Comparative analysis of isolated male epispadias: concealed versus nonconcealed cases in a Chinese tertiary hospital.

Isolated male epispadias typically presents with preputial defects and dorsal urethral dehiscence. A less common subtype, known as concealed epispadias, is distinguished by an intact prepuce. Despite its clinical relevance, there is limited literature on this variant.

A retrospective study comprising 228 cases of pediatric scalp and skull lesions.

Background: Most neurosurgery presentations in children present with a mass that may be scalp and skull lesions, including neoplastic and congenital malformed structural lesions, respectively. Clinicians should make early diagnoses and identify cases requiring surgical intervention promptly to help achieve a better prognosis.

Method: This study retrospectively reviewed studies on children's scalp and skull lesions within a pediatric medical center's department of neurosurgery.

Reduced cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury by hypothermic reperfusion via activation of transient receptor potential M8 channel.

Aims: To investigate the cardioprotective effects of hypothermic (25 °C) reperfusion on ischemia/reperfusion injury and the role of transient potential channel M8 (TRPM8) in this process.

Main Methods: Western blot and real-time PCR were used to monitor the expression of TRPM8 in myocardium. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury was induced by 30 min of global ischemia followed by 120 min of reperfusion in Langendorff-perfused hearts from Sprague-Dawley rats.