Comparison of an Energy-Reduced Mediterranean Diet and Physical Activity Versus an Ad Libitum Mediterranean Diet in the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes : A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Limited research has been done to evaluate the combined effect of energy reduction, Mediterranean diet (MedDiet), and physical activity on type 2 diabetes incidence.

Objective: To evaluate whether an energy-reduced MedDiet (erMedDiet) plus physical activity reduces diabetes incidence compared with a standard MedDiet.

Design: Prespecified secondary outcome analysis in the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea)-Plus randomized, single-blinded, controlled trial.

Cohort Profile: CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in NAvarra (CARDIANA cohort).

Purpose: The CArdiovascular Risk in patients with DIAbetes in Navarra (CARDIANA cohort) cohort was established to assess the effects of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 (T2D) diabetes, with a special focus on socioeconomic factors, and to validate and develop cardiovascular risk models for these patients.

Participants: The CARDIANA cohort included all patients with T1D and T2D diabetes registered in the Public Health Service of Navarra with prevalent disease on 1 January 2012. It consisted of 1067 patients with T1D (ages 2-88 years) and 33842 patients with T2D (ages 20-105 years), whose data were retrospectively extracted from the Health and Administrative System Databases.

Relationship between soluble protein ST2 (sST2) levels and microvascular complications in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To determine the association and the prognostic value of soluble ST2 (sST2) levels in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic macular oedema (DMO) or diabetic nephropathy (DN), in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).

Methods: A total of 269 individuals with T1D (154 males and 115 females) were recruited. The overall mean age was 43.

Schizophrenia and Hospital Admissions for Cardiovascular Events in a Large Population: The APNA Study.

(1) Background: Patients with schizophrenia have higher mortality, with cardiovascular diseases being the first cause of mortality. This study aims to estimate the excess risk of hospital admission for cardiovascular events in schizophrenic patients, adjusting for comorbidity and risk factors. (2) Methods: The APNA study is a dynamic prospective cohort of all residents in Navarra, Spain.

Variability in the Control of Type 2 Diabetes in Primary Care and Its Association with Hospital Admissions for Vascular Events. The APNA Study.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity, mortality, and hospital admissions. This study aimed to analyze how the differences in delivered care (variability of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) achieved targets) affect hospital admissions for cardiovascular events (CVEs) in T2D patients. Methods: We analyzed the electronic records in primary care health centers at Navarra (Spain) and hospital admission for CVEs.

Achievement of cardiovascular risk factor targets according to sex and previous history of cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: A population-based study.

Aims: The main objective was to assess, using real-practice primary care records, the degree of control of cardiovascular risk factor targets. Records were stratified by the presence of previous history or cardiovascular disease (CVD), and sex differences in the fulfillment profile were analyzed.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional population-based study conducted in Spain.

Effects of a Mediterranean Eating Plan on the Need for Glucose-Lowering Medications in Participants With Type 2 Diabetes: A Subgroup Analysis of the PREDIMED Trial.

Objective: To examine the effects of two Mediterranean eating plans (Med-EatPlans) versus a low-fat eating plan on the need for glucose-lowering medications.

Research Design And Methods: From the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial, we selected 3,230 participants with type 2 diabetes at baseline. These participants were randomly assigned to one of three eating plans: Med-EatPlan supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO), Med-EatPlan supplemented with mixed nuts, or a low-fat eating plan (control).

Cyclical variation in the incidence of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes during 40 years in Navarra (Spain).

Objective: To trace the evolution of type 1 diabetes (T1D) in Navarre in children under 15, between 1977 and 2016, and their characteristics at onset regarding age and sex.

Subjects And Methods: We performed a descriptive analysis, using prospective-retrospective information. The study included all cases of T1D diagnosed in Navarre in children aged 0 to 14 years old from 1 January 1977 until 31 December 2016.

Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiometabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Background: The aim of this study was to determine if the achievement of control targets in patients with type 2 diabetes was associated with personal socioeconomic factors and if these associations were sex-dependent.

Methods: This cross-sectional, population-based study was conducted in Spain. Glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) level and other clinical parameters were obtained from electronic primary care records (n = 32,638 cases).

Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus in Navarre stabilized in the last eight years.

Objectives: Incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus raises a number of controversies. Our study aim was to contribute to answer the following questions: Is incidence of T1DM increasing? Is age at onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus decreasing? Which are the sex differences? Which are the characteristics in adults?

Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study using data from a primary source and 3 secondary sources from Navarre collected between 01/01/2009 and 12/31/2016. Annual incidence rates and incidence rate expressed as 100,000 person-years were estimated in the study period by age and sex group.

Low Serum Levels of Prealbumin, Retinol Binding Protein, and Retinol Are Frequent in Adult Type 1 Diabetic Patients.

To determine the serum prealbumin (PA), retinol binding protein (RBP), and retinol levels in adult patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) and to analyze some factors related to those levels. A total of 93 patients (47 women) were studied. Age, gender, BMI, duration of diabetes, chronic complications, HbA1c, lipid profile, creatinine, albumin, PA, RBP, and retinol were recorded.

