The impact of intuitive eating on the association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms and disordered eating among women who have experienced intimate partner violence (IPV).

Objective: Trauma exposure is associated with disordered eating, with recent evidence suggesting PTSD symptoms may be a more proximal predictor. Intuitive eating is a well-established protective factor against disordered eating; however, no previous studies have assessed whether intuitive eating buffers the association between PTSD symptoms and disordered eating.

Methods: Two hundred sixteen women who had experienced intimate partner violence (IPV) and were residing at a domestic violence shelter completed a survey.

Weight change in a national cohort of U.S. Military Veterans engaged in medication treatment for opioid use disorder.

Medication treatments for opioid use disorder (MOUD) save lives and improve outcomes for countless individuals. However, data suggest the potential for significant weight gain during methadone treatment and little is known about weight change during buprenorphine treatment. Using Veteran Health Administration administrative data from fiscal year 2017 to fiscal year 2019, two cohorts were created: 1) Veterans diagnosed with opioid use disorder (OUD) taking methadone (N = 1425); and 2) Veterans diagnosed with OUD taking buprenorphine (N = 3756).

Weight change among patients engaged in medication treatment for opioid use disorder: a scoping review.

Medication treatment for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is an instrumental tool in combatting opioid use and overdose. Excess weight gain associated with MOUD initiation is a potential barrier that is not well understood. Conduct a scoping review of available studies investigating the effect of MOUD on weight.

The impact of body image dissatisfaction on psychological distress and health-related quality of life among patients in methadone treatment.

Background And Objectives: Minimal research has examined body image dissatisfaction (BID) among patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). We tested associations between BID and MMT quality indicators (psychological distress, mental and physical health-related quality of life [HRQoL]) and whether these associations varied by gender.

Methods: One hundred and sixty-four participants (n = 164) in MMT completed self-report measures of body mass index (BMI), BID, and MMT quality indicators.

Childhood Adversity, Addiction Severity, and Comorbidity Among Patients Receiving Opioid Use Disorder Treatment: The Role of Emotion Regulation.

Patients in opioid use disorder (OUD) treatment report high rates of childhood adversity, and women experience greater exposure to certain types of childhood adversity ( e.g. , sexual abuse).

Co-occurring alcohol use disorder and obesity in U.S. military veterans: Prevalence, risk factors, and clinical features.

Obesity and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are two of the most prevalent and costly clinical conditions among U.S. military veterans, and these conditions often co-occur.

Associations between average step counts, variability in step counts and nonhomeostatic eating.

Purpose: Nonhomeostatic drives (e.g., reward and negative emotion) for eating are associated with weight gain over time.

Examining impairment and distress from food addiction across demographic and weight groups.

Rates of food addiction (FA) vary across weight and demographic groups. Factors influencing discrepant prevalence rates are largely unknown. Rates of clinically significant distress or impairment also vary across demographic groups, yet prior studies have overlooked the diagnostic significance of distress/impairment in heterogenous groups.

Considering Food Addiction through a Cultural Lens.

Purpose Of Review: Research suggests that cultural factors influence eating behaviors, however little is known about the relationship between food addiction and culture. This narrative review aimed to i) review theoretically related work on the relationship between sociocultural demographic variables, food cravings, and eating disorders; ii) review the available literature assessing cultural aspects of food addiction, specifically the rates of food addiction across the globe and notable differences in relevant sociodemographic variables: race, ethnicity, gender and acculturation level; iii) discuss the potential impact of culture on our current understanding of food addiction and future research directions emphasizing the inclusion of sociocultural variables.

Recent Findings: Preliminary data suggest that food addiction symptoms occur cross-culturally, and that there may be significant differences between sociodemographic groups.

Disordered eating following bariatric surgery: a review of measurement and conceptual considerations.

Eating disorders are associated with significant medical morbidity and mortality and serious psychological impairment. Individuals seeking bariatric surgery represent a high-risk group for evidencing disordered eating and eating disorders, with some patients experiencing the persistence or onset of disordered eating postsurgery. This review synthesizes the available literature on problematic or disordered eating in the bariatric field, followed by a review of measurement and conceptual considerations related to the use of eating disorder assessment tools within the bariatric population.

Impulsivity and compulsivity in binge eating disorder: A systematic review of behavioral studies.

Background: Binge eating disorder (BED) often includes impulsive and compulsive behaviors related to eating behavior and food. Impulsivity and compulsivity generally may contribute to the etiology and maintenance of multiple psychiatric disorders including BED. This review aimed to identify and synthesize available behavioral studies of impulsivity and compulsivity among individuals with BED.

Substance Use, Gambling, Binge-Eating, and Hypersexuality Symptoms Among Patients Receiving Opioid Agonist Therapies.

Background And Objectives: Patients receiving opioid agonist therapies have high rates of psychiatric comorbidity. Some data suggest that comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. The current study assessed predictors of multiple putative addictive behaviors among patients receiving opioid agonist therapies.

Examining heterogeneity of binge-eating disorder using latent class analysis.

