Salvage abdominoperineal resection for anal squamous cell carcinoma after radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy: analysis of the French prospective cohort FFCD-ANABASE.

Introduction: Salvage abdominoperineal resection (APR) is indicated for local failure following definitive chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma (SCCA), at the cost of morbidity and reduced quality of life. This study evaluated outcomes after salvage APR.

Materials And Methods: The FFCD-ANABASE cohort is a prospective multicenter cohort including patients treated for non-metastatic SCCA in France between 2015 and 2020.

[Practice-changing trials: Urological radiation oncology].

Herein, we provide a non-exhaustive selection of the main clinical trials presented in 2023-2024 related to radiation-oncology used in the treatment of urological cancers including prostate cancer (radiotherapy of localized prostate cancer, post-prostatectomy irradiation, reirradiation, biochemical recurrence following local treatment, radiotherapy for metastatic cancer), muscle invasive bladder cancer and primary kidney cancer.

Nivolumab plus chemoradiotherapy in locally-advanced cervical cancer: the NICOL phase 1 trial.

Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with blockade of the PD-1 pathway may enhance immune-mediated tumor control through increased phagocytosis, cell death, and antigen presentation. The NiCOL phase 1 trial (NCT03298893) is designed to determine the safety/tolerance profile and the recommended phase-II dose of nivolumab with and following concurrent CRT in 16 women with locally advanced cervical cancer. Secondary endpoints include objective response rate (ORR), progression free survival (PFS), disease free survival, and immune correlates of response.

Panitumumab in combination with chemoradiotherapy for the treatment of locally-advanced anal canal carcinoma: Results of the FFCD 0904 phase II trial.

Background And Purpose: Standard treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA)is 5-fluorouracil (5FU) and mitomycin C (MMC) based chemoradiotherapy (CRT). This phase II study (EudraCT: 2011-005436-26) assessed the tolerance and complete response (CR) rate at 8 weeks of panitumumab (Pmab) combined with MMC-5FU-based CRT.

Methods: Patients with locally advanced tumors without metastases (T2 > 3 cm, T3-T4, or N + whatever T stage) were treated with IMRT up to 65 Gy and concomitant CT according to the doses defined by a previous phase I study (MMC: 10 mg/m; 5FU: 400 mg/m; Pmab: 3 mg/kg).

Treatment, outcome, and prognostic factors in non-metastatic anal cancer: The French nationwide cohort study FFCD-ANABASE.

Introduction: International guidelines regarding the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA) recommend intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with mitomycin-based chemotherapy (CT). The French FFCD-ANABASE cohort aimed at evaluating clinical practices, treatment, and outcomes of SCCA patients.

Methods: This prospective multicentric observational cohort included all non-metastatic SCCA patients treated in 60 French centers from January 2015 to April 2020.

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Brain Stereotactic Radiotherapy and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer with Brain Metastases.

Background: To analyze the outcomes of patients with brain metastases (BM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with immunotherapy (IT) and stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT) and to study the impact of the sequence between the two modalities.

Methods: The authors reviewed the records of 51 patients with 84 BM from NSCLC treated at Institut Curie with IT and SRT. BM were categorized into three groups: 'SRT before IT', 'concurrent SRT and IT', and 'SRT after IT.

Clinical and technical challenges of cancer reirradiation: Words of wisdom.

Since the development of new radiotherapy techniques that have improved healthy tissue sparing, reirradiation (reRT) has become possible. The selection of patients eligible for reRT is complex given that it can induce severe or even fatal side effects. The first step should therefore be to assess, in the context of multidisciplinary staff meeting, the patient's physical status, the presence of sequelae resulting from the first irradiation and the best treatment option available.

Acute and late toxicities of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 and treated for cancer with radiation therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the risk of acute and late radiation-induced toxicity in patients with COVID-19.

Material And Methods: All the patients irradiated in Institut Curie from March to July 2020 were included if the first symptoms related to COVID-19 occurred no more than two months before the start of radiation therapy (RT) or 15 days after the end of RT.

Results: Twenty-nine patients were included in this analysis.

Lessons from radiochemotherapy and modern image-guided adaptive brachytherapy followed by hysterectomy.

Purpose: To analyze the clinical outcomes and the safety of radiochemotherapy (RCT) and image-guided adaptive brachytherapy (IGABT) and to evaluate the impact of hysterectomy (HT) as completion of treatment for cervical cancer.

Methods And Materials: 145 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer were treated at our institution. Patients underwent RCT and IGABT, then hysterectomy (HT) as completion of treatment was performed, with the exception of patients with surgical contraindications, para aortic metastatic disease or patients who refused surgery.

High-dose-rate vs. low-dose-rate interstitial brachytherapy boost for anal canal cancers.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze and compare clinical outcomes of low-dose-rate (LDR) and high-dose-rate (HDR) interstitial brachytherapy boost (ISBT) after EBRT or radio chemotherapy for the treatment of anal canal cancers.

Methods And Materials: One hundred patients with anal canal cancers were treated at our institution by ISBT [LDR (n = 50); HDR (n = 50)]. Chronic toxicity rates, local control, disease-free survival, overall survival, and colostomy-free survival of the two different dose-rate brachytherapy modalities were analyzed and compared.

