Experiences and barriers to alcohol use disorder treatment among adults with and without self-reported executive functioning challenges: A mixed-methods study.

Background: Executive functioning (EF)-the ability to plan, organize, and complete goal-directed tasks-plays a critical role in the onset and course of alcohol use disorder (AUD). Individuals with AUD often report challenges in EF domains, such as initiating, planning, and performing key tasks, including seeking, engaging in, and adhering to treatment. While AUD treatment efficacy is well-established, little is known about individuals' lived experiences with AUD treatment, especially among those with EF challenges.

Study protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial of transcranial direct current stimulation paired with reappraisal training for treatment of cannabis use disorder.

Introduction: As legalization of cannabis products continues, cannabis use becomes more prevalent, and concerns regarding cannabis use disorder (CUD) rise, improving CUD treatment has become increasingly important. Techniques used to regulate emotions, such as cognitive reappraisal, may help manage cravings for cannabis in individuals with CUD. Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), a noninvasive brain stimulation technique, may improve regulation of emotions and reduce substance use.

Characterizing Profiles of Substance Use and Addictive Behaviors Among High School Students: A Latent Class Analysis.

Background: Adolescence is a critical period for experimenting with substances and addictive behaviors. Early initiation and co-occurrence of these behaviors are associated with adverse mental health, academic, and social outcomes/measures, underscoring the importance of identifying distinct patterns. We investigated correlates of substance use, gambling, and high-frequency screen time from a representative school-based survey.

Assessment of applications for reprocessing single-use devices: Experiences from Taiwan.

Background: Reprocessing single-use medical devices (SUDs) is a common procedure worldwide. However, standardized guidelines are needed to ensure the quality and safety of reprocessed SUDs.

Aim: This study aimed to examine the factors associated with SUD reprocessing in Taiwanese medical settings.

The Relationship Between Vitamin D and the Development and Treatment of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Purpose Of Review: This review explores the role of vitamin D in the pathophysiology and management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Given the localization of Vitamin D receptors in brain regions implicated in ADHD and vitamin D's role in neurotransmitter regulation, this review synthesizes research that examines vitamin D's relationship to the development and therapeutic outcomes of ADHD.

Recent Findings: A systematic literature search resulted in the selection of seven reviews meeting the inclusion criteria.

Sex Moderates Relationships Between Alcohol Use Disorder, Brain Structure, and Perceived Emotional Support in Young Adults.

Objectives: Social support is associated with myriad health benefits, including recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD). Understanding its neural features may aid in intervention development. However, most neuroimaging studies investigating social support do not consider potential neuroanatomical differences related to sex and AUD, even though both factors have been related to social support.

Larger Neural Responses to Reward in Gambling Disorder: Relationships with Depression and Gambling Severity.

Background: For most people, gambling is a type of entertainment that engages pleasure, risk, and reward drives. However, some individuals develop gambling disorder (GD), a behavioral addiction involving continued gambling despite negative consequences. Disturbances in reward neurocircuitry have been implicated in GD, but are not well-characterized, including how neural alterations relate to clinical symptomatology of GD and commonly co-occurring presentations such as depression.

Rates of Prescription Fentanyl Misuse and Correlated Mental Health, Social, and Service Utilization Factors Among Adults in the United States, 2021.

Background: Misuse of fentanyl, a powerful synthetic opioid, can lead to severe consequences, including overdose and death. This study examined sociodemographic, mental health, and service utilization factors associated with past-year fentanyl misuse in the United States.

Methods: We utilized the 2021 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative sample of the non-institutionalized U.

Sex Differences in Illicitly Manufactured Fentanyl Use: Prevalence and Sociodemographic, Health, and Environmental Correlates.

Objectives: Illegally manufactured fentanyl use (IMFU) constitutes a public health concern. Understanding sex differences in IMFU can help plan population-based interventions.

Methods: We utilized the 2022 National Survey on Drug Use and Health, a nationally representative sample of the noninstitutionalized US population, to examine sex differences in IMFU and how IMFU relates to sociodemographic and health characteristics.

Cannabis and Cannabinoids for Treating Pain: What Are the Data?

Cannabis is the most used federally illicit drug in the United States. Although cannabis use is associated with serious health consequences including cognitive dysfunction, memory problems, psychosis, and hyperemesis, and there is scant clinical evidence to support its use as a medicine, it is nevertheless being widely promoted to treat a wide range of health conditions including chronic pain. Currently, the body of clinical research taken together does not support the use of cannabis in any dosage form for treating any pain, particularly given the potential adverse effects.

Applying the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution Model to Addictive Behaviors in East Asian Countries: Feasibility and Considerations.