There is significant variability in the type and severity of symptoms reported by individuals diagnosed with binge-eating disorder (BED). Using latent class analysis (LCA), the current study aimed to investigate potential sources of heterogeneity among individuals with BED. Participants were 775 treatment-seeking adults with DSM-IV-defined BED.

Development and Validation of the Recognizing Addictive Disorders Scale: A Transdiagnostic Measure of Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders.

Substance use disorders and behavioral addictions commonly co-occur. However, few available self-report measures reliably and validly assess the full range of addictive conditions. The development and initial validation of a new measure-Recognizing Addictive Disorders (RADs) scale addresses a significant gap in the literature.

Examining the construct validity of food addiction severity specifiers.

Purpose: Food addiction (FA) is related to greater body mass index (BMI), eating-disorder psychopathology, food craving, and psychosocial impairment. Less is known regarding the utility of the FA severity specifiers, as measured by the number of symptoms endorsed on the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS 2.0).

Race, Ethnicity, and Clinical Features of Alcohol Use Disorder Among US Military Veterans: Results From the National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study.

Background And Objectives: Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is highly prevalent in US military veterans, though little is known about whether the psychiatric comorbidities and functional outcomes (ie, clinical features) of AUD differ across race/ethnic groups. We aimed to identify differences in the clinical features of veterans with AUD by race/ethnicity.

Methods: In a sample of veterans with AUD (n = 1212) from the nationally representative National Health and Resilience in Veterans Study, we compared the clinical features associated with AUD across racial/ethnic groups using analysis of covariance and logistic regression.

Induced illusory body ownership in borderline personality disorder.

One aspect of selfhood that may have relevance for borderline personality disorder (BPD) is variation in sense of body ownership. We employed the rubber hand illusion to manipulate sense of body ownership in BPD. We extended previous research on illusory body ownership in BPD by testing: (i) two illusion conditions: asynchronous and synchronous stimulation, (ii) relationship between illusion experience and BPD symptoms, and (iii) relationship between illusion experience and maladaptive personality traits.

Psychometric properties of the eating loss of control scale among postbariatric patients.

Background: Assessing the complexities of eating behaviors in patients who undergo bariatric surgery is challenging. The Eating Loss of Control Scale (ELOCS), a measure of loss-of-control (LOC) eating, has not yet been evaluated psychometrically among bariatric surgery patients.

Objective: This study presents a psychometric examination of the ELOCS in postoperative bariatric surgery patients.

Examining Sleep Quality Following Sleeve Gastrectomy Among Patients with Loss-of-Control Eating.

Background: Sleep is associated with post-bariatric surgical outcomes; however, little is known about sleep in bariatric patients with loss-of-control (LOC) eating, a consistent predictor of poorer weight outcomes. This study examined sleep quality and clinical correlates in sleeve gastrectomy patients with LOC eating.

Methods: Participants (N = 145) were treatment-seeking post-operative sleeve gastrectomy patients with LOC eating.

Examining physical activity and correlates in adults with healthy weight, overweight/obesity, or binge-eating disorder.

Objective: To examine physical activity and correlates among three subgroups of adults: healthy weight without binge eating (HW), overweight/obesity without binge eating (OW/OB), and core features of binge-eating disorder (BED).

Method: Participants (N = 2,384) completed an online survey with established measures of physical activity, eating psychopathology, and health. Most participants were White (82.

Correlates of Treatment Retention and Opioid Misuse Among Postpartum Women in Methadone Treatment.

Objectives: The postpartum period is a particularly challenging time for women in methadone treatment. Unfortunately, this is also the time when women are vulnerable to treatment discontinuation and opioid misuse. The purpose of the present exploratory study was to examine demographic, treatment, and delivery factors that may be associated with postbirth retention in treatment and opioid misuse.

Measurement Invariance of the Modified Yale Food Addiction Scale 2.0 Across Gender and Racial Groups.

Food addiction reflects a substance use disorder framework, suggesting certain foods (e.g., high-fat, high-sugar foods) may trigger an addictive-like eating response in vulnerable individuals.

Client and clinician-rated characteristics of problem gamblers with and without history of gambling-related illegal behaviors.

Individuals with gambling disorder are at an elevated risk for engaging in gambling-related illegal behaviors. The present study examined client (N = 88) and clinician ratings (N = 30) of client characteristics associated with a history of gambling-related illegal behaviors. We also examined client characteristics associated with history of arrest for a gambling-related crime.

Contingency management interventions for tobacco and other substance use disorders in pregnancy.

Contingency management (CM) is an effective intervention for reducing use of licit and illicit substances in a variety of populations. Pregnant women are a vulnerable population with much to gain from effective interventions for substance use disorders, and for whom CM interventions may be especially well-suited. We reviewed the literature on CM interventions among pregnant women with tobacco and other substance use disorders with 3 aims: (a) describe the effectiveness of CM for reducing use of tobacco and other substances during pregnancy, (b) describe the effects of CM interventions on infant outcomes, and (c) identify needs for future research on CM in pregnancy.