cold shock proteins suppress bacterial effector translocation in .

Introduction: Plants detect the invasion of microbial pathogens through pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Cold shock proteins (CSPs) are a class of PAMPs specifically recognized by plants. While peptide inoculation studies have revealed the effects of CSPs, their roles remain poorly understood.

Lanthanide-Doped KMgF Upconversion Nanoparticles for Photon Avalanche Luminescence with Giant Nonlinearities.

Lanthanide (Ln)-doped photon avalanche (PA) upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have great prospects in many advanced technologies; however, realizing efficient PA luminescence in Ln-doped UCNPs remains challenging due to the deleterious surface and lattice quenching effect. Herein, we report a unique strategy based on the pyrolysis of KHF for the controlled synthesis of aliovalent Ln-doped KMgF UCNPs, which can effectively protect Ln from luminescence quenching by surface and internal OH defects and thereby boost upconversion luminescence. This enables us to realize efficient PA luminescence from Tm at 802 nm in KMgF: Tm UCNPs upon 1064 nm excitation, with a giant nonlinearity of ∼27, a PA response time of 281 ms, and an excitation threshold of 16.

Efficient Near-Infrared Luminescence in Lanthanide-Doped Vacancy-Ordered Double Perovskite Cs ZrCl Phosphors via Te Sensitization.

All-inorganic lead-free perovskite-derivative metal halides have shown great promise in optoelectronics, however, it remains challenging to realize efficient near-infrared (NIR) luminescence in these materials. Herein, we report a novel strategy based on Te /Ln (Ln=Er, Nd, and Yb) co-doping to achieve efficient NIR luminescence in vacancy-ordered double perovskite Cs ZrCl phosphors, which are excitable by a low-cost near-ultraviolet light-emitting diode (LED) chip. Through sensitization by the spin-orbital allowed S → P transition of Te , intense and multi-wavelength NIR luminescence originating from the 4f→4f transitions of Er , Nd , and Yb was acquired, with a quantum yield of 6.

Broadband NIR photostimulated luminescence nanoprobes based on CaS:Eu,Sm nanocrystals.

Near-infrared (NIR) photostimulated luminescence (PSL) nanocrystals (NCs) have recently evoked considerable interest in the field of biomedicine, but are currently limited by the controlled synthesis of efficient PSL NCs. Herein, we report for the first time the controlled synthesis of CaS:Eu,Sm NIR PSL NCs through a high-temperature co-precipitation method. The role of Sm co-doping and the effect of thermal annealing on the optical properties of the NCs as well as the charging and discharging processes, the trap depth distribution, and the underlying PSL mechanism are comprehensively surveyed by means of photoluminescence, persistent luminescence, thermoluminescence, and PSL spectroscopies.

Unraveling the Electronic Structures of Neodymium in LiLuF Nanocrystals for Ratiometric Temperature Sensing.

Nd-doped near-infrared (NIR) luminescent nanocrystals (NCs) have shown great promise in various bioapplications. A fundamental understanding of the electronic structures of Nd in NCs is of vital importance for discovering novel Nd-activated luminescent nanoprobes and exploring their new applications. Herein, the electronic structures of Nd in LiLuF NCs are unraveled by means of low-temperature and high-resolution optical spectroscopy.

A New Class of Blue-LED-Excitable NIR-II Luminescent Nanoprobes Based on Lanthanide-Doped CaS Nanoparticles.

Lanthanide (Ln )-doped luminescent nanoparticles (NPs) with emission in the second near-infrared (NIR-II) biological window have shown great promise but their applications are currently limited by the low absorption efficiency of Ln owing to the parity-forbidden 4f→4f electronic transition. Herein, we developed a strategy for the controlled synthesis of a new class of NIR-II luminescent nanoprobes based on Ce /Er and Ce /Nd co-doped CaS NPs, which can be effectively excited by using a low-cost blue light-emitting diode chip. Through sensitization by the allowed 4f→5d transition of Ce , intense NIR-II luminescence from Er and Nd with quantum yields of 9.