Trends in cannabis use among those with and without a cancer diagnosis according to state-level cannabis policy: findings from the PATH Study, Waves 1-5 (2013-2019).

Purpose: Individual states have implemented legal cannabis policies. Individuals with a cancer diagnosis increasingly consume cannabis. It is uncertain whether state-level cannabis policies are differentially associated with trends in cannabis use among those diagnosed with cancer vs.

Comparison of Nicotine and Selected Flavorings Content Between Tobacco-Free and Tobacco-Containing Oral Pouches.

Introduction: Flavored oral tobacco-free pouches (ONPs) are novel products that resemble traditional oral tobacco-containing pouches (OTPs) in design and route of administration. However, ONPs contain nicotine, various additives, and a filler material rather than tobacco leaves. Our study compares nicotine content, release, and form, along with selected flavorings content, between brands of ONPs and OTPs.

Stability of Flavoring Chemicals in e-Cigarette Liquids: A Naturalistic Product Aging Study over 24 months.

Flavoring chemicals commonly used in many consumer products, including pharmaceuticals, foods, and beverages, deteriorate over time. Flavoring chemicals are also common additives in e-cigarette liquid formulations, but their stability in vaping products has not been evaluated. Since e-cigarette liquids are exposed to varying environmental conditions during storage and use, we assessed the stabilities of 20 flavoring chemicals commonly used in vaping products, including benzaldehyde (cherry flavor), menthol (cooling flavor), and vanillin (vanilla flavor).

Menthol Characterizing Flavors in Cigarettes on Sale in England After a Characterizing Flavor Ban: Findings From Sensory and Chemical Assessments.

Introduction: In May 2020, the United Kingdom banned menthol as a characteristic flavor in cigarettes. This study aimed to test cigarettes on sale in England in 2021-2022 for menthol and other characterizing flavors, through sensory and chemical testing.

Aims And Methods: Assessments were conducted for 20 cigarette brands (16 tests and four reference products).

Switching between vaping devices, nicotine concentration, and flavors among people who use e-cigarettes daily: Results from a 12-Month longitudinal study.

Background: E-cigarettes vary widely in product characteristics (e.g., device type, nicotine concentration, and flavor).

Biomarkers of Nicotine and Tobacco Carcinogen Exposure in Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Black Adults Receiving a Brief Smoking Reduction Intervention.

Background: Retrospective reporting of cigarette use can affect the accuracy of outcomes in tobacco treatment trials. The inclusion of objective measures of smoking, such as biomarkers of nicotine and tobacco exposure, is recommended. Most trials examining biomarkers after a behavioral intervention have included predominantly White adults enrolled in cessation, versus reduction, trials.

Nicotine Exposure From Smoking Tobacco and Vaping Among Adolescents.

Importance: It remains unknown whether nicotine intake among youths who vape is lower, comparable, or higher than among youths who smoke.

Objective: To examine potential differences in biomarkers of exposure to nicotine (1) between adolescents who smoke tobacco, vape, both vape and smoke (dual use), or do not use; (2) between adolescents in 3 countries; and (3) by nicotine content and form in the vaping product last used among adolescents who exclusively vaped.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This population-based, observational cross-sectional study invited adolescents aged 16 to 19 years in Canada, England, and the US who had previously completed national surveys to participate in a biomarker study based on their vaping and smoking status.

Biomarkers of Toxicant Exposure among Youth in Canada, England, and the United States Who Vape and/or Smoke Tobacco or Do Neither.

Background: Few studies examine biomarkers of exposure to vaping and tobacco products among youth. We compared biomarkers for toxicants between youth who vape, smoke, "dual-use", or neither.

Methods: Participants ages 16 to 19 years in Canada, England, and the United States completed surveys and self-collected urine samples between September 2019 and January 2022 (N = 364).

Functionally important respiratory symptoms and continued cigarette use versus e-cigarette switching: population assessment of tobacco and health study waves 2-6.

