Prognostic Value of after Abdominoperineal Resection for Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Main prognostic factors of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) are tumor size, differentiation, lymph node involvement, and male gender. However, they are insufficient to predict relapses after exclusive radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT). has been associated with poor prognosis in several digestive cancers.

Human papilloma virus integration sites and genomic signatures in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.

A prevalence of around 26% of human papillomavirus (HPV) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) has been previously reported. HPV induced oncogenesis mainly involving E6 and E7 viral oncoproteins. In some cases, HPV viral DNA has been detected to integrate with the host genome and possibly contributes to carcinogenesis by affecting the gene expression.

Metastatic colorectal carcinoma with signet-ring cells: Clinical, histological and molecular description from an Association des Gastro-Entérologues Oncologues (AGEO) French multicenter retrospective cohort.

Background: Metastatic signet-ring cell colorectal carcinoma is rare. We analyzed its clinicopathological and molecular features, prognostic factors and chemosensitivity.

Methods: Retrospective study from 2003 to 2017 in 31 French centers, divided into three groups: curative care (G1), chemotherapy alone (G2), and best supportive care (G3).

MRI-Based Radiomics Input for Prediction of 2-Year Disease Recurrence in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Purpose: Chemo-radiotherapy (CRT) is the standard treatment for non-metastatic anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC). Despite excellent results for T1-2 stages, relapses still occur in around 35% of locally advanced tumors. Recent strategies focus on treatment intensification, but could benefit from a better patient selection.

Human papilloma virus (HPV) integration signature in Cervical Cancer: identification of MACROD2 gene as HPV hot spot integration site.

Background: Cervical cancer (CC) remains a leading cause of gynaecological cancer-related mortality with infection by human papilloma virus (HPV) being the most important risk factor. We analysed the association between different viral integration signatures, clinical parameters and outcome in pre-treated CCs.

Methods: Different integration signatures were identified using HPV double capture followed by next-generation sequencing (NGS) in 272 CC patients from the BioRAIDs study [NCT02428842].

Mechanistic Signatures of Human Papillomavirus Insertions in Anal Squamous Cell Carcinomas.

The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) carcinogenesis has been clearly established, involving the expression of viral oncoproteins and optional viral DNA integration into the host genome. In this article, we describe the various mechanisms and sites of HPV DNA insertion and assess their prognostic and predictive value in a large series of patients with HPV-positive ASCC with long-term follow-up. We retrospectively analyzed 96 tumor samples from 93 HPV-positive ASCC patients using the Capture-HPV method followed by Next-Generation Sequencing, allowing determination of HPV genotype and identification of the mechanisms and sites of viral genome integration.

Prospective validation in epithelial tumors of a gene expression predictor of liver metastasis derived from uveal melanoma.

Predicting the risk of liver metastasis can have important prognostic and therapeutic implications, given the availability of liver-directed therapy. Uveal melanoma has a striking predisposition for liver metastasis despite the absence of anatomical proximity. Understanding its biology may uncover factors promoting liver metastasis in other malignancies.

High Positive Correlations between and -/-/- Gene Cluster Overexpression in Multi-Tumor Types Suggest Deregulated Activation of an Bidirectional Promoter.

The gene, also called , is located at the human locus at 9p21.3 and transcribed by RNA polymerase II into a long non-coding RNA of 3834 bp. The gene overlaps a critical region of 125 kb covering the gene.

Characteristics of Mutant, Deficient Mismatch Repair/Proficient Mismatch Repair, Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Multicenter Series of 287 Patients.

Background: mutations occurring in about 10% of metastatic colorectal cancers (mCRCs) are usually associated with a poor outcome. However, their prognostic factors are unknown.

Materials And Methods: We built a multicenter clinico-biological database gathering data from patients with -mutant mCRC treated in one of the 16 French centers from 2006 to 2017.

Interaction between IGF2-PI3K axis and cancer-associated-fibroblasts promotes anal squamous carcinogenesis.

Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare tumour, but its incidence is increasing. Standard chemoradiotherapy fails to cure 20% of patients and no targeted therapy is currently approved for recurrent ASCC. The PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is frequently altered in this poorly characterised carcinoma IGF2 was identified here as a key factor in ASCC oncogenesis, as IGF2 was shown to play a crucial role in the PI3K pathway with frequent (~60%) and mutually exclusive genomic alterations in IGF2, IGF1R, PTEN and PIK3CA genes.

Prognostic Impact of Residual HPV ctDNA Detection after Chemoradiotherapy for Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Chemoradiotherapy (CRT) is the current standard of care for patients diagnosed with locally advanced anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC), but some patients develop local and/or distant relapse during follow-up. This study was designed to monitor human papillomavirus (HPV) circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) levels during CRT in patients with ASCC. We analyzed samples from patients with HPV16- or HPV18-positive locally advanced ASCC.

Correction: Protein biomarkers predictive for response to anti-EGFR treatment in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Supplementary Table 1 and the Supplementary Figure legends were not included when this manuscript was first published. The files are now available here.

