Implementation of Neoadjuvant Immunotherapy in Stage III Melanoma: A Modified Delphi Consensus Study in a European-accredited cancer Centre in Ireland.

Background: The landscape of perioperative immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy for stage III melanoma is rapidly evolving. We conducted a modified Delphi Consensus process to the define at an institutional level the optimal approach to implementation of a neoadjuvant ICI pathway for melanoma, addressing the themes of patient selection, perioperative therapy, response assessment and operative considerations, and follow-up.

Methods: We developed 28 consensus statements which were circulated to 24 senior members of an institutional melanoma multidisciplinary meeting (MDM) team at the OECI-accredited Beaumont RCSI Cancer Centre, Ireland.

ECSFinder: optimized prediction of evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures from genome sequences.

Accurate prediction of RNA secondary structures is essential for understanding the evolutionary conservation and functional roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) across diverse species. In this study, we benchmarked two leading tools for predicting evolutionarily conserved RNA secondary structures (ECSs), SISSIz and R-scape, using two distinct experimental frameworks: one focusing on well-characterized mitochondrial RNA structures and the other on experimentally validated Rfam structures embedded within simulated genome alignments. While both tools performed similarly overall, each displayed subtle preferences in detecting ECSs.

The effect of sarcopenia on postoperative complications in autologous breast reconstruction: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Purpose: Sarcopenia refers to a loss of muscle mass combined with an associated loss of muscle function and has been demonstrated to predict post operative complications across a range of surgical procedures. The effect of sarcopenia on patient outcomes following autologous breast reconstruction (ABR) remains unknown. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the impact of sarcopenia on complications following ABR.

ERC2.0 evolutionary rate covariation update improves inference of functional interactions across large phylogenies.

Evolutionary rate covariation (ERC) is an established comparative genomics method that identifies sets of genes sharing patterns of sequence evolution, which suggests shared function. Whereas many functional predictions of ERC have been empirically validated, its predictive power has hitherto been limited by its inability to tackle the large numbers of species in contemporary comparative genomics data sets. This study introduces ERC2.

Prevalence and impact of chronic ankle instability in female sport: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The prevalence and impact of chronic ankle instability (CAI) is underreported among females participating in sports that are considered high risk for lateral ankle sprains. Identifying the prevalence and contextualising the impact may help reinforce the necessity of targeted rehabilitation and injury risk reduction strategies. The primary aim was to conduct an international study identifying the prevalence of CAI and impact on ankle function and quality of life of females participating in high-risk sports.

Novel insights into the Leishmania infantum transcriptome diversity of protein-coding and non-coding sequences in both stages of parasite development using nanopore direct RNA sequencing.

Background: relies on posttranscriptional control to regulate gene expression. Protein-coding genes are synthesised as polycistronic precursors that are processed into individual mRNAs by -splicing adding the spliced leader (SL) RNA to the 5’-end and 3’ cleavage-polyadenylation. Here, we employ Nanopore direct RNA sequencing (DRS) combined with Illumina RNA-Seq to comprehensively interrogate the transcriptomes of developmental stages at single-molecule resolution.

The global seafood trade, embodied nutrients, and nutritional affordability.

Globalization of seafood markets raises concerns about nutritional insecurity, as developing countries export nutrient-dense seafood to developed countries. However, imported seafood may offset nutritional losses from exports. Developing countries import seafood with low prices relative to developed countries, raising questions of whether low-price imports provide less nutrition and contribute to nutritional insecurity.

Visible Light-Promoted Construction of Cage-Like Frameworks by Sequential [2 + 2] Cycloaddition.

A sequential [2 + 2] cycloaddition of unsaturated -acylindoles was developed under visible light irradiation in the presence of a photosensitizer, forming unprecedented cage-like medium-ring frameworks in high yields. By exploiting the distinct reactivity and selectivity of two types of olefins within the substrate, the transformation provides a single-step and atom-economical approach to such molecules with exclusive regio- and diastereoselectivity, excellent functional group tolerance, and mild reaction conditions. Experimental mechanistic and calculation studies suggest that this reaction proceeds through an energy transfer pathway in this double [2 + 2] cycloaddition process.

Morphological characteristics of the thoracolumbar fascia: relationship to chronic low back pain and back extension strength.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between different characteristics of the Thoracolumbar Fascia (TLF) (e.g., length, epimuscular fat distribution) with pain status and lumbar extension strength in a sample of participants with and without chronic low back pain (CLBP).

Comparative genome analysis investigation of nosocomial and community-acquired cases of Legionnaires' disease caused by ST2858 and ST378.

