Frontline acalabrutinib, lenalidomide and rituximab for advanced stage follicular lymphoma with high tumor burden: phase II trial.

This phase II trial aims to determine the efficacy and safety of frontline acalabrutinib, lenalidomide and rituximab for patients with advanced stage follicular lymphoma (FL) and high tumor burden. The primary endpoint was best complete response (CR) rate; the secondary endpoints were overall response rate (ORR), duration of response measured as CR at 30 months (CR30), progression of disease at 24 months (POD24) rate, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival and safety. Twenty-four patients with previously untreated FL were included in this phase 2 single arm study (NCT04404088).

Causal mediation analysis: what is it and how can it be used to inform practice and policy?

Background: Causal mediation, a quantitative analysis method, has the potential to be a valuable addition to any primary care provider, researcher, or student's toolbox.

Objective: This manuscript describes the theory behind causal mediation, provides a running example to help understand the application of this method in research, and explains how the results may be applied practically to help design appropriate interventions.

Methods And Application: Causal mediation allows an exploration of the mechanism of action of a primary care intervention on an outcome that may pass through a third variable that is on the causal pathway, a mediator.

A phase 2 study of obinutuzumab combined with lenalidomide in previously untreated high tumor burden follicular lymphoma.

Follicular lymphoma (FL) has a clinical course that is often characterized by high response rates to first-line therapy, followed by multiple relapses over a prolonged natural history. Currently, there are multiple possible approaches to frontline therapy for untreated advanced-stage FL, but there is an ongoing debate around what is the preferred approach. Based on the benefits seen with combining lenalidomide, an immunomodulatory agent, with rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of lenalidomide in combination with obinuzutumab, an anti-CD20 antibody with enhanced antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity.

The Experience of Caregivers of Older Adults With Dementia in Using Telemedicine in a Primary Care Setting of Canada During COVID-19.

Background: Primary care is essential in dementia management, offering diagnosis, treatment, and support for people living with dementia (PLWD) and their caregivers. Telemedicine became a key advancement during the COVID-19 pandemic, offering crucial access to care. This study explores the pros and cons of telemedicine for dementia care during the pandemic to guide future improvements.

Biomarkers of Fumonisin Exposure in Pigs Fed the Maximum Recommended Level in Europe.

This study investigated biomarkers of fumonisin exposure in pigs fed diets contaminated with fumonisins at the European Union's maximum recommended level. Pigs were assigned to either a fumonisin (FB) diet or a fumonisin plus AlgoClay (FB + AC) diet for durations of 4, 9, and 14 days. At 14 days, the plasma Sa1P:So1P ratio increased in pigs fed the FB diet, while the Sa:So ratio remained unchanged.

Phase 2 trial of ibrutinib and nivolumab in patients with relapsed CNS lymphomas.

Treatment options are limited for both relapsed/refractory primary and secondary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma and the prognosis remains poor. Previous studies have shown the activity of Bruton tyrosine kinase inhibitors and programmed death-1-targeted therapies in CNS lymphoma, and studies suggested potential synergy. Therefore, we conducted a phase 2 trial that combined ibrutinib with nivolumab for patients with relapsed/refractory CNS lymphoma.

Positive impact of dietary marine sulfated polysaccharides derived from macroalgae during a necrotic enteritis challenge.

Caused by the Gram-positive bacteria Clostridium perfringens, necrotic enteritis (NE) is an enteric disease with significant economic implications in broiler production. This study employed an experimental NE model involving co-infection with Eimeria maxima and C. perfringens to assess whether sulfate polysaccharides extracted from marine macroalgae could mitigate the adverse effects of NE in broilers.

Deoxynivalenol Induces Local Inflammation and Lesions in Tissues at Doses Recommended by the EU.

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) is frequently present in cereals at low levels, resulting in its occurrence in food and feed. DON has been proven to alter the immune response and induce inflammation in all species, with pigs exhibiting heightened sensitivity and exposure. However, no study has yet evaluated the effects of exposure to DON at the recommended levels in pig feed.

Outcomes and toxicities in patients with diffuse-large B cell lymphoma involving the gastrointestinal tract and digestive organs.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) involving the gastrointestinal (GI) organs is rare, and real-world outcomes after combined modality therapy (CMT) with systemic therapy (ST) and radiotherapy (RT) are not well-characterized, particularly in the contemporary era. We characterized outcomes in a large cohort of GI-DLBCL patients treated with ST alone or CMT.

Methods: Patients with GI-DLBCL treated at a single institution were retrospectively reviewed.

Response-Adapted Ultralow-Dose Radiation Therapy for Orbital Indolent B-Cell Lymphoma: A Phase 2 Nonrandomized Controlled Trial.

Importance: Radiation therapy to doses of 24 to 36 Gy is currently used to treat indolent B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa; however, ocular adverse effects are common.

Objective: To determine if a response-adapted radiation therapy strategy will result in excellent disease outcomes while reducing orbital morbidity.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This single-institution, phase 2 prospective nonrandomized controlled trial of a response-adapted strategy involved 50 evaluable patients with stage I to IV indolent B-cell lymphoma of the ocular adnexa enrolled between July 2015 and January 2021.

Response-adapted ultra-low-dose 4 Gy radiation as definitive therapy of gastric MALT lymphoma: a single-centre, pilot trial.

Background: Given the favourable prognosis of patients with gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, treatment-related toxicity should be minimised. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of 4 Gy radiotherapy given in a response-adapted approach.

Methods: We conducted a single-centre, single-arm, prospective trial at MD Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX, USA) of response-adapted ultra-low-dose radiotherapy.

