Long-term efficacy and immunopersistence of an -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine: an observational extension study following a randomised, double-blind Phase III clinical trial cohort.

Background: A safe and highly efficacious -produced HPV-16/18 bivalent vaccine (Cecolin®) offers a cost-effective cervical cancer prevention measure. Here, we report data on the long-term efficacy and immunopersistence up to 10 years post-vaccination.

Methods: In the Phase III clinical trial (NCT01735006), 7372 women were enrolled and randomly assigned to receive the HPV or control vaccine (hepatitis E vaccine).

Nasopharyngeal cancer adaptive radiotherapy with CBCT-derived synthetic CT: deep learning-based auto-segmentation precision and dose calculation consistency on a C-Arm linac.

Background: To evaluate the precision of automated segmentation facilitated by deep learning (DL) and dose calculation in adaptive radiotherapy (ART) for nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC), leveraging synthetic CT (sCT) images derived from cone-beam CT (CBCT) scans on a conventional C-arm linac.

Materials And Methods: Sixteen NPC patients undergoing a two-phase offline ART were analyzed retrospectively. The initial (pCT) and adaptive (pCT) CT scans served as gold standard alongside weekly acquired CBCT scans.

Exploring the Association Between Multidimensional Dietary Patterns and Non-Scarring Hair Loss Using Mendelian Randomization.

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) and alopecia areata (AA) impose significant psychosocial burdens. While pharmacological and surgical treatments exist, the role of dietary factors remains underexplored due to methodological limitations in observational studies. This Mendelian randomization (MR) study investigates causal relationships between 187 dietary exposures and hair loss, leveraging genetic variants to address confounding biases.

Clinical Characteristics of Influenza Pneumonia in Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Receiving Immunotherapy.

The objective of this study is to examine the general characteristics, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, and imaging features of patients with lung adenocarcinoma who develop influenza pneumonia while undergoing immunotherapy. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 48 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and pulmonary infections who received immunotherapy as a stand-alone treatment between September 2022 and September 2024 at the Affiliated Hospital of North China University of Science and Technology. Clinical characteristics of patients with concurrent influenza pneumonia were assessed.

Effects of Social Network-Based Health Education on Older Adults With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

To evaluate the effects of social network-based health education on self-management, self-efficacy and HbA1c of older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A convenience sample of 64 elderly T2DM patients with poor glycemic control was randomly divided into two groups. The intervention group received social network-based health education with their nominated social network member for 12 weeks, while the control group received health education alone.

Healthcare providers' perceptions of artificial intelligence in diabetes care: A cross-sectional study in China.

Objectives: Diabetes remains a major global health challenge in China. Artificial intelligence (AI) has demonstrated considerable potential in improving diabetes management. This study aimed to assess healthcare providers' perceptions regarding AI in diabetes care across China.

Enhancing heart disease prediction accuracy with hybrid machine learning.

In this study, cardiovascular disease prediction was performed using adaptive boosting (ADA) and histogram gradient boosting (HGB) machine learning models. To improve their predictive accuracy, metaheuristic optimization algorithms, the Sea-Horse Optimizer (SHO) and the Chaos Game Optimizer (CGO), were integrated with the models. This led to the development of hybrid models: ADSH (ADA + SHO), ADCG (ADA + CGO), HGSH (HGB + SHO), and HGCG (HGB + CGO).

Ozone stress alters amino acid and flavonoid metabolism of Ziziphi Spinosae Folium.

Ground-level ozone (O) is a potent oxidizing agent and a secondary air pollutant that significantly threatens human and plant health. Its effects on medicinal plants have been less studied than crops. Ziziphus jujuba Mill.

Prevalence and clinical characterisation of thyroid dysfunction in COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The prevalence of COPD is increasing annually, accompanied by a growing number of complications and organ function abnormalities. Thyroid dysfunction is prevalent among patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Updated evidence is needed to complement previous systematic reviews on this topic to provide best practice.

The Impact of Case Management on Elderly Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of case management on elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and compare changes in pulmonary function indicators, quality of life, dyspnea, and inhaled medication adherence before and after case management.

Patients And Methods: A total of 199 elderly COPD patients were enrolled from Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital between January 2020 and November 2023. We implemented case management programs including regular patient education, personalized interventions, continuous support systems, and timely feedback mechanisms, and subsequently collected patient data at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after initiating case management.

Effect of Glow Discharge Cold Plasma Treatment on the Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Capacity of Maize.

This study evaluated the effect of cold plasma (CP) on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant capacity of maize. CP treatments were performed using a glow discharge, applying argon and/or nitrogen at 50 W, with different working pressures (75, 100, and 125 Pa) and exposure times (1, 5, and 10 min). The maize samples were analyzed before and after treatments for color, fatty acid value (FAV), malondialdehyde content, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities, total phenol content (TPC), ascorbic acid content, reduced glutathione content, and antioxidant activity.

