Understanding food addiction in obesity: a genetic perspective.

Background: Food addiction (FA) has gained more scientific attention but needs deeper understanding. Data indicates that the central melanocortin (MC) system through the MC4 receptor (MC4R) and its polymorphisms play a crucial role in the regulation of eating behaviour and in the motivation for the rewarding properties of food potentially leading to obesity. This may also contribute to the emergence of altered reward-related behaviors such as FA.

Bridging Gaps in Obesity Assessment: Spanish Validation of the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O).

: Obesity is currently one of the major challenges in medicine. Research indicates that assessing eating habits can contribute significantly to the development of more effective treatment. This study aims to validate the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O) in a sample of Spanish adults with overweight or obesity.

Exploring the Impact of Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy on Borderline Personality Disorder: A Retrospective Observational Study Using a Latent Transition Analysis of Symptoms and Functional Changes over 12 Months.

Introduction: Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is marked by emotional instability, interpersonal dysfunction, and high comorbidity, posing significant treatment challenges. Metacognitive Interpersonal Therapy (MIT) targets core features of BPD, including metacognitive impairments and emotional dysregulation. This study used Latent Transition Analysis to assess changes in BPD symptoms and psychological factors over a 12-month MIT intervention, hypothesizing that MIT will reduce symptom severity and improve emotional regulation, metacognitive abilities, and interpersonal functioning.

Early Maladaptive Schemas Mediate the Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Interpersonal Problems in Eating Disorders.

Recent research highlights the role of childhood trauma in the development of eating disorders (EDs), suggesting that adverse experiences can disrupt emotional and cognitive development, leading to early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) and interpersonal problems. EMSs are psychological structures encompassing cognition, emotions, images, and bodily sensations. These EMSs are hypothesized to mediate the relationship between childhood trauma and ED pathology.

The Greater the Number of Altered Eating Behaviors in Obesity, the More Severe the Psychopathology.

: Altered eating behaviors (AEBs) are not only associated with eating disorders but also play a role in obesity. This study assessed AEBs in individuals with obesity and their association with general and eating psychopathology, using the "Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity" (EBA-O). The hypothesis posited that a higher frequency of pathological eating behaviors would correlate with more severe psychopathology.

Latent profile analysis identifies four different clinical schizophrenia profiles through aberrant salience.

Understanding the role of aberrant salience (AS) in psychosis is crucial for comprehending schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs). Researchers emphasize the importance of salience attribution in schizophrenia, acknowledging its interaction with environmental stressors and multiple neurotransmitter systems. Childhood trauma and adversities (CTA) play a significant role in SSDs, potentially contributing to prodromal symptoms characterized by AS.

Applying a clinical staging model in patients affected by schizophrenia spectrum disorder.

Background: Clinical staging, already widespread in medicine, represents a new frontier in psychiatry. Our goal was to convert the existing theoretical staging model for schizophrenia into a feasible tool to have a timely assessment of patients' health status applicable in any psychiatric facility.

Methods: We assessed the empirical soundness of a staging model for schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), primarily centered on their current status.

Metacognition as a transdiagnostic factor across eating disorders: a latent profile analysis study.

Background: Metacognition is a crucial aspect of understanding and attributing mental states, playing a key role in the psychopathology of eating disorders (EDs). This study aims to explore the diverse clinical profiles of metacognition among patients with EDs using latent profile analysis (LPA).

Method: A total of 395 patients with a DSM-5 diagnosis of ED (116 AN-R, 30 AN/BP, 100 BN, 149 BED) participated in this study.

Validation and assessment of psychometric properties of the Greek Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (GR-EBA-O).

Introduction: With increasing morbidity and risk of death, obesity has become a serious health problem largely attributable to difficulties in finding proper treatments for related diseases. Many studies show how detecting abnormal eating behaviors could be useful in developing effective clinical treatments. This study aims at validating the Greek version of the Eating Behaviors Assessment for Obesity (EBA-O).

Aberrant salience mediates the interplay between emotional abuse and positive symptoms in schizophrenia.

Introduction: Childhood trauma and adversities (CTA) and aberrant salience (AS) have a pivotal role in schizophrenia development, but their interplay with psychotic symptoms remains vague. We explored the mediation performed by AS between CTA and psychotic symptomatology in schizophrenia.

Methods: We approached 241 adults suffering from schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs), who have been in the unit for at least 12 consecutive months, excluding the diagnosis of dementia, and recent substance abuse disorder, and cross-sectional evaluated through the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI), Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF), and Positive and Negative Symptom Scale (PANSS).

Cognitive biases are associated with aberrant salience experience in schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Introduction: Cognitive models suggest the co-occurrence of cognitive biases and aberrant salience is unique to psychosis, but their interaction is not yet fully understood. Therefore, we aimed to elucidate the relationship between subjective cognitive biases and aberrant salience in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSDs) in this study.

Methods: A sample of 92 subjects with SSDs underwent an assessment using Davos Assessment Cognitive Biases (DACOBS) and the Aberrant Salience Inventory (ASI) in a cross-sectional design.

