasma leukocyte-derived extracellular vesicles are related to target vessel revascularization in off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.

Introduction: In multivessel coronary disease, interventional therapy is recommended to improve symptoms and survival. Inflammatory activation is postulated as one of the coronary atherosclerosis progression risk factors and prognostic indicators of surgical intervention. Counts of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets are elevated in patients with inflammatory diseases, including atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular diseases.

The other side of celiac disease - assessment of bone mineral density and body composition in patients with celiac disease.

Introduction: Decreased bone mineral density (BMD) is one of the most frequent extraintestinal symptoms of celiac disease (CD).

Aim: The study aimed to investigate BMD, body composition, 25(OH)D, and ionised calcium blood parameters, and to compare them between women with CD and healthy individuals.

Material And Methods: The study covered 30 adult women with CD and 28 healthy controls.

NHC-Au-xanthate complexes.

We report the synthesis, isolation, and comprehensive characterization of N-heterocyclic carbene gold xanthate (NHC-Au-X, X - xanthate) complexes. These easily accessible complexes demonstrate significant versatility as photocatalysts, facilitating [2+2]-cycloadditions, and as π-catalysts in the intramolecular hydroxylation of allenes and hydrohydrazination of alkynes.

Investigating the involvement of the left and right hemisphere in speech production and its correlation with handedness - a repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation study.

Purpose: While traditional theories suggest a link between language lateralization and handedness, recent evidence indicates more complex neural networks underlying speech processing. This study aimed to investigate the involvement of the left and right hemispheres in speech production using repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS).

Methods: A cohort of 58 healthy volunteers with a median age of 23 (range 19-34) were included in the study.

Diabetic Neuropathy Is Related to Rhinencephalon Degeneration in Adults With Type 1 Diabetes.

We aimed to assess neurodegenerative changes in the rhinencephalon via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and relate it to olfactory function and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Individuals aged 18-65 with T1D duration over 10 years and control healthy subjects underwent olfactory assessment using Sniffin'Sticks and brain MRI to assess volumetric measurements of the olfactory bulbs and piriform cortex thickness. 32 T1D (24 males) aged 43.

The Prevalence and Correlates of Anxiety, Stress, Mood Disorders, and Sleep Disturbances in Poland after the Outbreak of the Russian-Ukrainian War 2022.

Background: The conflict of the Russian-Ukrainian War that began on 24 February 2022 has profoundly changed Europe. The primary objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of anxiety, stress, depression, and insomnia among a group of surveyed Poles in the first months after the outbreak of war in 2022. The secondary goal was to analyze potential risk factors for these mental disorders.

Long-Term Survival after Coronary Artery Surgical Revascularization-Does Ambient Temperature Matter?

The progression of global warming results in an increased exposure to extreme heat, leading to exaggeration of preexisting diseases and premature deaths. The aim of the study was to present possible risk factors for all-cause long-term mortality in patients who underwent surgical revascularization, including an assessment of the influence of ambient temperature exposure. Retrospective analysis included 153 (123 (80%) males and 30 (20%) females) patients who underwent off-pump revascularization and were followed for a median time of 2533 (1035-3250) days.

Demographical and Clinical Factors Predictive for Aortic Dilatation. When should we be Concerned about the Size?

Background: Thoracic aortic aneurysms are often an accidental finding and result from a degenerative process. Medical therapy includes pharmacological control of arterial hypertension and smoking cessation, that slows the growth of aneurysms. An association between the dilatation of the ascending and abdominal aorta has been already reported.

Increasing trend of childhood type 1 diabetes incidence: 20-year observation from Greater Poland Province, Poland.

Aim: Type 1 diabetes is one of the fastest-growing chronic health conditions. Estimating the incidence rate of childhood type 1 diabetes will allow to aid in adequate planning of health care resources. The study's aim was to assess the incidence rate of type 1 diabetes in children below 15 years of age from Greater Poland (Poland) between 2006 and 2018, and then to compare obtained data to records collected between 1998 and 2003 in pediatric population aged 0-14 years from the same area.

Left main coronary artery disease treated with beating heart surgery: 10-year single center results.

Introduction: Left main (LM) coronary disease is believed to represent a complex, advanced, and potentially life-threatening atherosclerotic syndrome that can be treated by either percutaneous or surgical interventions. Despite its satisfactory results, the declined number of off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (OPCAB) is observed.

Aim: To compare 10-year survival and point out possible mortality risk factors in patients referred for left main and multivessel OPCAB surgery followed by transit time bypass measurements.

The Protective Effect of the Crosstalk between Zinc Hair Concentration and Lymphocyte Count-Preliminary Report.

Background: An imbalance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms is indicated in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic plaque. The coronary artery and carotid disease, despite sharing similar risk factors, are developed separately. The aim of this study was to analyze possible mechanisms between trace element hair-scalp concentrations and whole blood counts that favor atherosclerotic plaque progression in certain locations.

Diagnostic and prognostic role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in metastatic melanoma patients with BRAF gene mutation receiving BRAF and MEK inhibitors.

Melanoma is a cancer with a high incidence rate that, despite the significant development of therapeutic options, still remains a major problem. The identification of biomarkers to select the right therapy for the right patient is one of the possibilities to improve the prognosis of patients. Potentially, the function of biomarkers could be played long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs).

Cultural Divergence in Psychedelic Use among Medical Students: An ESPAD-Adapted Survey among Poles and Iraqis.

Psychedelics can profoundly alter cognition and consciousness. Their use in Middle Eastern countries, including Iraq, is ambiguous. We aim to investigate psychedelic awareness and use among Iraqi and Polish medical students.

Comparing Mfd- and UvrD-dependent models of transcription coupled DNA repair in live Escherichia coli using single-molecule tracking.

During transcription-coupled DNA repair (TCR) the detection of DNA damage and initiation of nucleotide excision repair (NER) is performed by translocating RNA polymerases (RNAP), which are arrested upon encountering bulky DNA lesions. Two opposing models of the subsequent steps of TCR in bacteria exist. In the first model, stalled RNAPs are removed from the damage site by recruitment of Mfd which dislodges RNAP by pushing it forwards before recruitment of UvrA and UvrB.

Anisocytosis as a possible predictor of low cardiac output syndrome in children undergoing mitral valve surgery.

Purpose: Mitral valve surgery in children involves correcting congenital and acquired pathologies, with a reported mortality rate of 0.9%. Low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS) is a serious complication with the incidence of 20-25%.

Effects of Age-Dependent Hormonal Changes and Estrogen Supplementation on Voice in Girls with Anorexia Nervosa-Preliminary Report.

Introduction: Human development includes lots of physical and emotional changes. The human voice depends on age. Voice production is a complex physiological and acoustic phenomenon that depends on many factors such as structure, hormone level, degree of fatigue or nutrition and hydration of the body, systemic diseases, and emotional state.

Inhaler use technique course: an effective postgraduate training solution for pharmacists to enhance therapeutic outcomes as part of patient education.

Background: Patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease could benefit from education on using inhalers provided by pharmacists. However, pharmacists may have limited competencies, indicating the necessity to implement appropriate postgraduate courses. The study aimed to evaluate an inhaler use course for pharmacists, including its impact on participants' knowledge and satisfaction.