An Algoclay-Based Decontaminant Decreases Exposure to Aflatoxin B, Ochratoxin A, and Deoxynivalenol in a Toxicokinetic Model, as well as Supports Intestinal Morphology, and Decreases Liver Oxidative Stress in Broiler Chickens Fed a Diet Naturally Contaminated with Deoxynivalenol.

The aims of this study were (i) to determine the effect of an algoclay-based decontaminant on the oral availability of three mycotoxins (deoxynivalenol; DON, ochratoxin A; OTA, and aflatoxin B; AFB) using an oral bolus model and (ii) to determine the effect of this decontaminant on the performance, intestinal morphology, liver oxidative stress, and metabolism, in broiler chickens fed a diet naturally contaminated with DON. In experiment 1, sixteen 27-day-old male chickens (approximately 1.6 kg body weight; BW) were fasted for 12 h and then given a bolus containing either the mycotoxins (0.

Probiotics and in-hive fermentation as a source of beneficial microbes to support the gut microbial health of honey bees.

Managed populations of honey bees (Apis mellifera Linnaeus; Hymenoptera: Apidae) are regularly exposed to infectious diseases. Good hive management including the occasional application of antibiotics can help mitigate infectious outbreaks, but new beekeeping tools and techniques that bolster immunity and help control disease transmission are welcome. In this review, we focus on the applications of beneficial microbes for disease management as well as to support hive health and sustainability within the apicultural industry.

Immediate Results of the Use of Split-Thickness Skin Autografts With and Without Acellular Dermal Matrix in Patients with Burns: A Comparative Study in a Colombian Population.

Dermal substitutes have become fundamental tools for covering skin defects, most recently with biological subtypes such as glycerolized acellular dermal matrix (GADM). However, literature regarding this matter is scarce in Latin America and Colombia. In this descriptive observational study, we compared the use of partial skin autografts (PSA) combined with GADM and autografts without GADM.

Bronchodilator Response in FEF for the Diagnosis of Asthma in Children.

Background: Spirometry tests with a bronchodilator response (BDR) in FEV a methacholine concentration that produces a 20% drop in FEV (PC) ≤ 2 mg/mL, and a positive exercise test have high specificity for the diagnosis of asthma in children. However, the value of forced expiratory flow during the middle half of the FVC maneuver (FEF) in spirometry has been questioned. The objective of this study was to relate the BDR in FEF of spirometry tests with normal FEV and FEV/FVC to airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) to methacholine or exercise in children age 5-15 y with clinical suspicion of asthma.

Treatment with the senolytics dasatinib/quercetin reduces SARS-CoV-2-related mortality in mice.

The enormous societal impact of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has been particularly harsh for some social groups, such as the elderly. Recently, it has been suggested that senescent cells could play a central role in pathogenesis by exacerbating the pro-inflammatory immune response against SARS-CoV-2. Therefore, the selective clearance of senescent cells by senolytic drugs may be useful as a therapy to ameliorate the symptoms of COVID-19 in some cases.

Microbiological and chemical characterization of water kefir: An innovative source of potential probiotics for bee nutrition.

We evaluated the microbial composition of water kefir grains and beverage over the course of one year to determine whether the number and type of microorganisms changed over the time. Bacteria and yeast colonies with different morphologies were isolated from water kefir and their antimicrobial activity was evaluated against Paenibacillus larvae and Ascosphaera apis. A chemical characterization of kefir was also carried out.

Outcome in a series of 1135 twin pregnancies: does the type of conception play a role?

Background: The rate of twin pregnancies conceived via assisted reproductive technology has increased markedly in recent years. The elevated number of multiple pregnancies is the most serious and frequent complication of assisted reproductive technology. Twin pregnancies are associated with higher rates of obstetrical complications, preterm delivery, and perinatal morbidity and mortality than singleton pregnancies.

A phase 1/2 study of lenalidomide and obinutuzumab with CHOP for newly diagnosed DLBCL.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) can be cured with rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP); however, one-third of patients experience refractory or relapsed disease. Studies comparing R-CHOP with modified regimens replacing R with obinutuzumab (O) or adding lenalidomide (L) did not result in improved outcomes; however, L and O together may enhance natural killer-cell mediated antibody-dependent cellular toxicity when paired with CHOP. Here, we report on a phase 1b/2 study of 53 patients with newly diagnosed DLBCL who received 6 cycles of LO-CHOP.

Second malignancies in patients with Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Half a century of experience.

Purpose: Therapeutic improvements for Hodgkin's Lymphoma (HL) has resulted in excellent survival outcomes. Thus, patients are increasing susceptible to developing secondary malignancy (SM) a feared iatrogenic complication.

Materials & Methods: We evaluated the SM risk in a cohort of patients with HL treated over a 50-year period.

The Clinical Impact of Neoadjuvant Endocrine Treatment on Luminal-like Breast Cancers and Its Prognostic Significance: Results from a Single-Institution Prospective Cohort Study.

Purpose: Neoadjuvant endocrine treatment (NET) has become a useful tool for the downstaging of luminal-like breast cancers in postmenopausal patients. It enables us to increase breast- conserving surgery (BCS) rates, provides an opportunity for us to assess in vivo NET effectiveness, and allows us to study any biological changes that may act as valid biomarkers. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of NET, and to assess the role of Ki67 proliferation rate changes as an indicator of endocrine responsiveness.

Goiter surgery recommendations in sub-Saharan Africa in humanitarian cooperation.

Background: The standard treatment for endemic goiter is usually total thyroidectomy. In low- and middle-income countries, the management of thyroid disease, which is commonplace in fully developed countries, is not always possible. The purpose of this study is to establish a treatment algorithm to calculate the extent of thyroidectomy based on the risk factors of each patient.