Clinical and genetic landscape of treatment naive cervical cancer: Alterations in PIK3CA and in epigenetic modulators associated with sub-optimal outcome.

Background: There is a lack of information as to which molecular processes, present at diagnosis, favor tumour escape from standard-of-care treatments in cervical cancer (CC). RAIDs consortium (www.raids-fp7.

Prognostic Impact of Residual HPV ctDNA Detection after Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the current standard of care for patients diagnosed with locally advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC), but some patients develop local and/or distant relapse during follow-up. This study was designed to monitor human papillomavirus (HPV) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels during CRT in patients with ASCC. We analyzed samples from patients with HPV16- or HPV18-positive locally advanced ASCC.

HPV circulating tumor DNA to monitor the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: A case report.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) is a rare HPV-associated cancer with limited sensitivity to standard chemotherapy. In a phase 2 study, nivolumab, an anti PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, demonstrated significant efficacy as single-agent therapy in metastatic SCCA patients. Nevertheless, imaging assessment by standard RECIST criteria of the efficacy of immune therapy can be difficult in some patients due to tumor immune cell infiltration, and biomarkers of treatment efficacy are needed.

Value of Dynamic Contrast-enhanced and Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging in the Detection of Pathologic Complete Response in Cervical Cancer after Neoadjuvant Therapy: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Purpose To evaluate the association between dynamic contrast material-enhanced (DCE) and diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with pathologic complete response after preoperative combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy for cervical carcinoma and evaluate the risk of local recurrence. Materials and Methods The institutional ethics committee approved the study and waived the requirement to obtain informed consent. The study comprised 52 patients with locally advanced carcinoma, treated first with combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy, who underwent MR imaging before final surgery between June 2011 and July 2015.

Exclusive intraoperative radiotherapy for invasive breast cancer in elderly patients (>70 years): proportion of eligible patients and local recurrence-free survival.

Background: To estimate the proportion of elderly patients (>70 years) with breast cancer eligible for an Exclusive IntraOperative RadioTherapy (E-IORT) and to evaluate their local recurrence-free survival rate.

Methods: This retrospective study examining two cohorts focuses on patients over 70 years old: a multi-centric cohort of 1411 elderly patients and a mono-centric cohort of 592 elderly patients. All patients underwent conservative surgery followed by external radiotherapy for T0-T3 N0-N1 invasive breast cancer, between 1980 and 2008.

Locoregional treatment of early breast cancer with isolated tumor cells or micrometastases on sentinel lymph node biopsy.

The advent of sentinel lymph-node technique has led to a shift in lymph-node staging, due to the emergence of new entities namely micrometastases (pN1mi) and isolated tumor cells [pN0(i+)]. The prognostic significance of this low positivity in axillary lymph nodes is currently debated, as is, therefore its management. This article provides updates evidence-based medicine data to take into account for treatment decision-making in this setting, discussing the locoregional treatment in pN0(i+) and pN1mi patients (completion axillary dissection, axillary irradiation with or without regional nodes irradiation, or observation), according to systemic treatment, with the goal to help physicians in their daily practice.

Volumetric-modulated arc therapy for left-sided breast cancer and all regional nodes improves target volumes coverage and reduces treatment time and doses to the heart and left coronary artery, compared with a field-in-field technique.

We compared two intensity-modulated radiotherapy techniques for left-sided breast treatment, involving lymph node irradiation including the internal mammary chain. Inverse planned arc-therapy (VMAT) was compared with a forward-planned multi-segment technique with a mono-isocenter (MONOISO). Ten files were planned per technique, delivering a 50-Gy dose to the breast and 46.

PIK3CA Pathway Mutations Predictive of Poor Response Following Standard Radiochemotherapy ± Cetuximab in Cervical Cancer Patients.

Purpose: EGFR is frequently overexpressed in cervical cancer, suggesting EGFR blockade as a promising treatment approach. Cetuximab, an anti EGFR antibody, used conjointly with radiochemotherapy, was feasible in first-line treatment of cervix carcinoma limited to the pelvis.

Experimental Design: This randomized phase II trial enrolled 78 FIGO stage IB2-IIIB cervical cancer patients to either cisplatin-based radiochemotherapy alone (arm B, n = 38) or conjointly with a 6-week course of weekly cetuximab (arm A, n = 40).

Cytokeratin 7 as a predictive factor for response to concommitant radiochemotherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: a preliminary study.

Background: The role of completion surgery after concurrent radiochemotherapy (CCRC) for advanced cervical cancer remains controversial. Individual predictive factors of CCRC response and survival are mandatory for treatment adaptation and to determine a population who would take interest in completion surgery after CCRC. The aim of this study was to evaluate the ability of biomarkers to predict the response to CCRC.

Anal canal cancer: management of inguinal nodes and benefit of prophylactic inguinal irradiation (CORS-03 Study).

Purpose: To evaluate the benefit of prophylactic inguinal irradiation (PII) in anal canal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC).

Methods And Materials: This retrospective study analyzed the outcome of 208 patients presenting with ASCC treated between 2000 and 2004 in four cancer centers of the south of France.

Results: The population study included 35 T1, 86 T2, 59 T3, 20 T4, and 8 T stage unknown patients.