Analysis of clinical and oncological outcomes after simple and intentional lung segmentectomies: the deceptive simplicity of the S6 segment.

Background: Currently, few studies analyze postoperative outcomes for different types of segmental resections. Therefore, our aim was to compare lower lobe apex with other simple and intentional segmentectomies, in terms of clinical and oncological outcomes.

Methods: A retrospective and multicenter study was conducted on patients who underwent simple and intentional segmentectomies from 2015 to 2020.

Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in PD-L1 negative Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) - A meta-analysis based on reconstructed individual participant data.

Background: despite advancements in NSCLC treatment, PD-L1 negative patients remain a therapeutic challenge. This meta-analysis evaluates the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and their combinations in PD-L1 negative NSCLC.

Materials And Methods: Major databases (PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library) were searched using terms such as "PD-L1 negative," "NSCLC," "chemotherapy," and "immunotherapy.

Lactate Values and Mortality in Patients With Cardiogenic Shock: Insights From the Altshock-2 Registry.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the prognostic role of baseline and 24-hour plasma lactates in patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Design: Multicenter, observational, prospective Altshock-2 Registry (NCT04295252) enrolling patients with CS since March 2020.

Setting: Multicenter Italian Registry (12 centers).

Pre-admission beta-blocker therapy and outcomes in cardiogenic shock: Insights from the Altshock-2 Registry.

Aims: We aimed to assess the impact of pre-admission beta-blocker (BB) therapy on the clinical characteristics, in-hospital treatment and outcomes of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS).

Methods: All patients enrolled in the multicentre prospective Altshock-2 registry since March 2020 with available data on pre-admission BB therapy were included. Clinical characteristics, in-hospital management, haemodynamic parameters and clinical outcomes were compared in patients with versus without BB therapy.

Disclosure of plasma p-tau217 measure improves diagnostic confidence in patients with Alzheimer's disease versus syndromes associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration.

Introduction: Further research is needed to understand the performance of plasma phosphorylated tau (p-tau)217 in the diagnostic thinking at the individual patient level. We evaluated the incremental diagnostic value of plasma p-tau217, expressed in terms of diagnostic confidence of Alzheimer's disease (DCAD; range 0-100).

Methods: Two hundred thirty-two patients with dementia were included and scored in terms of DCAD in a three-step consecutive assessment: (1) clinical work-up, (2) clinical work-up plus plasma p-tau217, and (3) clinical work-up, plasma p-tau217, plus conventional amyloid markers.

What Have You Been Told? Awareness of Prognosis of Patients in an Italian Home Palliative Care Service.

Background: In palliative care, investigating prognosis awareness is a milestone for effective and comprehensive patient intake care. The literature shows that over the past half-century, regarding prognoses, the data report less willingness to provide information, despite patients' wishes.

Objective: To investigate the varying degrees of awareness of prognosis of patients and their caregivers admitted to an Italian Palliative Home Based Care Service.

Early Intra-Aortic Balloon Support for Heart Failure-Related Cardiogenic Shock: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: The impact of intra-aortic balloon pump (IABP) on survival and successful bridging to heart replacement therapies (HRT) in patients with heart failure-cardiogenic shock (HF-CS) remains unclear.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of early IABP use vs standard care on 60-day survival or successful bridging to HRT.

Methods: In the multicenter, prospective Altshock-2 (Study on Early Intra-aortic Balloon Pump Placement in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure Complicated by Cardiogenic Shock), patients with Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions stage B, C, or D HF-CS and suitable for HRT were randomized to receive early IABP plus standard care (IABP group) or standard care (control group).

A multi-environmental source approach to explore associations between metals exposure and olfactory identification among school-age children residing in northern Italy.

Background: Metal exposures can adversely impact olfactory function. Few studies have examined this association in children. Further, metal exposure occurs as a mixture, yet previous studies of metal-associated olfactory dysfunction only examined individual metals.

The protective effect of dietary folate intake on gastric cancer is modified by alcohol consumption: A pooled analysis of the StoP Consortium.

Dietary folate intake has been identified as a potentially modifiable factor of gastric cancer (GC) risk, although the evidence is still inconsistent. We evaluate the association between dietary folate intake and the risk of GC as well as the potential modification effect of alcohol consumption. We pooled data for 2829 histologically confirmed GC cases and 8141 controls from 11 case-control studies from the international Stomach Cancer Pooling Consortium.

Xanthan-based chlorhexidine gel effects in non-surgical periodontal therapy? A meta-analysis.

Objective: To carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) and controlled clinical trials (CCTs) comparing scaling and root planing (SRP) or placebo with subgingival application of xanthan-based CHX (chlorhexidine) gel as adjunct to SRP.

Materials And Methods: The literature search was carried out in PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, and SCOPUS; primary outcomes were probing pocket depth (PPD) reduction and gain in clinical attachment level (CAL).

Results: Overall, 15 studies were included.

