Motivation, barriers, and willingness to participate in clinical trials for novel cancer treatments among the Vietnamese population.

Background: Novel therapeutic approaches are actively explored and evaluated, but applying these innovations to practice depends critically on the recruitment of volunteers for clinical trials. This study aimed to assess the motivations, barriers, and willingness of the general population in Vietnam to participate in clinical trials for novel cancer treatments.

Methods: This analytical cross-sectional research involved the distribution of self-administered online and printed questionnaires to residents across central and southern Vietnam in December 2024.

Association of the ABCG2 Q141K variant with gout in Kinh Vietnamese: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Gout is a form of microcrystalline arthritis caused by chronic hyperuricemia, leading to monosodium urate crystal deposition. The ABCG2 gene, particularly the Q141K polymorphism, is a significant genetic factor influencing gout susceptibility and the therapeutic response to allopurinol. However, the association of Q141K with gout in the Vietnamese population remains undefined.

Facile one-step recovery of stable lignin nanoparticles from sugarcane bagasse black liquor and their application in bioactive food packaging.

Lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were recovered by one-step acidification of the black liquor from sugarcane bagasse treatment, substituting the conventional two-step practice. For the first time, the effect of extra stirring time on the stability of LNPs was investigated. Having been precipitated from 10 to 25 folds diluted black liquor to pH values of 1.

Accuracy of virtual mounting at centric relation using personalized 3D-printed transfer key: a clinical in vivo study.

Aim: Previously, we developed a 3D-printed customized transfer key for virtual mounting of the face and maxillomandibular relationship at centric occlusion. The accuracy was evaluated in vitro using a phantom head model with simulated soft tissue. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the effect of the transfer key in humans with clinical situations.

Low-glycemic index cookies supplemented with substrate: Nutritional values, physicochemical properties, antioxidant activity, bioactive constituents, and bioaccessibility.

substrate (CMS) is a novel ingredient rich in dietary fibers and bioactive compounds; however, its application in food products remains largely unexplored. This study introduces CMS as a partial wheat flour substitute for developing low-glycemic cookies enriched with dietary fiber and bioactive compounds. Results indicate that CMS supplementation increased fiber and phenolic content by 1.

SegmentAnyTooth: An open-source deep learning framework for tooth enumeration and segmentation in intraoral photos.

Background/purpose: Preventive dentistry is essential for maintaining public oral health, but inequalities in dental care, especially in underserved areas, remain a significant challenge. Image-based dental analysis, using intraoral photographs, offers a practical and scalable approach to bridge this gap. In this context, we developed SegmentAnyTooth, an open-source deep learning framework that solves the critical first step by enabling automated tooth enumeration and segmentation across five standard intraoral views: upper occlusal, lower occlusal, frontal, right lateral, and left lateral.

Rapid Sterilization of Clinical Apheresis Blood Products Using Ultra-High Dose Rate Radiation.

Blood products, including apheresis platelets and plasma, are essential for medical use but pose risks of bacterial contamination and viral transmission. Platelets are prone to bacterial growth due to their storage conditions, while plasma requires extensive screening. This study explores rapid irradiation as an innovative pathogen reduction method.

Disease diagnostics using machine learning of B cell and T cell receptor sequences.

Clinical diagnosis typically incorporates physical examination, patient history, various laboratory tests, and imaging studies but makes limited use of the human immune system's own record of antigen exposures encoded by receptors on B cells and T cells. We analyzed immune receptor datasets from 593 individuals to develop MAchine Learning for Immunological Diagnosis, an interpretive framework to screen for multiple illnesses simultaneously or precisely test for one condition. This approach detects specific infections, autoimmune disorders, vaccine responses, and disease severity differences.

Digital analysis of the relationship between maximum bite force and 3-dimensional arrangement of mandibular first molars.

Background: Bite force is one of the important factors that determine the chewing efficiency of molars. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of the maximum bite force (MBF) to the 3-dimensional (3D) arrangement of the first mandibular molars in Angle's class I healthy adults using a digital protocol.

Material And Methods: Subjects were 33 adults (16 males and 17 females) aged 18-25, with Angle's class I occlusions and healthy dentitions.

Identify characteristics of Vietnamese oral squamous cell carcinoma patients by machine learning on transcriptome and clinical-histopathological analysis.

Background/purpose: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is notorious for its low survival rates, due to the advanced stage at which it is commonly diagnosed. To enhance early detection and improve prognostic assessments, our study harnesses the power of machine learning (ML) to dissect and interpret complex patterns within mRNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) data and clinical-histopathological features.

Materials And Methods: 206 retrospective Vietnamese OSCC formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tumor samples, of which 101 were subjected to RNA-seq for classification based on gene expression.