Microglia-targeting nanosystems that cooperatively deliver Chinese herbal ingredients alleviate behavioral and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease model mice.

The effective treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is challenging because of its complex and controversial pathological mechanisms. Moreover, multiple barriers, such as the blood-brain barrier (BBB), reduce drug delivery efficiency. Microglia-related neuroinflammation has recently attracted increasing attention as a possible cause of AD and has become a novel therapeutic target.

Rapid and Comprehensive Identification of Vincosamide Metabolites in vitro and in vivo in Rats by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography-Quadrupole- Exactive Orbitrap-High Resolution Mass Spectrometry.

Background: Vincosamide, an indole alkaloid extracted from Nauclea officinalis, exhibits a range of pharmacological activities, such as anti-tumor, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. However, despite its promising therapeutic applications, there is a notable gap in research focused on the metabolic pathways of vincosamide.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the metabolism of vincosamide both in vitro and in vivo in rats, and to elucidate its metabolic pathways.

A polysaccharide PFH-3a from Fritillariae hupehensis bulbus: Preparation, structural characterization and antioxidant activity in vitro.

This study reports the structural characterization and in vitro antioxidant activity of a novel polysaccharide, PFH-3a from Fritillariae hupehensis bulbus (FHB) with a weight-average molecular weight (Mw) of about 92.34 KDa, which exhibits a unique glycosidic linkage pattern that has not been previously reported in FHB. Structure of PFH-3a was elucidated through NMR spin system assignment based on comprehensive analyses of 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, identification of sugar residue types by iterative matching against a self-constructed NMR database containing 1875 diverse sugar residues, monosaccharide composition analysis, 1D H qNMR analysis, and glycosidic linkage determination.

Unraveling the gut microbiota's role in PCOS: a new frontier in metabolic health.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine and metabolic disorder affecting reproductive-age women, characterized primarily by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and metabolic abnormalities. In recent years, the gut microbiota has garnered widespread attention for its potential role as a key regulator of host metabolism in the pathogenesis of PCOS. Studies have shown that PCOS patients exhibit dysbiosis in their gut microbiota, characterized by reduced microbial diversity, an imbalance in the ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes, changes in the abundance of specific taxa, and abnormal levels of metabolic products.

Roles of extracellular vesicles from different origins in metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: progress and perspectives.

Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide, associated with systemic metabolic dysregulation. It can progress from simple hepatic steatosis (MAFL) to more severe conditions like Metabolic-Associated Steatohepatitis (MASH), fibrosis, cirrhosis, and Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC). There is a critical lack of reliable non-invasive diagnostic methods and effective pharmaceutical treatments for MAFLD/MASH, emphasizing the need for further research.

The Codonopsis pilosula water extract improves testicular inflammatory aging in D-galactose induced aging mice by modulating the CLEC7A/inflammasome pathway.

Aim Of The Study: Aging-induced testicular inflammation impairs male fertility. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness and mechanism of C. pilosula water extract (CPWE) in preventing testicular inflammation in D-galactose-induced aging mice.

A Machine Learning Model Based on Multi-Phase Contrast-enhanced CT for the Preoperative Prediction of the Muscle-Invasive Status of Bladder Cancer.

Background: Muscle infiltration of bladder cancer has become the most important index to evaluate its prognosis. Machine learning is expected to accurately identify its muscle infiltration status on images.

Objective: This study aimed to establish and validate a machine learning prediction model based on multi-phase contrast-enhanced CT (MCECT) for preoperatively evaluating the muscle-invasive status of bladder cancer.

Exploration of material basis: Chemical composition profile and metabolic profile in Xiao Jianzhong Granules.

Xiao Jianzhong Granules (XJZG), a well-known traditional prescription with protective effects on the gastric mucosa, as documented in the Treatise on Typhoid and Miscellaneous Diseases. Clinical studies have proven that XJZG exhibits significant anti-colitis properties and effectively alleviates duodenal ulcers. However, despite its clinical popularity, comprehensive studies on its chemical composition and in vivo metabolism remain limited.

Androgen receptor dynamics in prostate cancer: from disease progression to treatment resistance.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among men worldwide, especially in those over 65, and is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality. The disease typically advances from an androgen-dependent state to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which poses significant treatment challenges. The androgen receptor (AR) on the X chromosome is a central driver in this process, activating genes that govern proliferation and survival.

Identifying key genes, miRNAs, and pathways in keloid formation: A bioinformatics and experimental study.

Keloids represent a challenging clinical problem because of their unpredictable and often refractory nature to treatment. This study aimed to identify the key changes in gene expression in the formation of keloid and provide potential biomarker candidates for clinical treatment and drug target discovery. Keloids and normal skin samples were analyzed for gene expression, and datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were also analyzed.