Safety and Tolerability of Berzosertib, an Ataxia-Telangiectasia-Related Inhibitor, and Veliparib, an Oral Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitor, in Combination With Cisplatin in Patients With Refractory Solid Tumors.

Purpose: We conducted a phase I trial of the combination of cisplatin with the ataxia-telangiectasia-related protein kinase inhibitor berzosertib and the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor (PARPi) veliparib, with the objective of creating a DNA damage response (DDR)-impaired, BRCA null-like phenotype to potentiate the antitumor activity of cisplatin.

Patients And Methods: In this open label, 3 + 3 trial design, cisplatin and berzosertib were administered intravenously on day 1 (D1) and D8, and D2 and D9, respectively, together with twice-daily oral veliparib on D1-D3 and D8-D10 in 21-day cycles. Previous platinum and PARPi therapy were permitted.

First-in-human phase I/II, open-label study of mRNA-2416 alone or combined with durvalumab in patients with advanced solid tumors and ovarian cancer.

Background: mRNA-2416 is a novel lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated messenger RNA (mRNA) encoding human OX40 ligand (OX40L) for intratumoral (Itu) injection. OX40L plus immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) increased preclinical antitumor activity, thus mRNA-2416 plus ICI may potentiate antitumor activity.

Methods: This first-in-human, phase I/II, open-label, multicenter study examined the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of mRNA-2416 alone (arm A) or with durvalumab (arm B) in patients with advanced solid tumors or lymphoma (NCT03323398).

Interaction Effect of Helicobacter pylori Infection and Family History of Gastric Cancer on the Detection Age of Significant Gastric Precancerous Conditions.

Introduction: Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) eradication aimed at the prevention of gastric cancer development should ideally be administered before the establishment of significant gastric precancerous conditions (SGPCs), including advanced gastric atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, and dysplasia. We evaluated the interaction effect of H.

Assessing health risks and socioeconomic disparities associated with ambient air pollution and point sources across the United States.

Air quality in the United States (U.S.) has significantly improved over the last few decades.

Hydrogen Peroxide-Releasing Hydrogel-Mediated Cellular Senescence Model for Aging Research.

Cellular senescence, a process that induces irreversible cell cycle arrest in response to diverse stressors, is a primary contributor to aging and age-related diseases. Currently, exposure to hydrogen peroxide is a widely used technique for establishing in vitro cellular senescence models; however, this traditional method is inconsistent, laborious, and ineffective in vivo. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a hydrogen peroxide-releasing hydrogel that can readily and controllably induce senescence in conventional 2-dimensional cell cultures as well as advanced 3-dimensional microphysiological systems.

Predictors of Postoperative Hypocalcemia and Hypoparathyroidism Following Thyroidectomy in Hanoi, Vietnam.

Background: Hypocalcemia is the most frequent complication of thyroid surgeries. Hypocalcemia is the most common complication following thyroid surgeries and is crucial in managing patients with thyroid cancer.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe hypocalcemia after thyroidectomy and evaluate the factors associated with postoperative hypocalcemia.

Phase I study of ribociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) with spartalizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) with and without fulvestrant in metastatic hormone receptor-positive breast cancer or advanced ovarian cancer.

Background: Preclinical evidence suggests that cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors enhance antitumor immunity. We conducted a phase I trial of ribociclib (CDK4/6 inhibitor) plus spartalizumab (PD-1 inhibitor) in patients with hormone receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer (MBC) or advanced ovarian cancer (AOC). The combination was also evaluated with fulvestrant in MBC.

Longitudinal outcomes among patients with fibromyalgia, chronic widespread pain, or localized chronic low back pain.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to compare longitudinal outcomes of patients with FM, CWP, or localized chronic low back pain (LBP) to determine whether FM is an extreme manifestation of the CWP continuum.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted within a national pain research registry from August 2019 to July 2023. A total of 310 participants with FM (and CWP), CWP (without FM), or LBP were followed for 12 months to measure pain intensity, back-related disability, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL).

GPU Implementation of a Gas-Phase Chemistry Solver in the CMAQ Chemical Transport Model.

The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model simulates atmospheric phenomena, including advection, diffusion, gas-phase chemistry, aerosol physics and chemistry, and cloud processes. Gas-phase chemistry is often a major computational bottleneck due to its representation as large systems of coupled nonlinear stiff differential equations. We leverage the parallel computational performance of graphics processing unit (GPU) hardware to accelerate the numerical integration of these systems in CMAQ's CHEM module.

Whole-genome sequence of Pseudomonas sp. strain HOU2 isolated from dangshen (Codonopsis javanica) roots.

Objectives: This study aims to generate a de novo complete whole-genome assembly of Pseudomonas sp. strain HOU2, which is an endophytic bacterium isolated from dangshen roots that shows to improve the growth of in vitro dangshen plants. Further investigation of the whole genome of Pseudomonas sp.

A Translational Study of the ATR Inhibitor Berzosertib as Monotherapy in Four Molecularly Defined Cohorts of Advanced Solid Tumors.

Purpose: Preclinical studies have identified molecular correlates of sensitivity to ATR inhibition. This translational study was designed to test the ATR inhibitor berzosertib in patients with advanced solid tumors carrying alterations in ATRX, ataxia-telangiectasia-mutated (ATM), genes conferring replication stress (RS), or SDH.

