Understanding the clinical characteristics associated with health care costs and cost savings upon weight reduction in individuals with obesity or overweight.

Aims: This study aimed to (1) identify characteristics of people with obesity or overweight that are predictive of health care costs; and (2) identify potential subgroups associated with weight reduction and cost savings following weight reduction interventions.

Materials And Methods: This retrospective cohort study used the Optum MarketClarity database from 2014 to 2022. The primary objective was assessed among individuals ≥19 years old with obesity/overweight with ≥12 months of continuous medical/pharmacy enrolment (primary cohort; index date: date of body mass index [BMI] measure ≥27 kg/m closest to December 31, 2022).

Orforglipron, an Oral Small-Molecule GLP-1 Receptor Agonist, in Early Type 2 Diabetes.

Background: Orforglipron is a small-molecule, nonpeptide glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist in clinical development for type 2 diabetes and weight management. Additional data on the efficacy and safety of orforglipron are needed.

Methods: In this phase 3, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, we randomly assigned participants in a 1:1:1:1 ratio to receive orforglipron at one of three doses (3 mg, 12 mg, or 36 mg) or placebo once daily for 40 weeks.

Safety attitudes, burnout and well-being among healthcare workers during the COVID-19 pandemic: an Indo-Pacific regional cross-sectional study.

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an unprecedented impact in Asia and has placed significant burden on already stretched healthcare systems. We examined the impact of COVID-19 on the safety attitudes among healthcare workers (HCWs), as well as their associated demographic and occupational factors, and measures of burnout, depression and anxiety.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey study utilising snowball sampling was performed involving doctors, nurses and allied health professions from 23 hospitals in Singapore, Malaysia, India and Indonesia between 29 May 2020 and 13 July 2020.

Assessing trauma care systems in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and evidence synthesis mapping the Three Delays framework to injury health system assessments.

Background: The large burden of injuries falls disproportionately on low/middle-income countries (LMICs). Health system interventions improve outcomes in high-income countries. Assessing LMIC trauma systems supports their improvement.

Grass-roots junior doctor communication network in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a service evaluation.

Background: COVID-19 was declared a worldwide pandemic on 11 March 2020. Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust provides 1412 inpatient beds staffed by 1200 junior doctors and faced a large burden of COVID-19 admissions.

Local Problem: A survey of doctors revealed only 20% felt confident that they would know to whom they could raise concerns and that most were getting information from a combination of informal work discussions, trust emails, social media and medical literature.

Determinants of burnout and other aspects of psychological well-being in healthcare workers during the Covid-19 pandemic: A multinational cross-sectional study.

The Covid-19 pandemic has placed unprecedented pressure on healthcare systems and workers around the world. Such pressures may impact on working conditions, psychological wellbeing and perception of safety. In spite of this, no study has assessed the relationship between safety attitudes and psychological outcomes.

Burnout and Associated Factors Among Health Care Workers in Singapore During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Objectives: The strain on health care systems due to the COVID-19 pandemic has led to increased psychological distress among health care workers (HCWs). As this global crisis continues with little signs of abatement, we examine burnout and associated factors among HCWs.

Design: Cross-sectional survey study.

The Modified Crescenteric Anterior Intercostal Perforator Flap.

Lower pole breast cancers are challenging to manage because conventional wide local excision may produce a "bird's beak" deformity. In an era of oncoplastic surgery, techniques that balance oncological results with cosmetic outcomes such as local flaps have extended the role of breast-conserving surgery. Local flaps are particularly useful for partial breast reconstruction due to the relative simplicity of the surgical procedure and reduced morbidity.

Insights from a global snapshot of the change in elective colorectal practice due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: There is a need to understand the impact of COVID-19 on colorectal cancer care globally and determine drivers of variation.

Objective: To evaluate COVID-19 impact on colorectal cancer services globally and identify predictors for behaviour change.

Design: An online survey of colorectal cancer service change globally in May and June 2020.

What Has Been the Impact of Covid-19 on Safety Culture? A Case Study from a Large Metropolitan Healthcare Trust.

Covid-19 has placed an unprecedented demand on healthcare systems worldwide. A positive safety culture is associated with improved patient safety and, in turn, with patient outcomes. To date, no study has evaluated the impact of Covid-19 on safety culture.

Assessing trauma care health systems in low- and middle-income countries, a protocol for a systematic literature review and narrative synthesis.

Background: Trauma represents a major global health problem projected to increase in importance over the next decade. The majority of deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where survival rates are lower than their high-income country (HIC) counterparts. Health system level changes in care for injured patients have been attributed to significant improvements in care quality and outcomes in HIC settings.

Why are patients not more involved in their own safety? A questionnaire-based survey in a multi-ethnic North London hospital population.

Purpose: Active patient participation in safety pathways has demonstrated benefits in reducing preventable errors, especially in relation to hand hygiene and surgical site marking. The authors sought to examine patient participation in a range of safety-related behaviours as well as factors that influence this, such as gender, education, age and language.

Design: A 20-point questionnaire was employed in a London teaching hospital to explore safety-related behaviours, particularly assessing patient's willingness to challenge healthcare professionals and engagement in taking an active role in their own care while in hospital.