Influence of /Nesfatin-1 Polymorphism on Treatment Response to Naltrexone/Bupropion SR in Binge Eating Disorder and Obesity.

: The gene and its polymorphisms were identified as novel players in the regulation of food intake, potentially leading to obesity (OBE) and altered eating behaviors. Naltrexone/bupropion SR (NB) showed good efficacy and tolerability for treating OBE and altered eating behaviors associated with binge eating disorder (BED). This prospective study investigates the influence of gene polymorphism on NB treatment response in OBE and BED.

Using latent class analysis to identify different clinical profiles according to food addiction symptoms in obesity with and without binge eating disorder.

Background And Aims: Existing research suggests that food addiction (FA) is associated with binge eating disorder (BED) and obesity, but the clinical significance of this relationship remains unclear. This study aims to investigate the different clinical profiles of FA symptoms among patients who have obesity with/without BED using latent class analysis (LCA).

Methods: 307 patients (n = 152 obesity and BED, n = 155 obesity without BED) completed a battery of self-report measures investigating eating psychopathology, depression, emotional dysregulation, alexithymia, schema domains, and FA.

Relationship between disgust and orthorexia nervosa and psychometric properties of the Italian Dusseldorf orthorexia scale in a general population sample.

Background: It remains unclear among clinicians and researchers whether orthorexia nervosa (ON) is a part of the obsessive-compulsive disorder spectrum or eating disorders. Disgust seems to be a shared psychopathological factor in these clinical presentations, indicating a potentially crucial role in ON. On the other hand, numerous psychometric tools have been developed to evaluate ON.

Pain experience in eating disorders: The mediating role of depression, alexithymia and interoceptive awareness.

Objective: Evidence suggests reduced sensitivity to pain due to high pain threshold in anorexia and bulimia nervosa and a possible role of depression, alexithymia and interoceptive awareness on pain experience. This study examined whether self-report and real-time evoked pain experience were mediated by depression, alexithymia and interoceptive awareness in a comprehensive sample of patients with eating disorders (ED).

Method: 145 participants (90 ED, 55 healthy controls (HC)) underwent a real-time evoked examination of pain and completed self-report questionnaires for pain (Pain Detect Questionnaire (PD-Q), PD-Q VAS, Leeds Assessment of Neuropathic Symptoms and Signs), depression (BDI-II), interoceptive awareness Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness (MAIA), and alexithymia (TAS-20).

Testing psychometric properties of Shared Decision Making Questionnaire - Physician Version (SDM-Q-Doc) in an Italian real-world psychiatric clinical sample.

Objectives: The Shared Decision Making Questionnaire-Physician Version (SDM-Q-Doc) is the main tool assessing SDM relationship between patient and physician using the clinician viewpoint. It is reliable in all medical fields, and the validation of its Italian version was still missing. Our aim was to validate the Italian version of the SDM-Q-Doc in a clinical sample of patients suffering from severe mental illness.

Effectiveness of SGA-LAIs on Clinical, Cognitive, and Social Domains in Schizophrenia: Results from a Prospective Naturalistic Study.

We hypothesized that shifting from oral second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) to their long-acting injectable (LAI) counterpart would be beneficial for the psychopathological, cognitive, social, and general health domains in outpatients suffering from schizophrenia. We aimed to evaluate the prospective usefulness of SGA-LAI treatment by carrying out a head-to-head comparison of two different medications (i.e.

Development, Validation, and Measurement Invariance of the Body Image Bidimensional Assessment (BIBA) in Italian and Spanish Children and Early Adolescent Samples.

Body dissatisfaction (BD) is an important public health issue as it negatively influences the physical and psychosocial wellbeing of children/early adolescents. Available measures of BD for this population are scarce, have a significant bias, or only evaluate weight-related dissatisfaction. This study, through the exploratory factor analysis (EFA), aims to develop and validate the Italian (Study 1) and Spanish (Study 2) versions of a new tool, the Body Image Bidimensional Assessment (BIBA), which is not subject to sex-age-race biases and is able to identify BD related to weight and height among children/early adolescents.

Psychometric Properties of the 9-Item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9): Validation of the Italian Version in a Large Psychiatric Clinical Sample.

Objective: The nine-item Shared Decision-Making Questionnaire (SDM-Q-9) is one of the most frequently used tools for assessing patients' involvement in medical decision-making, but so far, it not been validated in Italian. We aimed to validate the Italian version of the SDM-Q-9 in a clinical sample of patients suffering from major psychiatric disorders.

Method: We involved 307 consecutive patients affected by major psychiatric disorders (including schizophrenia spectrum disorders, affective disorders and eating disorders) in a real-world outpatient clinical setting.

Aberrant salience correlates with psychotic dimensions in outpatients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Background: Aberrant salience is a well-known construct associated with the development and maintenance of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. However, only a few studies have investigated aberrance salience as a trait, with no study investigating the association between the five aberrant salience domains and psychotic symptoms. We aimed to explore the role of aberrant salience and its domains on psychotic dimensions in both clinically remitted and non-remitted patients.