Eight cases of Legionnaires' disease caused by serogroup 1 sequence type (ST) ST2858 were detected within 4 years in Montréal, Canada. Most cases were associated with a single healthcare facility, and one of them presented with a co-infection, from which ST378 was isolated as well. The source of ST2858 was not identified, despite extensive environmental sampling.

Therapeutic Mentalization in Group Therapy: Development and Preliminary Validation of a Measure of Experienced Mentalization.

Our paper reports on the development and psychometric properties of the Therapeutic Mentalization Scale for Group Therapy (TMS-GT). The TMS-GT is an 11-item self-report measure designed to assess individuals' experiences of having been mentalized in group therapy. Two combined samples of adults (n = 157; M = 28.

NeutralNet: an application of deep neural networks to pulse shape discrimination for use with accelerator-based neutron sources.

Recent works have implemented machine learning based solutions for many complex classification tasks including pulse shape discrimination in radiation detection. The present work aims to advance the application of machine learning to pulse shape discrimination in neutron detection. A machine learning based neutron-gamma discrimination technique is investigated for various neutron energy distributions produced from DD, DT, (α,n), and spontaneous fission neutron sources.

is a chancelloriid and not a Cambrian mollusk.

The Cambrian evolutionary radiation is noted for its profusion of bizarre and unfamiliar body forms, many of which illuminate the early ancestry of major animal groups. The spine-covered fossil (Cambrian Stage 4, Yunnan, China) has been interpreted as intermediate between mollusks and their lophotrochozoan ancestors. Our new material challenges this interpretation.

Naloxone dosing in the era of synthetic opioids: Applying the Goldilocks principle.

The opioid overdose epidemic remains a critical public health crisis. In recent years, synthetic opioids like fentanyl and nitazenes, have driven a sharp rise in deaths. Naloxone, an opioid receptor antagonist, has been established as a key intervention for reversing opioid overdoses and saving lives.

ERC 2.0 - evolutionary rate covariation update improves inference of functional interactions across large phylogenies.

Evolutionary Rate Covariation (ERC) is an established comparative genomics method that identifies sets of genes sharing patterns of sequence evolution, which suggests shared function. Whereas many functional predictions of ERC have been empirically validated, its predictive power has hitherto been limited by its inability to tackle the large numbers of species in contemporary comparative genomics datasets. This study introduces ERC2.

IHPBA White Paper - The improvement of management pathways and access to care in sub-Saharan Africa for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.

During its 2022 World Congress in New York the International Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Association (IHPBA) launched the Legacy Initiative, aiming to create sustainable, positive impacts in host countries or regions by addressing critical healthcare challenges in the field of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary surgery. The 2024 Legacy Initiative focused on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), a region disproportionately burdened by this disease due to a high incidence, limited healthcare infrastructure and resources, lack of screening programs, low awareness, and financial constraints. HCC, the sixth most common malignancy globally, is often diagnosed at advanced stages in SSA, leading to dismal outcomes.

Inter-rater variability for the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification in patients undergoing hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery (MILESTONE-2): international survey among surgeons and anaesthesiologists.

Background: Patients undergoing hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery are typically preoperatively assessed using the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, which is also used for case-mix adjustment when comparing centre outcomes. Studies determining the inter-rater variability of the ASA classification within hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery are currently lacking.

Methods: An international survey was collected and a case-vignette study was performed (November 2022-April 2023) regarding the ASA classification in patients undergoing hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery among anaesthesiologists and surgeons from (inter)national societies.

High BMI is a specific risk factor for drug-related mortality in patients receiving methadone: A case control study.

Background And Aims: Long-term treatment of opioid dependence with the opioid agonist therapy (OAT) methadone can lead to significant weight gain. This study investigated whether OAT patients with a body mass index (BMI) deemed overweight (≥25) are at increased risk of mortality.

Methods: A retrospective case-control study was performed with anonymised data collected from living and deceased persons registered as receiving OAT from Derbyshire or Teesside drug and alcohol services in the United Kingdom.

Continental influx and pervasive matrilocality in Iron Age Britain.

Roman writers found the relative empowerment of Celtic women remarkable. In southern Britain, the Late Iron Age Durotriges tribe often buried women with substantial grave goods. Here we analyse 57 ancient genomes from Durotrigian burial sites and find an extended kin group centred around a single maternal lineage, with unrelated (presumably inward migrating) burials being predominantly male.

Neonatal encephalopathy: when the diagnosis is not hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy.

Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) presents as reduced consciousness, often with seizures, abnormal tone, feeding and respiratory difficulties. The most common cause is secondary to a hypoxic-ischaemic event. However, there are many important diagnoses that can also present as NE, so-called 'hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy (HIE) mimics'.