Influence of Age at Diagnosis and Time-Dependent Risk Factors on the Development of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes.

Aim. To determine the influence of age at onset of type 1 diabetes and of traditional vascular risk factors on the development of diabetic retinopathy, in a cohort of patients who have been followed up after onset. Methods.

Incidence and Risk Factors Involved in the Development of Nephropathy in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Follow Up Since Onset.

Objectives: Estimation of the incidence of nephropathy as well as potential risk factors involved in its onset in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes who were followed from diagnosis.

Methods: We studied 716 patients, who were followed for a mean (standard deviation [SD]) of 10.1 (SD: 5.

A new dietary strategy for long-term treatment of the metabolic syndrome is compared with the American Heart Association (AHA) guidelines: the MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) project.

The long-term effects of dietary strategies designed to combat the metabolic syndrome (MetS) remain unknown. The present study evaluated the effectiveness of a new dietary strategy based on macronutrient distribution, antioxidant capacity and meal frequency (MEtabolic Syndrome REduction in NAvarra (RESMENA) diet) for the treatment of the MetS when compared with the American Heart Association guidelines, used as Control. Subjects with the MetS (fifty-two men and forty-one women, age 49 (se 1) years, BMI 36·11 (se 0·5) kg/m²) were randomly assigned to one of two dietary groups.

[Differences by age and gender in the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Navarre, Spain (2009-2011)].

Objective: To determine the incidence of type 1 diabetes in Navarre, irrespective of age, from 2009 to 2011, and its characteristics at onset by age and gender.

Method: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted. Data were obtained from one primary and three secondary sources.

Resistance training improves cardiovascular risk factors in obese women despite a significative decrease in serum adiponectin levels.

Increased circulating adiponectin and insulin sensitivity are usually observed after body fat loss induced by a weight-loss diet. Progressive resistance training (PRT) without a concomitant weight-loss diet significantly decreases visceral fat, thus improving insulin sensitivity. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to ascertain the effects of combined 16-week PRT and weight-loss diet on circulating adiponectin and insulin sensitivity index.

Lower muscle strength gains in older men with type 2 diabetes after resistance training.

This investigation compared the effects of a twice-weekly whole-body supervised progressive resistance training program in older men with type 2 diabetes with those in healthy older men. Twenty sedentary older men participated in a 16-week progressive resistance training study. They were assigned either to a control group (n=11) or to a type 2 diabetes group (n=9).

Association of UCP3 gene -55C>T polymorphism and obesity in a Spanish population.

Background/aims: The uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) gene has been suggested as a possible determinant affecting obesity risk given its function in the regulation of energy metabolism. However, available genetic association studies have been inconsistent, which could be attributable to not considering individual lifestyle patterns, such as physical activity, a factor that affects UCP3 expression. The objective of this study was to assess the association between the UCP3 -55C>T polymorphism and the risk of obesity.

Twice-weekly progressive resistance training decreases abdominal fat and improves insulin sensitivity in older men with type 2 diabetes.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of a twice-weekly progressive resistance training (PRT) program, without a concomitant weight loss diet, on abdominal fat and insulin sensitivity in older men with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: Nine older men (aged 66.6 +/- 3.

Higher obesity risk associated with the exon-8 insertion of the UCP2 gene in a Spanish case-control study.

Objective: We conducted a case-control study to examine the association between the risk of obesity and the exon-8 insertion allele in the UCP2 gene.

Methods: The case series included 157 subjects with a body mass index greater than 30 kg/m(2) (obesity) and no other major disease except for type 2 diabetes; the control series consisted of 150 healthy subjects with a body mass index less than 25 kg/m(2). In total, 307 subjects between ages 20 and 60 y were screened for the exon-8 insertion allele in the UCP2 gene.

Obesity risk is associated with carbohydrate intake in women carrying the Gln27Glu beta2-adrenoceptor polymorphism.

Interindividual differences in the response to dietary intake are, in some cases, genotype dependent. Moreover, genotype-environment interactions may appear when the impact of lifestyle factors (e.g.

Thermogenesis induced by a high-carbohydrate meal in fasted lean and overweight young men: insulin, body fat, and sympathetic nervous system involvement.

Objective: This dietary trial was designed to evaluate the effect of an experimental short-term fasting period followed by a high-carbohydrate meal on energy expenditure, thermogenesis, and sympathetic nervous system activity in normal (body mass index < 25 kg/m(2)) and overweight (body mass index > 27 kg/m(2)) men who were healthy, non-diabetic or with no other endocrine disease, non-smokers, not taking oral prescription medications, and with a stable body weight for the previous 3 mo.

Methods: Fasting and fed energy expenditures and diet-induced thermogenesis were measured after a high-carbohydrate meal in seven overweight and six lean young male subjects by indirect calorimetry. Heart rate, urinary excretion of catecholamines, serum glucose, and insulin were also measured over the experimental fasting (7.