Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Comprehensive Survey of Recognition, Training, and Practice.

Background: Oral and maxillofacial pathology (OMFP) is a dental specialty that studies the causes, processes, and effects of diseases in the oral and maxillofacial area, while also contributing to diagnosis and treatment. Its recognition, training, and professional practice vary across the globe. This study aimed to explore the training and professional development of OMFP in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC), including important issues such as specialty recognition, service regulation, postgraduate education, number of specialists, career opportunities, and perceived barriers.

Oropharyngeal Cancer Incidence and Trends in Brazil.

Background: Oropharyngeal cancer incidence is rising globally, predominantly in high-income countries, because of human papillomavirus infection. However, further data on oropharyngeal cancer incidence in Brazil is needed. The aim of this study was to estimate the incidence, trends, and predictions of oropharyngeal cancer in Brazilian population-based cancer registries (PBCR) by period, sex, and topography.

Head and Neck Rhabdomyosarcoma in Pediatric Patients: An International Collaborative Study.

Background: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS), a rare malignant tumor, frequently affects pediatric patients, with 35%-40% occurring in the head and neck. This study analyzes the clinicopathologic profile of pediatric head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas from Brazil, Guatemala, Mexico, and South Africa.

Methods: We reviewed 44 cases from 10 Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology services, conducting immunohistochemical analyses of desmin, myogenin, Myo-D1, and Ki67, with quantification via QuPath software.

Head and Neck Cancer in Pan-American Notable People: An International Survey.

The study of notable people as advocates for raising cancer awareness began in the latter decades of the 20th century. This research aimed to identify Pan-American notable people with head and neck cancer (HNC) and to explore senior health professionals' perspectives on communicating stories of notable patients with HNC to promote prevention. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire designed in REDCap and administered to 32 senior health professionals with long-standing academic and clinical backgrounds in HNC.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity, Oropharynx, and Larynx: A Scoping Review of Treatment Guidelines Worldwide.

Head and neck cancer (HNC) treatments have been based on single or multimodal therapies with surgery, radiotherapy (RT), chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. However, treatment recommendations among countries may differ due to technological/human resources and usual local practices. This scoping review aims to identify, compare, and map the clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for treating squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity, oropharynx, and larynx worldwide.

Overview of glottic laryngeal cancer treatment recommendation changes in the NCCN guidelines from 2011 to 2022.

Background: The treatment of glottic cancer remains challenging, especially with regard to morbidity reduction and larynx preservation rates. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) has published guidelines to aid decision-making about this treatment according to the tumor site, clinical stage, and patient medical status.

Aim: The present review was conducted to identify changes in the NCCN guidelines for glottic cancer treatment made between 2011 and 2022 and to describe the published evidence concerning glottic cancer treatment and oncological outcomes in the same time period.

Synchronous jawbone diseases: a multicenter retrospective study.

The aim of this study is to report an original case series of synchronous jawbone diseases. Data of patients seen over 13 years were extracted from the files of three Oral Radiology and Pathology diagnostic centers in Brazil. The clinical, radiographic, and laboratory characteristics were tabulated and analyzed by the authors; the patients were described according to lesion type.

Molecular profile of head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: This systematic review aimed to identify the molecular alterations of head and neck rhabdomyosarcomas (HNRMS) and their prognostic values.

Study Design: An electronic search was performed using PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science with a designed search strategy. Inclusion criteria comprised cases of primary HNRMS with an established histopathological diagnosis and molecular analysis.

Oral leukoplakia in adolescents: Report of a rare case and review of the literature.

The aim of this report was to describe a rare case of leukoplakia in a young patient without any risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma. An 18-year-old male patient presented with an asymptomatic white lesion on the right lateral border of the tongue. Microscopic examination of the excisional biopsy specimen displayed hyperkeratosis and acanthosis without epithelial dysplasia, which were consistent with the clinical diagnosis of oral leukoplakia.

Impact of head and neck radiotherapy on the longevity of dental adhesive restorations: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Statement Of Problem: Established restorative protocols for patients after head and neck radiotherapy are lacking, increasing the failure rates of dental adhesive restorations.

Purpose: The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to analyze the evidence regarding the impact of head and neck radiotherapy on the longevity of dental adhesive restorations.

Material And Methods: A search was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Embase in May 2018 (updated in November 2020).

Oral verrucous carcinoma manifesting as proliferative verrucous leukoplakia.

This report aimed to describe an uncommon case of verrucous carcinoma of the oral cavity with a unique presentation of proliferative verrucous leucoplakia. An 82-year-old female presented multiple white plaques in the oral cavity, which have been treated as candidiasis without resolution. The biopsy specimen demonstrated a well-defined squamous cell epithelium with verrucous aspects.

Global frequency and distribution of head and neck cancer in pediatrics, a systematic review.

Background: Incidence and mortality rates of childhood cancer represent a global public health issue, however, the worldwide prevalence of head and neck cancer in pediatric patients (HNCPP) is still unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the frequency and distribution of HNCPP worldwide.

Methods: A specific search strategy was performed using MEDLINE, Scopus, and EMBASE to include studies based on hospital records, national cancer registries, and pathology files.

Oral and maxillofacial cancer in pediatric patients: 30 years experience from a Brazilian reference center.

Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the relative frequency, demographic distribution and clinicopathological features of pediatric oral and maxillofacial cancer (POMC).

Methods: Medical records were retrospectively reviewed for all cancer cases diagnosed from 1986 to 2016 affecting patients aged 19 years and younger. Demographic variables, anatomical site, and histopathological diagnoses were collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics.

Massive extrusion of calcium hydroxide paste containing barium sulphate during endodontic treatment.

A 31-year-old woman was referred for the evaluation of persistent lower lip numbness following endodontic treatment of tooth #36. Imaging examinations showed a large amount of radiopaque/hyperdense material spread in an angiographic distribution in the left mandibular body region. Laboratory analyses of tooth #36 and adjacent periapical tissue, surgically extracted in an external Service due to acute pain following endodontic treatment, identified chronic inflammatory reaction and birefringent crystalloid foreign bodies rich in barium and sulphur, leading to the diagnosis of alveolar nerve injury due to accidental extrusion of intracanal dressing material composed of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH) ] paste incorporated with barium sulphate.

Intraoral EBV-positive sporadic Burkitt lymphoma in an elderly patient with bilateral presentation.

Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma (SBL) is a variant of Burkitt lymphoma that occurs worldwide, affecting mainly children and young adults. Association with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can be identified in approximately 20-30% of cases. Herein we described a case of a 63-year-old male presenting intraoral bilateral mandibular swelling, subjacent to fixed dental prosthesis, with one month of duration.

Tumor safety and side effects of photobiomodulation therapy used for prevention and management of cancer treatment toxicities. A systematic review.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT), has been increasingly used for the treatment of toxicities related to cancer treatment. One of the challenges for the universal acceptance of PBMT use in cancer patients is whether or not there is a potential for the light to stimulate the growth of residual malignant cells that evaded oncologic treatment, increasing the risk for tumor recurrences and development of a second primary tumor. Current science suggests promising effects of PBMT in the prevention and treatment of breast cancer-related lymphedema and oral mucositis, among other cancer treatment toxicities.

The performance of digital microscopy for primary diagnosis in human pathology: a systematic review.

Validation studies of whole slide imaging (WSI) systems produce evidence regarding digital microscopy (DM). This systematic review aimed to provide information about the performance of WSI devices by evaluating intraobserver agreement reported in previously published studies as the best evidence to elucidate whether DM is reliable for primary diagnostic purposes. In addition, this review delineates the reasons for the occurrence of discordant diagnoses.