Objectives: This study explored how the Interaction of Person-Affect-Cognition-Execution (I-PACE) model can explain and address addictive behaviors in East Asian contexts.

Methods: Over the past decades, articles published in peer-reviewed journals were identified and reviewed by searching academic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. These articles were related to the I-PACE model and considered data from other Asian jurisdictions.

A Narrative Review of Nicotine and Alcohol Addiction Recovery Content on TikTok.

Objectives: Adolescent substance use remains a public health concern, and social media platforms may serve as potential intervention targets. The objective of this review is to characterize studies on anti-substance use and/or pro-recovery content on the TikTok social media platform.

Methods: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were searched for articles using search strings related to TikTok and substance use.

The Relationships of Early Use of Marijuana With Substance Use and Violence in Adolescent Gamblers and Non-Gamblers.

Objectives: Marijuana use (MU) and gambling are prevalent among adolescents, and marijuana products are becoming increasingly available and normalized globally. This study explored the relationships between early- (age <13 years), later- (age ≥13 years), and no-MU and substance use and violence among adolescents who gambled and did not gamble.

Methods: It analyzed data from the 2019 Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance survey (n=2015) on MU, gambling, demographics, substance use, and violence, using adjusted multivariate logistic regression models.

Treatment of Gaming Disorder in Children and Adolescents: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Given the disproportionate burden of gaming disorder (GD) on younger populations, there is a need to comprehensively evaluate the current evidence base around treatment for children and adolescents. This systematic review aimed to summarize the available literature on GD treatment in younger populations.

Methods: A systematic search of five databases was conducted.

Seeking Satisfaction Among Israeli Young Adults: The Roles of Gratification, Compensation, Reward Deficiency Syndrome, and Compulsivity in Relation to Addictive Behaviors.

Background And Aims: Behavioral addictions, such as problematic use of social media, gaming disorder, gambling disorder, and compulsive buying-shopping disorder, are increasingly common among young adults worldwide. The aim of the present study was to identify distinctive factors of these behavioral addictions, focusing on gratification and compensation, reward deficiency syndrome, and compulsivity among young adults.

Methods: The sample comprised 1459 Jewish Israeli young adults from the general community (36% male, 64% female; aged 19-27 years).

Cross-jurisdictional factors linked to gambling frequency in adolescents from 28 European countries: a machine learning approach.

Adolescents are vulnerable to experiencing problematic gambling, although its prevalence and potential risk factors vary across countries. This study aims to identify cross-jurisdictional factors associated with higher gambling frequency among adolescents in different European countries, using machine learning. Data were obtained from the European school Survey Project on Alcohol and other Drugs (ESPAD).

Multidimensional components of impulsivity during early adolescence: Relationships with brain networks and future substance-use in the Adolescent Brian and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study.

Impulsivity is a multifaceted construct that typically increases during adolescence and is implicated in risk for substance use disorders that develop later in life. Here, we take a multivariate approach to identify latent dimensions of impulsivity, broadly defined, among youth enrolled in the Adolescent Brain and Cognitive Development (ABCD) study and explore associations with individual differences in demographics, substance-use initiation and canonical resting state networks (N=11,872, ages ~9-10). Using principal component analysis, we identified eight latent impulsivity dimensions, the top three of which together accounted for the majority of the variance across all impulsivity assessments.

For Whom Is Sexual Abuse Related to Compulsive Sexual Behaviors? Timing of Abuse and Sociodemographic Characteristics as Potential Moderators Across 42 Countries.

Sexual abuse, which includes child (CSA), adolescent, and adult unwanted sexual experiences (AASA), is related to compulsive sexual behaviors (CSB). However, we know little about who reports a stronger association between sexual abuse and CSB. We examined whether the association between sexual abuse and CSB varied across age-related sexual abuse categories, participants' age, genders, sexual orientations, relationship status, and countries of residence across 42 countries.

Prescription Pain Medication Misuse with and Without Heroin Use Among Adolescents: relationships with Routine Healthcare, Family Support, Academic Performance, Violence, and Other Risky Behaviors.

Background: Opioid misuse is a public health crisis in the United States and globally, impacting adolescents. Prescription pain medication misuse (PPMM) may promote transitioning to heroin use (HU). Understanding relationships between types of opioid misuse (PPMM with and without HU) and seemingly positive (e.

Examining measurement discrepancies in adolescent screen media activity with insights from the ABCD study.

Concerns about the accuracy of self-reported screen time persist due to discrepancies with objective measures. This study compared passive smartphone tracking via the "Effortless Assessment of Risk States'' (EARS) app with self-reported screen time from 495 adolescents. Based on self-reports, 94.