Background: Substitution of noncombustible tobacco products for cigarettes could improve respiratory symptoms. We hypothesized that complete cigarette-to-e-cigarette switching would improve respiratory symptoms compared to continued smoking.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis of data from waves 2-6 (W2-W6; 2014-2021) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study, an observational cohort study that surveyed 5653 US adults ≥18 years without COPD/chronic bronchitis/emphysema.

Oral nicotine pouches for cessation or reduction of use of other tobacco or nicotine products.

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (intervention). The objectives are as follows: Primary objectives To evaluate the benefits and harms of oral nicotine pouches when used to help people transition away from combustible tobacco use (smoking) To evaluate the impact of oral nicotine products on the prevalence of combustible tobacco use Secondary objectives To evaluate the benefits and harms of oral nicotine pouches when used to help people transition away from other non-combustible tobacco/commercial nicotine product use To evaluate the impact of oral nicotine products on the prevalence of use of other non-combustible tobacco/commercial nicotine products.

Cannabis vaping elicits transcriptomic and metabolomic changes involved in inflammatory, oxidative stress, and cancer pathways in human bronchial epithelial cells.

The increasing shift from cannabis smoking to cannabis vaping is largely driven by the perception that vaping to form an aerosol represents a safer alternative to smoking and is a form of consumption appealing to youth. Herein, we compared the chemical composition and receptor-mediated activity of cannabis smoke extract (CaSE) to cannabis vaping extract (CaVE) along with the biological response in human bronchial epithelial cells. Chemical analysis using HPLC and GC/MS revealed that cannabis vaping aerosol contained fewer toxicants than smoke; CaSE and CaVE contained teratogens, carcinogens, and respiratory toxicants.

The Impact of E-Cigarettes on Oral Health-A Narrative Review.

: Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are commonly used by former smokers as an alternative product to conventional cigarettes and also by young adults and adolescents to deliver nicotine. E-cigarettes are thought to be a less harmful and more socially acceptable alternative to tobacco smoking; however, their long-term effects on health, including oral health, are currently unknown. : A literature search for relevant papers indexed in the literature from 2016 to 2023 was conducted using the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases.

Biomarkers of Exposure to Nicotine and Selected Toxicants in Individuals Who Use Alternative Tobacco Products Sold in Japan and Canada from 2018 to 2019.

Background: Comparisons of nicotine and toxicant exposures between people who use different alternative tobacco products remain underexplored.

Methods: This cross-sectional, multicountry study analyzed urinary metabolites of nicotine, tobacco-specific nitrosamines [4-methylnitrosamino-1-3-pyridyl-1-butanone (NNK)], and volatile organic compounds (acrolein, acrylamide, and acrylonitrile) among established users (n = 550) in Japan and Canada. Participants exclusively or concurrently used nicotine vaping products (NVP; Canada only), heated tobacco products (HTP; Japan only), and combustible cigarettes (CC; Japan and Canada) or abstained (Japan and Canada).

Can switching from cigarettes to heated tobacco products reduce consequences of pulmonary infection?

Rationale: While tobacco industry data suggests that switching from combustible cigarettes to heated tobacco products (HTPs), like IQOS, may reduce the users' exposure to respiratory toxicants, it is not known if using HTPs impacts the outcomes of acute respiratory infections.

Objectives: Does switching from cigarettes to HTPs improve responses to pulmonary infection.

Methods: We conducted experiments in which 3 groups of mice were pre-exposed to cigarette smoke for 8 weeks, followed by 8-week exposure to (1) HTPs (tobacco product switching), (2) air (smoking cessation), or (3) continued exposure to cigarette smoke.

Toxicity of waterpipe tobacco smoking: the role of flavors, sweeteners, humectants, and charcoal.

Waterpipe tobacco (WPT) smoking is a public health concern, particularly among youth and young adults. The global spread of WPT use has surged because the introduction of pre-packaged flavored and sweetened WPT, which is widely marketed as a safer tobacco alternative. Besides flavorants and sugars, WPT additives include humectants, which enhance the moisture and sweetness of WPT, act as solvents for flavors, and impart smoothness to the smoke, thus increasing appeal to users.