Anti-interleukin-5 efficacy in an inclisiran-triggered eosinophilic myocarditis: a case report.

Background: Eosinophilic myocarditis is a rare condition that can be associated with hypersensitivity reactions. Endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) is required for diagnosis, especially when cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) is inconclusive. Immunosuppressive treatment is usually limited to corticosteroids.

Vocal biomarkers correlate with FEV1 variations during methacholine challenge.

Background: Mobile health applications are increasingly valued for their role in asthma management and the opportunity for large dataset collection. Our study aimed to investigate the feasibility of applying signal-processing and machine-learning technologies to detect alterations in the lower airway caliber and develop a machine-learning algorithm to identify changes in vocal biomarkers and detect bronchoconstriction in patients with airway hyperreactivity.

Methods: This is an explorative observational prospective longitudinal study focused on vocal biomarkers and their association with bronchial constriction and respiratory function.

Hereditary angioedema: current therapeutic management and future approaches.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review is to provide an account of the focus of therapeutic strategies for hereditary angioedema (HAE), give a brief overview of those used in the past and set aside and toughly discuss those currently available as first line. Further research is ongoing and the future therapeutic approaches that are still in different phases of study will be reviewed as well.

Recent Findings: In the last two decades, major research advancements on HAE pathophysiology and management were made and numerous novel therapeutic options are now available.

Sleep quality burden in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and its modulation by dupilumab.

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is associated with a substantial burden on patients' quality of life and impaired sleep quality. The most common CRSwNP endotype is characterized by type 2 inflammation, with enhanced production of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Dupilumab is a monoclonal antibody against IL-4 receptor-α, which inhibits both IL-4 and IL-13 signaling, and was recently approved for treatment of CRSwNP.

Polyethylene Glycol and Polysorbate 80 Skin Tests in the Context of an Allergic Risk Assessment for Hypersensitivity Reactions to Anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines.

Concern has arisen about hypersensitivity reactions in patients with allergic reactions to drugs containing polyethylene glycol (PEG) or polysorbate 80 (PS80), excipients of currently available anti-SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. However, the actual utility of PEG and PS80 skin allergy testing is currently still debated. We retrospectively analyzed all cases of patients on whom we performed allergometric skin tests for PEG and PS80 in the context of a pre-vaccination screening (for patients with multiple hypersensitivity reactions to drugs for which these excipients were among the suspected agents) or following suspected hypersensitivity reactions to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines.

Desensitization Protocols for Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines in Patients with High Risk of Allergic Reactions.

Vaccines for SAR-CoV-2 are the most effective preventive treatment able to reduce the risk of contracting the infection and experiencing worse outcomes whenever the infection is contracted. Despite their rarity, hypersensitivity reactions to the anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine have been described and could become the reason not to complete the vaccination. Desensitization protocols for other vaccines have been described and validated, while the use of this approach for anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines is still anecdotal.

The Prevalence of Immediate Hypersensitivity Reactions to the BNT162b2 mRNA Vaccine against SARS-CoV-2: Data from the Vaccination Campaign in a Large Academic Hospital.

The anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination has probably been the most effective tool for preventing the infection and negative outcomes of the COVID-19 disease, and therefore for interrupting the pandemic state. The first licensed SARS-CoV-2 vaccine was BNT162b2, an mRNA vaccine that has been widely used since the earliest stages of the global vaccination campaign. Since the beginning of the vaccination campaign, some cases of suspected allergic reactions to BNT162b2 have been described.

Cofactors, age at onset, allergic comorbidities and gender are different in patients sensitized to omega-5 gliadin and Pru p 3.

Aim of this study is to clarify the impact of cofactors on allergic reactions in patients sensitized to LTP and ω-5-gliadin. We retrospectively examined the charts of our outpatients from January 2015 to July 2019 and identified 157 patients seen for urticaria/angioedema or anaphylaxis after a meal, in presence or absence of cofactors and sensitized to LTPs (Pru p 3 and/or Tri a 14) and/or ω-5-gliadin (Tri a 19). we compared LTPs-positive patients and those sensitized to Tri a 19 in order to assess the difference in cofactors involved and in frequency of clinical presentation.

Nasal cytology as a reliable non-invasive procedure to phenotype patients with type 2 chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: The identification of type-2 inflammation in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) acquires a crucial role in the endotypization needed for selecting patients for biological drugs targeting type-2 inflammation: to date, the parameters used include systemic and histological biomarkers. The aim of this study was to investigate whether nasal cytology could identify type-2 inflammation in patients with CRSwNP.

Methodology: Thirty-three consecutive patients with CRSwNP underwent nasal cytology sampling at the level of the lower nasal turbinate, and of the polypoid tissue, and surgical polyp tissue sample was collected.