Array comparative genomic hybridization identifies high level of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway alterations in anal cancer recurrences.

Genomic alterations of anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) remain poorly understood due to the rarity of this tumor. Array comparative genomic hybridization and targeted gene sequencing were performed in 49 cases of ASCC. The most frequently altered regions (with a frequency greater than 25%) were 10 deleted regions (2q35, 2q36.

Prognostic value of serum CYFRA 21-1 1 in patients with anal canal squamous cell carcinoma treated with radio(chemo)therapy.

Background: We aimed to assess the prognostic value of CYFRA 21-1 in a series of patients with anal canal squamous cell carcinoma treated by radiation-based therapy.

Methods: All patients with anal cancer referred between September 2005 and July 2013 were considered. Patients with diagnosis of anal squamous cell carcinoma and in whom pre- and post-treatment serum CYFRA 21-1 levels were available were included.

Exome sequencing reveals aberrant signalling pathways as hallmark of treatment-naive anal squamous cell carcinoma.

Anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCC) are rare tumours in humans. The etiological role of HPV infection is now well established but little is known about the molecular landscape and signalling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of this cancer. Here we report the results from a whole exome sequencing of a homogeneous group of 20 treatment-naive ASCC.

Protein biomarkers predictive for response to anti-EGFR treatment in RAS wild-type metastatic colorectal carcinoma.

Background: Metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients with mutant KRAS or NRAS are ineligible for anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (anti-EGFR) therapy, as RAS mutations activate downstream pathways independently of EGFR and induce primary resistance. However, even among RAS wild-type (WT) patients, only a fraction responds to anti-EGFR therapy, suggesting that other mechanisms of resistance exist. We hypothesise that different (epi)genetic alterations can lead to primary anti-EGFR resistance and that the crucial end point is the activation of protein signalling pathways.

Early closure of fistula using neo-adjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy in locally advanced anal cancer.

Background: Locally advanced anal cancer patients, especially with T4 disease and fistula, have a dismal prognosis. Neo-adjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy before standard chemoradiation has been shown to be promising in this setting.

Aims: We are reporting results from a larger patient population.

HPV circulating tumor DNA to monitor the efficacy of anti-PD-1 therapy in metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal: A case report.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) is a rare HPV-associated cancer with limited sensitivity to standard chemotherapy. In a phase 2 study, nivolumab, an anti PD-1 immune checkpoint inhibitor, demonstrated significant efficacy as single-agent therapy in metastatic SCCA patients. Nevertheless, imaging assessment by standard RECIST criteria of the efficacy of immune therapy can be difficult in some patients due to tumor immune cell infiltration, and biomarkers of treatment efficacy are needed.

Exclusive neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced resectable gastric and gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma.

Background: Perioperative chemotherapy improves the prognosis of patients with locoregionally advanced resectable gastric and gastro-esophageal junction adenocarcinoma. Nevertheless, only 50% of operated patients could receive the postoperative component chemotherapy. An exclusive preoperative chemotherapy is therefore an interesting strategy.

Prognostic impact of tumour burden assessed by metabolic tumour volume on FDG PET/CT in anal canal cancer.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to confirm the prognostic value of metabolic tumour volume (MTV) at the primary site on initial work-up FDG PET/CT in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal.

Methods: Patients with a recent diagnosis of SCC of the anal canal without metastases undergoing PET/CT for initial work-up and treated with (chemo)radiotherapy were retrospectively reviewed. Computer-aided MTV and SUVmax were determined.

Mutational analysis of anal cancers demonstrates frequent PIK3CA mutations associated with poor outcome after salvage abdominoperineal resection.

Background: A better understanding of the molecular profile of anal squamous cell carcinomas (ASCCs) is necessary to consider new therapeutic approaches, and the identification of prognostic and predictive factors for response to treatment.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed tumours from ASCC patients for mutational analysis of KRAS, NRAS, HRAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, MET, TP53 and FBXW7 genes by HRM and Sanger sequencing analysis.

Results: Specimens from 148 patients were analysed: 96 treatment-naive tumours and 52 recurrences after initial radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT).

Ovarian cancer: Status of homologous recombination pathway as a predictor of drug response.

Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC), particularly high-grade serous subtype, is associated with germline mutations in BRCA1/BRCA2 genes in up to 20% of the patients. BRCA1/BRCA2 proteins are important components of the homologous recombination (HR) pathway, a vital DNA repair process that protects the genome from double-strand DNA damage. Recent studies revealed frequent somatic mutations of BRCA1/BRCA2 and hypermethylation of the promoter of BRCA1 in EOC, in addition to germline mutations.

Arpin downregulation in breast cancer is associated with poor prognosis.

Background: The Arp2/3 complex is required for cell migration and invasion. The Arp2/3 complex and its activators, such as the WAVE complex, are deregulated in diverse cancers. Here we investigate the expression of Arpin, the Arp2/3 inhibitory protein that antagonises the WAVE complex.