Rapid Sterilization of Clinical Apheresis Blood Products using Ultra-High Dose Rate Radiation.

Background And Objectives: Apheresis platelets products and plasma are essential for medical interventions, but both still have inherent risks associated with contamination and viral transmission. Platelet products are vulnerable to bacterial contamination due to storage conditions, while plasma requires extensive screening to minimize virus transmission risks. Here we investigate rapid irradiation to sterilizing doses for bacteria and viruses as an innovative pathogen reduction technology.

Enhanced Fenton-Photocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B over Cobalt Ferrite Nanoparticles Synthesized by a Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Assisted Grinding Method.

A simple grinding method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent is introduced to synthesize CoFeO nanoparticles. The effects of calcination temperature (ranging from 450 to 850 °C) on the structural, morphological, physical, and optical properties of the materials are investigated using various techniques, including thermogravimetric analysis/differential scanning calorimetry (TGA/DSC), powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N adsorption isotherm, ultraviolet-visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-vis DRS), and vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM). The presence of PVP significantly suppresses the agglomeration of the materials, resulting in a nanocrystalline size of 18 nm for a sample calcined at 650 °C, which is approximately 38% smaller than that of the sample synthesized without PVP.

Boron-doped sulfonated graphitic carbon nitride as a highly efficient catalyst for the production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural from carbohydrates.

The presence of humins during the conversion of concentrated fructose presents a major obstacle in the large-scale production of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from fructose. Herein, we reported a boron-doped graphitic carbon nitride sulfonated (BGCN-SOH) as an excellent catalyst for the synthesis of HMF from fructose. The BGCN-SOH catalyst structures were analyzed using various characterization techniques, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), elemental mapping analysis, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR).

EbsA is essential for both motility and biofilm formation in the filamentous cyanobacterium .

Many cyanobacteria, both unicellular and filamentous, exhibit surface motility driven by type IV pili (T4P). While the component parts of the T4P machinery described in other prokaryotes are largely conserved in cyanobacteria, there are also several T4P proteins that appear to be unique to this phylum. One recently discovered component is EbsA, which has been characterized in two unicellular cyanobacteria.

Green Synthesis of Diphenyl-Substituted Alcohols Via Radical Coupling of Aromatic Alcohols Under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions.

Alcohols are common alkylating agents and starting materials alternative to harmful alkyl halides. In this study, a simple, benign and efficient pathway was developed to synthesize 1,3-diphenylpropan-1-ols via the β-alkylation of 1-phenylethanol with benzyl alcohols. Unlike conventional borrowing hydrogen processes in which alcohols were activated by transition-metal catalyzed dehydrogenation, in this work, t-BuONa was suggested to be a dual-role reagent, namely, both base and radical initiator, for the radical coupling of aromatic alcohols.

Inhibition of glycolytic reprogramming suppresses innate immune-mediated inflammation in experimental amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Background: Innate immune activation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). However, metabolic pathways that govern this bioenergetically demanding process in ALS remains elusive. Here we investigated whether and how immunometabolic transformation of innate immune cells contributes to disease progression in an experimental model of this neurodegenerative disease.

A sulfonate ligand-defected Zr-based metal-organic framework for the enhanced selective removal of anionic dyes.

In this work, we introduce a novel defective analogue of the representative 6-connected zirconium-based metal-organic framework (MOF-808), by employing 5-sulfoisophthalic acid monosodium salt (HBTC-SONa) as a defect inducer a mixed-linker approach. The structural integrity and different physicochemical properties were investigated by various characterization techniques, including powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and nitrogen physisorption at 77 K. Additionally, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-NMR), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were employed to confirm the presence of 6.

Regioselective Syntheses of 2,3,5-Trisubstituted Pyridines via 5-Chloro-3-fluoro-2-(methylsulfonyl)pyridine.

We report the high-yielding, large-scale, one-pot synthesis of two versatile building blocks ( and -) for the regioselective synthesis of a variety of 2,3,5-trisubstituted pyridines from inexpensive materials. These molecules are readily derivatized at positions 2, 3, and 5. These building blocks can also be used for the synthesis of fused pyrido-oxazines and for the synthesis of 2,3,4,5-tetrasubstituted pyridines.

Synthesis of 2-benzyl benzoxazoles and benzothiazoles elemental sulfur promoted cyclization of styrenes with 2-nitrophenols and ,-dialkyl-3-nitroanilines.

Herein we report a method for affording 2-benzyl benzoxazoles from substituted styrenes and 2-nitrophenols. The success of this method relies on the use of simple reagents, namely elemental sulfur and DABCO. A combination of identical reagents was utilized for the annulation of styrenes with ,-dialkyl-3-nitroanilines to afford 2-benzyl benzothiazoles.