International Validation of a Recurrence Risk Model for Stage II Colon Cancer: The SPHERE Study.

Objective: To validate the utility of recurrence prediction value (RPV) in identifying patients with UICC stage II colon cancer who would benefit from adjuvant chemotherapy (AC).

Summary Background Data: The benefits of AC in Stage II colon cancer remain insufficient.

Methods: We performed a multi-institutional international retrospective analysis of patients with Stage II colon cancer who had undergone surgery.

Acquisition of and Amplifications During the Transformation of -Mutated Lung Adenocarcinoma into Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Case Report.

Histologic transformation from adenocarcinoma to SCLC is a recognized mechanism of resistance in lung cancer. However, the transformation into squamous cell carcinoma is less common, and the associated genomic alterations remain unclear. Here, we present a case of lung adenocarcinoma harboring an EGFR () mutation that transformed into squamous cell carcinoma.

Longitudinal single-cell analysis of glucagon-like peptide-2 treatment in the patients with short bowel syndrome.

Background: Glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) analogs are used clinically to enhance nutrient absorption in patients with short bowel syndrome (SBS); however, the precise mechanism remains unclear. To address this, the study aimed to clarify the dynamics of intestinal epithelial cells and immune cells in patients with SBS treated with GLP-2 analogs.

Methods: Five male patients diagnosed with SBS, all of whom received treatment with the GLP-2 analog teduglutide, were included in the study.

Circulating Tumor DNA Longitudinal Analysis During Total Neoadjuvant Therapy and Non-operative Management for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer: A Biomarker Study from the NOMINATE Trial.

Purpose: The role of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) and non-operative management (NOM) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains unclear. We evaluated the association of ctDNA with clinical outcomes, including treatment response, local regrowth, and distant recurrence in patients undergoing TNT and NOM.

Experimental Design: This biomarker companion analysis of the NOMINATE trial, a prospective, multicenter, randomized phase II study, enrolled 64 patients with T3-T4NanyM0 LARC between March 2021 and July 2023.

Effectiveness of Cleaning the Laparoscopic Lens With a Novel Microfiber Cloth During Laparoscopic Colorectal Cancer Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: In this randomized controlled trial, we compared the effectiveness of Toraysee for ES (Toray, Tokyo, Japan), a microfiber cleaning cloth composed of ultrafine polyester fibers, with that of a conventional lens-cleaning method during laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Methods: Patients scheduled for laparoscopic colorectal surgery were randomly allocated to a microfiber cleaning cloth or a conventional lens-cleaning arm. The primary outcome was the mean time spent on each occasion of lens cleaning.

Predictors of long‑term survival in patients with stage IV colorectal cancer with primary tumor resection: a multi-center retrospective analysis.

Background: Primary tumor resection is an option for patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC). However, there is still no reliable strategy for predicting the survival of individual patients undergoing primary tumor resection (PTR). The aim of this study was to identify predictors of good prognosis in patients with stage IV CRC with PTR.

Differential prognostic impact of liver resection by the site of concurrent extrahepatic diseases in patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases: a nationwide multicenter study.

Background: Liver resection for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with concurrent extrahepatic disease (EHD) has demonstrated potential benefits for long-term prognosis; however, its effectiveness remains controversial. Additionally, the prognostic impact of different EHD sites is not well elucidated. This study aimed to assess the significance of liver resection in patients with CRLM with concurrent EHD and evaluate how different EHD sites influence prognosis.

Three timepoint perioperative CEA levels are a prognostic factor for recurrence after adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with Stage II and III colorectal cancer.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the three timepoint perioperative CEA (ttpCEA) calculated at three timepoints and recurrence during the perioperative period in Stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC) patients.

Methods: We performed a multi-institutional retrospective analysis of patients with Stage II and III CRC who underwent surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy from 2010 to 2020. Patient data from three facilities were used as training data, and data from three other facilities were used as validation data.

Prognostic value of surgical treatment in elderly patients with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer: A subanalysis of a nationwide Japanese multicenter study.

Aim: Our study aimed to examine the characteristics of elderly patients diagnosed with ulcerative colitis-associated colorectal cancer (UAC) and evaluate the impact of surgical intervention on prognosis.

Methods: A total of 1086 patients diagnosed with UAC between 1980 and 2020 were retrospectively enrolled. Data were collected through the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum project.

Efficacy of aqueous olanexidine compared with alcohol-based chlorhexidine for surgical skin antisepsis regarding the incidence of surgical-site infections in clean-contaminated surgery: a randomized superiority trial.

Background: Surgical-site antisepsis is used to prevent surgical-site infections (SSIs). Although several guidelines have indicated the efficacy of antiseptics, such as chlorhexidine, povidone-iodine, and olanexidine, in reducing the SSI rate, an optimal recommendation is still not established. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of aqueous olanexidine compared with chlorhexidine-alcohol as the optimal antiseptic for preventing SSI in clean-contaminated surgery.

Difference in the Prognostic Benefit Between Extended and Segmental Colectomy for Patients With Neoplasia Associated With Ulcerative Colitis: A Nationwide Multicenter Study.

Background: Extended colectomy is considered a standard treatment for neoplasia associated with ulcerative colitis, but there is limited supporting evidence, particularly from large-scale studies.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the prognostic benefits of extended colectomy in patients with neoplasia associated with ulcerative colitis using a nationwide database.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

Utility of comprehensive genomic profiling combined with machine learning for prognostic stratification in stage II/III colorectal cancer after adjuvant chemotherapy.

