Multi-task deep learning for predicting metabolic syndrome from retinal fundus images in a Japanese health checkup dataset.

Background: Retinal fundus images provide a noninvasive window into systemic health, offering opportunities for early detection of metabolic disorders such as metabolic syndrome (METS).

Objective: This study aimed to develop a deep learning model to predict METS from fundus images obtained during routine health checkups, leveraging a multi-task learning approach.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 5,000 fundus images from Japanese health checkup participants.

Differences in Ocular Biometry Between Short-Axial and Normal-Axial Eyes in the Elderly Japanese.

Purpose: Among patients with angle-closure glaucoma, it is common to have a short-axial eye, which also makes it difficult to select an appropriate intraocular lens. Previous studies have focused on the ocular biometry of the long-axial eye, whereas only a few reports have focused on the short-axial eye. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of the short-axial eye on ocular biometry among the elderly Japanese.

Prevalence of keratoconus and keratoconus suspect, and their characteristics on corneal tomography in a population-based study.

Keratoconus (KC) is a progressive corneal disorder resulting in severe visual impairment. We aimed to determine the prevalence and corneal tomographic characteristics of KC and keratoconus suspect (KCS) in a population-based study, and to construct discrimination models with or without corneal tomography. A total of 1,544 eyes (822 participants aged ≥35 years) were evaluated using data from the Yamagata Study (2015-2017).

Associations of ocular anterior segment structures with sex and age: the Yamagata study (Funagata).

Purpose: To investigate the associations of tomographic parameters in anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) with sex and age in a cohort study.

Study Design: A cohort design.

Materials And Methods: AS-OCT data from 391 Japanese participants aged ≥ 35 years were obtained using swept-source OCT.

Evaluation of the extracranial "multifocal arcuate sign," a novel MRI finding for the diagnosis of giant cell arteritis, on STIR and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images.

Background: While early diagnosis of giant cell arteritis (GCA) based on clinical criteria and contrast-enhanced MRI findings can lead to early treatment and prevention of blindness and cerebrovascular accidents, previously reported diagnostic methods which utilize contrast-enhanced whole head images are cumbersome. Diagnostic delay is common as patients may not be aware of initial symptoms and their significance. To improve current diagnostic capabilities, new MRI-based diagnostic criteria need to be established.

Efficacy of vitrectomy with air tamponade for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment: a prospective study.

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) causes a permanent decrease in visual acuity and visual field. During pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for RRD, long acting gas have been selected for tamponade because gas stays in the eye for a long time. Recently, several studies have showed the efficacy of air tamponade for RRD treatment.

Effectiveness of intraoperative optical coherence tomography on vitrectomy for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: We sought to verify the effect of intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT) on vitrectomy for the treatment of proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Methods: We reviewed 178 eyes with PDR treated with 25-gauge vitrectomy by a single surgeon between April 2013 and December 2017.

Utility of Liquid-Based Cytology and Cell Block Procedure Obtained by Vitrectomy to Diagnose Ocular Sarcoidosis-The Significance of Epithelioid Granuloma and Epithelioid Cells.

Purpose: The eyes are one of the most frequently involved organs in sarcoidosis in Asia, including Japan. Sarcoid uveitis is the major complaint of ocular sarcoidosis. The detection of epithelioid granuloma (EG) requires histological biopsy of the uvea for the precise diagnosis of sarcoid uveitis, because it is challenging to diagnose sarcoid uveitis without a history of systemic sarcoidosis.

Selection Criteria for Air Tamponade During Vitrectomy for Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: To compare air tamponade and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) gas tamponade during vitrectomy for the treatment of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: We reviewed 294 eyes with RRD treated with 25-gauge vitrectomy by a single surgeon between June 2011 and April 2018 retrospectively. The exclusion criteria for the proposed air tamponade selection were more than 2 weeks since onset, giant retinal tears, history of complications following cataract surgery, high myopia, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy classified as grade C or higher.

Effect of surgeon-related factors on outcome of retinal detachment surgery: analyses of data in Japan-retinal detachment registry.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of surgeon-related factors on the surgical outcome of pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) and scleral buckling (SB) surgery on eyes with a rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). This was a nationwide, multicenter, observational study of the data in the Japan-RD Registry. Registered cases that had undergone surgery for a RRD by 128 accredited surgeons in 26 institutions were studied.

Ten-year longitudinal investigation of astigmatism: The Yamagata Study (Funagata).

Despite numerous investigations into ocular or corneal astigmatism, the dynamic nature of astigmatism remains poorly understood. To reveal potential associations between age and astigmatism, 264 Japanese participants who underwent systemic and ophthalmological examinations in Funagata Town (Yamagata Prefecture, Japan) were evaluated over a 10-year period. Astigmatism was evaluated with regard to the cylinder power, cylinder axis, and vector analyses.

Surgical Outcomes of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment with Different Peripheral Vitreous-Shaving Procedures.

Purpose: To compare the surgical outcomes of vitreous surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) after two different peripheral vitreous-shaving techniques are performed.

Methods: We reviewed 269 eyes with RRD that were treated with a 25-gauge vitrectomy by a single surgeon between June 2015 and May 2020. The exclusion criteria for the proposed air tamponade selection were as follows: more than two weeks since RRD onset, giant retinal tears, a history of complications following cataract surgery, high myopia, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy classified as grade C or higher.