Patients And Methods: Patients were recruited to four cohorts: T1: ATRX-mutant leiomyosarcoma; T2: ATM-mutant solid tumors; T3: solid tumors with mutations in RS-associated genes; and T4: SDH-deficient gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST).

Variations of Eating Behaviors Among Vietnamese Preschool Children and Their Association With Children's Anthropometric -Scores: Results From Analyses of the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire in 10 000 Children.

Eating behaviors, which are shaped during childhood, are one of the important factors influencing children's growth. This study aimed to investigate the variations in eating behaviors among Vietnamese preschool children aged 3 to 6 years using the Children Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and their association with anthropometric -scores. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 10 172 children from 36 to 72 months old, recruited from three different socioeconomic regions of Hanoi.

Phase I/II Study of Combined BCL-xL and MEK Inhibition with Navitoclax and Trametinib in KRAS or NRAS Mutant Advanced Solid Tumors.

Purpose: MEK inhibitors (MEKi) lack monotherapy efficacy in most RAS-mutant cancers. BCL-xL is an anti-apoptotic protein identified by a synthetic lethal shRNA screen as a key suppressor of apoptotic response to MEKi.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a dose escalation study (NCT02079740) of the BCL-xL inhibitor navitoclax and MEKi trametinib in patients with RAS-mutant tumors with expansion cohorts for: pancreatic, gynecologic (GYN), non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and other cancers harboring KRAS/NRAS mutations.

Botulinum Neurotoxin Induces Neurotoxic Microglia Mediated by Exogenous Inflammatory Responses.

Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNT/A) is widely used in therapeutics and cosmetics. The effects of multi-dosed BoNT/A treatment are well documented on the peripheral nervous system (PNS), but much less is known on the central nervous system (CNS). Here, the mechanism of multi-dosed BoNT/A leading to CNS neurodegeneration is explored by using the 3D human neuron-glia model.

Nutritional status of Vietnamese infants assessed by Fenton growth chart and related factors: A cross-sectional study.

Importance: Nutritional status of infants, measured by birth weight and length, is an essential factor in neonatal development. Malnutrition in newborns may lead to a higher risk of mortality, neurological and cognitive impairment, and poor language development.

Objective: This study aims to assess the nutritional status of infants and related factors regarding maternal anthropometric characteristics and medical history.

Identification and Evaluation of the Growth Promotion of Endophytic Bacteria on Potato Plants.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Isolation and investigation of plant growth promoting bacteria on potato plants can provide significant information for the application of beneficial bacteria in potato production. This study aims to isolate and characterize endophytic bacteria isolated from potato roots. In addition, the potential application of endophytes in promoting potato growth under <i>in vitro</i> conditions was also investigated.

Factors correlated with neuropathic pain among industrial workers in Vietnam: a multi-site cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Neuropathic pain is a debilitating condition resulting from various etiologies such as diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and infection, and is associated with decreased quality of life, poor health outcomes, and increased economic burden. However, epidemiological studies on neuropathic pain have been largely limited in Vietnam.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on adult Vietnamese industrial workers across three manufacturing plants.

Prevalence and impacts of self-medication in a disadvantaged setting: the importance of multi-dimensional health interventions.

Background: Self-medication is recognized as an effective form of treatment and is increasingly encouraged to treat minor illnesses. However, misuse of self-medication leaves devastating impacts on human health and causes antimicrobial resistance. Using medication without a prescription among farmers could cause more severe effects on their health than non-farm workers since they suffer from several occupational hazards such as excessive exposure to pesticides.

Compound K Production: Achievements and Perspectives.

Compound K (CK) is one of the major metabolites found in mammalian blood and organs following oral administration of plants. CK, also known as minor ginsenoside, can be absorbed in the systemic circulation. It has garnered significant attention in healthcare and medical products due to its pharmacological activities, such as antioxidation, anticancer, antiproliferation, antidiabetics, neuroprotection, and anti-atherogenic activities.

Retina and RPE lipid profile changes linked with ABCA4 associated Stargardt's maculopathy.

Stargardt maculopathy, caused predominantly by mutations in the ABCA4 gene, is characterized by an accumulation of non-degradable visual pigment derivative, lipofuscin, in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) - resulting in RPE atrophy. RPE is a monolayer tissue located adjacent to retinal photoreceptors and regulates their health and functioning; RPE atrophy triggers photoreceptor cell death and vision loss in Stargardt patients. Previously, ABCA4 mutations in photoreceptors were thought to be the major contributor to lipid homeostasis defects in the eye.

Emissions and meteorological impacts on PM species concentrations in Southern California using generalized additive modeling.

The chemical composition of PM has a significant impact on human health and air quality, and its accurate knowledge can be used to identify contributing emission sources. Assessing and quantifying the impacts of various factors (e.g.

Lipoxin A4 (LXA4) Reduces Alkali-Induced Corneal Inflammation and Neovascularization and Upregulates a Repair Transcriptome.

Purpose: To investigate the anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects of the bioactive lipid mediator LXA4 on a rat model of severe corneal alkali injury.

Methods: To induce a corneal alkali injury in the right eyes of anesthetized Sprague Dawley rats. They were injured with a Φ 4 mm filter paper disc soaked in 1 N NaOH placed on the center of the cornea.