Background And Purpose: Accurate recurrence risk evaluation in patients with stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC) remains difficult. Traditional histopathological methods frequently fall short in predicting outcomes after adjuvant chemotherapy. This study aims to evaluate the use of comprehensive genomic profiling combined with machine learning for prognostic risk stratification in patients with CRC.

Clinical features by disease duration in ulcerative colitis-associated cancers.

Aim: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a known contributor to the development of colitis-associated cancer (CAC), although the exact mechanism remains to be elucidated. CAC typically presents as a flat type macroscopically and manifests histologically as mucinous carcinoma and signet ring cell carcinoma. While the relationship between disease duration and chronic inflammation has been studied, the impact of disease duration on CAC outcomes has yet to be thoroughly investigated.

Pathological characteristics of inflammatory bowel diseases.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an inflammatory disorder in which intestinal homeostasis is disrupted for some reason. Among them, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) are frequently referred to as IBD in the narrow sense, characterized by relapse episodes and remission periods. The differential diagnosis of IBD involves a broad spectrum of inflammatory or infectious diseases that mimic UC and/or CD, as well as others that may complicate existing IBD.

Significance of homologous recombinant deficiency as a biomarker for drug sensitivity in colorectal cancer.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a substantial global health concern due to its limited treatment options, especially for oxaliplatin (L-OHP) regimen resistance. This study used organoid-based screening methodologies to evaluate drug responses in CRC while validating the approach with patient-derived CRC organoids and investigating potential biomarkers.

Methods: Patient-derived organoids were created from CRC surgical specimens, and drug screening were performed.

Free Volume Space of Polymers as a New Functional Nanospace: Synthesis of Guest Polymers.

Nanospace has been used as a specific field for syntheses and assemblies of molecules, polymers, and materials. Free volume space among polymer chains is related to their properties, such as permeation of gas and small molecules. However, the void has not been used as a functional nanospace in previous works.

Single-cell RNA-seq analysis of cancer-endothelial cell interactions in primary tumor and peritoneal metastasis from a single patient with colorectal cancer.

Background: Peritoneal metastasis, a major complication of colorectal cancer (CRC), often leads to poor quality of life and unfavorable outcomes. Despite numerous studies characterizing its biological features in CRC, intratumor heterogeneity and interactions between cancer cells and tumor microenvironment cells remain poorly understood.

Methods: To explore these aspects, we performed single-cell transcriptome analysis of matched primary tumor and peritoneal metastasis samples from a treatment-naïve patient.

The assessment of adjuvant chemotherapy benefits after D3 lymphadenectomy in patients with colon cancer: a propensity score matching study.

Purpose: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) for stage III disease is recognized as a standard treatment and is routinely performed in patients with colon cancer (CC). However, the recommendation for AC is mainly based on studies performed in past environments, where D3 lymphadenectomy was not routinely performed.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed CC patients who underwent curative resection with D3 lymphadenectomy in Keio Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results (K-SEER) database.

Comparison of conventional resection to D3 lymphadenectomy in right-sided colon cancer: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Lymphadenectomy during right hemicolectomy for colon cancer varies between the U.S. and Japan.

Preoperative serum cholinesterase as a prognostic factor in patients with colorectal cancer.

Aim: Serum cholinesterase (ChE) levels are considered to reflect nutritional status. Although ChE has been well documented as a prognostic factor for some cancers, no clear consensus on its use for colorectal cancer (CRC) has been reached. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between preoperative serum ChE and postoperative long-term prognosis in CRC patients.

Profilin 2 isoform expression is associated with lung metastasis of colorectal cancer according to a comprehensive gene expression study using a mouse model.

Lung metastasis is the second most common type of metastasis in colorectal cancer. Specific treatments for lung metastasis have not been developed since the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. The present study aimed to elucidate the molecular basis of lung metastasis in colorectal cancer.

Feasibility of robotic-assisted surgery in advanced rectal cancer: a multicentre prospective phase II study (VITRUVIANO trial).

Background: The potential benefits of robotic-assisted compared with laparoscopic surgery for locally advanced cancer have not been sufficiently proven by prospective studies. One factor is speculated to be the lack of strict surgeon criteria. The aim of this study was to assess outcomes for robotic surgery in patients with locally advanced rectal cancer with strict surgeon experience criteria.

Combined Comprehensive Risk Score of the Estimation of Physiologic Ability and Surgical Stress and C-Reactive Protein-to-Albumin Ratio Is a Strong Prognostic Indicator of Long-term Outcomes in Colorectal Cancer.

Background: In patients with colorectal cancer, both the C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio and comprehensive risk score of the estimation of physiologic ability and surgical stress have demonstrated prognostic significance.

Objective: To assess the clinical value of the combined use of C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio and comprehensive risk score for predicting prognosis in patients with colorectal cancer.

Design: Multicenter retrospective study.

POFUT1 and PLAGL2 are characteristic markers of mucinous colorectal cancer associated with MUC2 expression.

Colorectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC) is one of the most lethal histological types of colorectal cancer, and its mechanism of development is not well understood. In this study, we aimed to clarify the molecular characteristics of MAC via in silico analysis using The Cancer Genome Atlas database. The expression of genes on chromosome 20q (Chr20q) was negatively associated with the expression of MUC2, which is a key molecule that can be used to distinguish between MAC and nonmucinous adenocarcinoma (NMAC).