Intraoperative Observation of a Macular Holes Using Optical Coherence Tomography.

Purpose: This study aimed to observe intraoperative changes in macular hole (MH) form using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT).

Methods: A total of 10 eyes from 10 patients with MH who underwent vitrectomy using iOCT from May 2015 to October 2015 at the Yamagata University Hospital were retrospectively evaluated. Accordingly, 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy using iOCT with internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling and sulfur hexafluoride gas tamponade was performed on each patient.

Surgical outcomes after primary Baerveldt glaucoma implant surgery with vitrectomy for neovascular glaucoma.

This study aimed to evaluate the 3-year long-term outcomes of primary Baerveldt glaucoma implant (BGI) surgery for neovascular glaucoma (NVG). We retrospectively evaluated 27 consecutive patients with NVG between November 2013 and November 2017. All the patients were treated with panretinal photocoagulation and pars plana vitrectomy before BGI surgery without anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment.

Peripheral Cystoid Degeneration Finding Using Intraoperative Optical Coherence Tomography in Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment.

Purpose: The interaction between the peripheral vitreous and retina is closely associated with the pathogenesis of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). This study was conducted to examine the peripheral vitreous and retina in patients with RRD using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT).

Methods: This retrospective study included 50 eyes of 50 patients (mean age 59.

Metastatic Orbital Tumor From Breast Ductal Carcinoma With Neuroendocrine Differentiation Initially Presenting as Ocular Symptoms: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Orbital metastases from cancers of various organs can arise the hematogenous route, and many originate from breast, prostate, and lung cancers. Such metastatic orbital tumors may be diagnosed before the primary tumor. We have encountered a case of breast ductal carcinoma with neuroendocrine differentiation that metastasized to the orbit and responded to chemotherapy, with improvement in visual function.

Quantification of the peripheral vitreous after vitreous shaving using intraoperative optical coherence tomography.

Objective: To evaluate the technique of peripheral vitreous shaving during vitrectomy, we measured the residual peripheral vitreous using intraoperative optical coherence tomography (iOCT).

Methods And Analysis: This retrospective study included 44 eyes that underwent 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy with iOCT by a single surgeon. In all cases, the surgery was performed via ocular indentation.

Effectiveness of the Spot Vision Screener in screening 3-year-old children with potential amblyopia in Japan.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the efficiency of conventional screening and of the Spot™ Vision Screener (SVS)-based screening in detecting potential cases of amblyopia during the Visual examination in Three-Year-Old Health Screening Program (VTYOS), that need to be referred for comprehensive examination.

Study Design: Population-based cross-sectional study METHODS: This study introduced the SVS-based test to the VTYOS (which includes primary, secondary, and comprehensive examinations) of Sagae, Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. Children aged 3 years 6 months scheduled to undergo the secondary examination were subjected to both the SVS-based (evaluation of refractive error and eye alignment) and conventional screening test (questionnaire and visual acuity evaluation).

Factors correlated with visual outcomes at two and four years after vitreous surgery for proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) is the most severe case of diabetic retinopathy that can cause visual impairment. This study aimed to reveal the factors correlated with better postoperative visual acuity after a long follow-up in patients who underwent vitrectomy for PDR. We retrospectively analyzed the data set including systemic findings, ocular findings, and surgical factors from registered patients who could be completely followed up for 2 or 4 years after vitrectomy.

SIX MONTHS PRIMARY SUCCESS RATE FOR RETINAL DETACHMENT BETWEEN VITRECTOMY AND SCLERAL BUCKLING.

Purpose: To compare clinical outcomes between pars plana vitrectomy (PPV), scleral buckling (SB), and PPV+SB for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in the Japan-RD Registry.

Methods: This is a nation-wide, multicenter, observational study based on the registry data between 2016 and 2017. The failure levels were defined as Level 1 (a failure of retinal detachment repair), Level 2 (remaining silicone oil), and Level 3 (multiple surgeries to achieve reattachment).

Age-Related Changes in Astigmatism and Potential Causes.

Astigmatism causes deterioration of the retinal image and affects vision quality. Maintenance and improvement of visual function requires an understanding of the prevalence, age-related changes, and mechanisms of astigmatism. In this article, we discuss the findings of studies that investigated astigmatism.

Preoperative factors to select vitrectomy or scleral buckling for retinal detachment in microincision vitrectomy era.

Background: To determine the preoperative factors associated with selecting scleral buckling (SB) or pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) to treat rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) in the era of microincision vitrectomy surgery.

Methods: A nationwide, multicenter, observational study in the Japan Retinal Detachment Registry was done. From February 2016 to March 2017, 3446 cases were registered, and 3219 among them were analyzed.

Visual outcomes after surgery for primary rhegmatogenous retinal detachment in era of microincision vitrectomy: Japan-Retinal Detachment Registry Report IV.

Background/aim: To determine the preoperative ocular factors and surgical methods that led to best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) after pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) or scleral buckling (SB) for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: This was a prospective, nationwide, multicentre, observational study. Data from the Japanese Retina and Vitreous Society registry from 2016 to 2017 were used to determine the association between preoperative clinical factors, surgical procedures and postoperative BCVA at 6 months.