Etiology of Severe Pneumonia in Intubated Children: A Case-Control Study in Children 1-24 Months of Age in a Tertiary Hospital in South India.

Identification of the etiological agent in severe pneumonia is limited by factors such as the poor yield from blood samples and the presence of colonizers in the respiratory tract. Samples from the lower respiratory tract could be more representative of the etiological agent causing pneumonia. We conducted a case-control study to determine the etiology of community-acquired severe pneumonia requiring intubation.

Prevalence and risk factors of pre-senile lens opacities in the 1969-73 Vellore Birth Cohort.

Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and determine predictors of lens opacities (LO) among South Asian Indians aged 41-44 years.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1080 participants from the Vellore Birth Cohort, Vellore, South India. All underwent anthropometric measurements, detailed ophthalmic examination including assessment of LO by LOCS III classification and biochemical metabolic measurements.

Prevalence and predictors of long COVID at 1 year in a cohort of hospitalized patients: A multicentric qualitative and quantitative study.

Introduction: According to WHO long COVID is defined as a continuation or development of new symptoms 3 months after the initial SARS-CoV-2 infection, with these symptoms lasting for at least 2 months with no other explanation. We followed up patients after an episode of acute COVID-19 for 1 year after hospital discharge from different parts of India.

Methods: This was a multi-centric study among patients ≥18 years hospitalized with COVID-19, which recruited patients at 6 weeks after hospital discharge (baseline).

A matched pair analysis of outcomes after stapler-assisted pharyngeal closure following laryngectomy.

Objective: To compare perioperative and oncological outcomes between stapler and manual closure in patients undergoing total laryngectomy for advanced endolaryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Methods: Patients with advanced endolaryngeal tumours operated between July 2017 and July 2023 were retrospectively dichotomised into stapler closure and manual closure cohorts and compared.

Results: Seventy-one patients with a median age of 57 years were included in our study.

Assessment of renal function in persons with motor complete spinal cord injury-cystatin C as an accurate single marker.

Study Design: Observational cohort.

Aim: To show that Cystatin C is an accurate single marker to estimate GFR in motor complete persons with SCI.

Objectives: To assess if Cystatin C is an accurate for estimating GFR in persons with SCI with no preserved motor power.

Distinct opposing associations of upper and lower body fat depots with metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk markers.

Background: To examine the associations of total and regional adiposity with metabolic and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk markers.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1080 (53.8% men, aged 39-44 years) individuals from South India.

Common mental disorders among women and its social correlates in an urban marginalized populace in South India.

Background: Common mental disorders (CMD) cause a range of health, social and economic burden, and disorders like depression and anxiety are more prevalent among women. Prevalence and factors contributing to increased vulnerability for CMDs have regional variation. Identification of factors contributing to the vulnerability is essential to both psychiatric epidemiology and in addressing mental health challenges in the community.

Handling objects with very wet skin reduce variability during precision grip task.

Several extrinsic factors affect precision grip task variability. Presence of moisture in glabrous skin can regulate the impact of extrinsic factors. Consequently, wetness may influence the precision grip task variability per se by regulating its force, rate and time parameters.

Quantitative Assessment of Hand Dysfunction in Patients with Early Parkinson's Disease and Focal Hand Dystonia.

Objective: Motor impairments related to hand function are common symptoms in patients with movement disorders, such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and focal hand dystonia (FHD). However, hand dysfunction has not been quantitatively assessed as a clinical tool for screening patient groups from healthy controls (HCs). The aim of our study was 1) to quantitatively assess hand dysfunction in patients with PD and FHD and its usefulness as a screening tool 2) to grade disease severity in PD and FHD based on hand dysfunction.

Measuring Poverty in Southern India: A Comparison of Socio-Economic Scales Evaluated against Childhood Stunting.

Introduction: Socioeconomic status (SES) scales measure poverty, wealth and economic inequality in a population to guide appropriate economic and public health policies. Measurement of poverty and comparison of material deprivation across nations is a challenge. This study compared four SES scales which have been used locally and internationally and evaluated them against childhood stunting, used as an indicator of chronic deprivation, in urban southern India.

The role of vitamin D in post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia: Still an enigma.

Background: There is conflicting evidence regarding the role of vitamin D deficiency in the development of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia. Recent reports show postoperative parathormone (PTH) is unreliable in predicting post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia in vitamin D deficient patients. We conducted this study to analyze the role of vitamin D status in the development of post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia and to evaluate its effect on the predictability of PTH as a marker for post-thyroidectomy hypocalcemia.