Use of nebulized liposomal amphotericin B and posaconazole as antifungal prophylaxis in patients with severe SARS-CoV2 infection in intensive care unit.

Purpose: COVID-19 associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA) is common and linked with high fatality rates. To assess the impact on the incidence and outcome of CAPA of an antifungal prophylaxis (AFP) we compared two cohorts of COVID-19 patients admitted to intensive care units (ICU) in Brescia, Italy, from January to August 2021.

Methods: The study cohort included all mechanically ventilated patients observed between April 2021 and August 2021 with SARS-CoV-2-pneumonia, who received AFP with oral posaconazole (200 mg every 6 h) and nebulized liposomal amphotericin B (50 mg every 2 weeks) from ICU admission to 7 days after discharge or, if applicable, until tracheostomy removal.

Mesothelioma among seamen: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objectives: Navy personnel and seafarers live and work 24 h per day in the shipboard environment and they are exposed to asbestos fibers released into the confined spaces aboard ships. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to quantify the mesothelioma risk of seamen working aboard ships, either commercial or naval vessels, as compared to that of the general population.

Methods: We carried out a literature search in MEDLINE through PubMed and EMBASE, from inception to 31 December 2021, of all studies on seamen working aboard ships, either commercial or naval vessels, characterized by exposure to asbestos and providing mesothelioma risk estimates.

Incidence of young-onset dementia in Italy: The Brescia register study.

Introduction: The goal of the present work was to assess the incidence of dementia with onset before the age of 65 years (i.e., young-onset dementia [YOD]) and define the frequencies of young-onset Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) in the general population.

Dose-response association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

This study aims at providing an accurate and up-to-date quantification of the dose-response association between cigarette smoking and gastric cancer (GC) risk, overall and by subsite. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control and cohort studies on the association between cigarette smoking and GC risk published up to January 2023. We estimated pooled relative risks (RR) of GC and its subsites according to smoking status, intensity, duration, and time since quitting.

Interplay between negative symptoms, time spent doing nothing, and negative emotions in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: results from a 37-site study.

This study evaluated the relationship between negative symptoms, daily time use (productive/non-productive activities, PA/NPA), and negative emotions in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs): 618 individuals with SSDs (311 residential care patients [RCPs], 307 outpatients) were surveyed about socio-demographic, clinical (BPRS, BNSS) and daily time use (paper-and-pencil Time Use Survey completed twice/week) characteristics. Among them 57 RCPs and 46 outpatients, matched to 112 healthy controls, also underwent ecological monitoring of emotions (8 times/day for a week) through Experience Sampling Method (ESM). RCPs spent significantly less time in PA than outpatients.

Ecological monitoring of physical activity, emotions and daily life activities in schizophrenia: the DiAPAson study.

Background: Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) compromise psychosocial functioning, including daily time use, emotional expression and physical activity (PA).

Objective: We performed a cohort study aimed at investigating: (1) the differences in PA, daily activities and emotions between patients with SSD and healthy controls (HC); (2) the strength of the association between these variables and clinical features among patients with SSD.

Methods: Ninety-nine patients with SSD (53 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 111 matched HC were assessed for several clinical variables, and levels of functioning by means of standardised clinical measures.

Leisure-time physical activity and gastric cancer risk: A pooled study within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project.

Background: Although physical activity (PA) has been recognized as a favourable factor in the prevention of various diseases, including certain forms of cancer, the relationship between PA and gastric cancer (GC) is not yet fully understood. This study aims to provide data from a pooled analysis of case-control studies within the Stomach cancer Pooling (StoP) Project to estimate the association between leisure-time PA and the occurrence of GC.

Methods: Six case-control studies from StoP project collected data on leisure-time PA, for a total of 2,343 cases and 8,614 controls.

Shared and distinct abnormalities in sleep-wake patterns and their relationship with the negative symptoms of Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder patients.

Sleep and rest-activity-rhythm (RAR) abnormalities are commonly reported in schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD) patients. However, an in-depth characterization of sleep/RAR alterations in SSD, including patients in different treatment settings, and the relationship between these alterations and SSD clinical features (e.g.

Efficacy of Small versus Large-Bore Chest Drain in Pleural Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Pleural infection represents a significant clinical challenge worldwide. Although prompt drainage of pleural fluid is thought to play a key role in pleural infection management, the optimal size of intrapleural catheter has yet to be defined.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize data on efficacy and complications of small-bore drain (SBD), defined as ≤14F, in comparison to large-bore drain (LBD) in patients with pleural infection.

Impact of COVID-19-Related Social Isolation on Behavioral Outcomes in Young Adults Residing in Northern Italy.

Social isolation affects our emotions, behavior and interactions. Worldwide, individuals experienced prolonged periods of isolation during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic when authorities-imposed restrictions to reduce the spread of the virus. In this study, we investigated the effects of social isolation on emotional and behavioral outcomes in young adults from Lombardy, Italy, a global hotspot of COVID-19.