Clinical characteristics and risk factors for corneal guttae in Japanese cataract patients.

Purpose: To identify clinical characteristics and risk factors associated with corneal guttae in Japanese patients undergoing cataract surgery and to examine the relationship between guttae severity and anterior segment parameters.

Study Design: This retrospective observational study analyzed 410 eyes from 410 patients who underwent cataract surgery between April 2021 and March 2023.

Methods: Corneal guttae were evaluated using specular microscopy and graded according to the modified Reykjavik Eye Study classification (Grades 0-4).

Surgical Outcomes of 180-Degree Gonioscopy-Assisted Transluminal Trabeculotomy: Comparison of Nasal Versus Temporal Incisions.

Prcis: Performing 180-degree gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy for primary open angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma patients can be expected to be equally effective with either a nasal or temporal incision at 12 months postoperative.

Purpose: Anatomically, there are more collector channels on the nasal-side (NS) than on the temporal-side (TS) of the eye. This study aimed to clarify the differences in efficacy between NS and TS incisions for lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) in glaucoma patients who underwent 180-degree gonioscopy-assisted transluminal trabeculotomy (hemi-GATT).

Factors associated with diplopia before and after orbital blowout fracture reconstruction.

Background/aims: To ascertain factors associated with persistent diplopia after orbital fracture reconstruction.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we reviewed 798 cases with depressed fragment fracture at the Department of Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine Hospital between January 2009 and November 2023. The restriction of extraocular movements and diplopia was assessed using the Hess area ratio (HAR).

Association of postoperative delirium with visual acuity after ophthalmic surgeries under local anesthesia.

Purpose: To investigate the incidence rate and risk factors for postoperative delirium (POD) following ophthalmic surgery under local anesthesia.

Study Design: A retrospective study METHODS: We retrospectively investigated the incidence rate of POD in 4658 patients who underwent vitrectomy or glaucoma surgery between January 2009 to March 2023 and analyzed the risk factors with multivariate logistic regression compared to non-delirium patients. Risk indices included age, sex, operation time, preoperative best-corrected visual acuity (pre-BCVA), comorbidity of dementia, and the use of sedative or hypnotic drugs.

Ubiquitin-proteasome Pathway-linked Gene Signatures as Prognostic Indicators in Prostate Cancer.

Background/aim: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most frequently diagnosed cancer in men and a leading cause of cancer-related death. While prostate-specific antigen is a widely used biomarker, its specificity is limited. This study investigated the prognostic significance of gene subsets associated with the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in PCa.

Identification of risk factors for persistent corneal edema associated with acute corneal hydrops in keratoconus.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical characteristics of acute corneal hydrops (ACH) in patients with keratoconus and to examine the risk factors for persistent corneal edema.

Study Design: Retrospective observational study.

Methods: The study included 98 patients (106 eyes) diagnosed with ACH between February 2009 and August 2023 at Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine.

Cachexia Index as a Prognostic Indicator in Patients with Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma Receiving Atezolizumab and Bevacizumab Therapy.

Introduction: We investigated the association between the pretreatment cachexia index (CXI) and survival outcomes in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (u-HCC) receiving atezolizumab plus bevacizumab (Atez/Bev).

Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 195 patients with u-HCC treated with Atez/Bev from September 2020 to December 2023. The skeletal muscle mass index (SMI) was calculated by normalizing the psoas muscle area by the square of the height (cm2/m2).

Risk factors and protective strategies for hypotony following preserflo microshunt implantation.

The PreserFlo MicroShunt (PMS) is a minimally invasive surgical device for glaucoma management. However, postoperative hypotony remains a significant complication. This retrospective cohort study analyzed 471 eyes to evaluate the efficacy of PMS implantation in reducing intraocular pressure (IOP) and medication dependency, as well as to identify risk factors associated with hypotony.

Prognostic indicators of postoperative objective improvement in carpal tunnel syndrome: A retrospective study.

Background: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common peripheral neuropathy affecting the upper limb, with surgical intervention as the primary treatment. This study aims to identify predictive factors influencing postoperative motor and sensory recovery following carpal tunnel release (CTR).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 95 patients (117 hands), with objective outcomes measured by tip pinch strength and two-point discrimination (2PD) six months postoperatively.

Prospective Survey of Postoperative Pain in Japan: A Multicenter, Observational Study.

: Postoperative analgesia is important for reducing biologically invasive reactions to surgery. In Japan, postoperative analgesia, including indices of analgesia, has not been adequately addressed. This study aimed to determine the relationship between postoperative pain and postoperative course and the importance of analgesia for early recovery.

Impact of COVID-19 on orthopedic trauma patients from 2021 to 2022 when restrictions were lifted, compared with the pre-pandemic period.

Background: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic restricted the activities of the general population and affected health systems, which adapted medical resources to manage COVID-19 treatment. During the initial lockdown, trauma volumes decreased. However, it is unknown whether trauma volumes changed from 2021 to 2022, the late pandemic period when COVID-19 vaccination began and restrictions were gradually lifted.

Predictors of cytomegalovirus corneal endotheliitis postcorneal transplantation.

Purpose: This study was designed to investigate risk factors for the development of cytomegalovirus (CMV) corneal endotheliitis following corneal transplantation.

Methods: We retrospectively analysed 1225 corneal transplants for bullous keratopathy between 2011 and 2021. 31 cases who were administered the treatment of CMV corneal endotheliitis preoperatively were excluded, and 1194 cases were analysed for risk factors for the development of CMV corneal endotheliitis following corneal transplantation.

Development of a perceived nutrition care competencies scale for Japanese dietetic students: A cross-sectional survey.

Background: There are currently few appropriate instruments for assessing nutrition care competencies in clinical practice. This study aimed to develop a perceived nutrition care competencies (PNCC) scale for dietetic students and test its validity. Factors that influence PNCC scores were examined through a cross-sectional study.

The Prognostic Impact of Adipophilin Expression on Long-Term Survival Following Liver Resection in Patients with Colorectal Liver Metastases.

: Adipophilin (ADP) is a protein associated with lipid droplets, and its expression is related to poor prognosis in certain cancers. However, its impact on the survival of patients with colorectal liver metastases (CRLMs) remains unclear. This study investigated the impact of ADP expression on long-term survival following hepatectomy in patients with CRLM.

The association of schooling, sibling life situation, and dietary habits with the estimated 24-h urinary salt excretion and sodium-to-potassium ratio in 3-year-old children.

Objectives: We examined the association of schooling, sibling life situation, and dietary habits with the estimated 24-h urinary salt excretion and the urinary sodium-to-potassium (Na/K) ratio in 3-year-old children.

Methods: The subjects were 639 children who underwent a health checkup in four cities and towns in Kyoto Prefecture from January to November 2019. The children's parents answered questionnaires about weekday childcare places, the birth order, and the awareness of reducing the salt intake.

Development and validation of a prognostic scoring system for 1-year mortality in older patients with hip fractures.

Background: Hip fractures in older people result in increased mortality.

Objective: We developed and validated an accurate and simple prognostic scoring system for hip fractures that can be used preoperatively.

Design: Retrospective study.

Improvement of corneal epithelial damage after switching from the concomitant use of brinzolamide and brimonidine to a brinzolamide/brimonidine fixed-dose combination.

Purpose: To assess the effectiveness of switching from the concomitant use of brinzolamide 1% (BZM) and brimonidine 0.1% (BMD) to a BZM/BMD fixed-dose combination (BBFC) for the reduction of corneal epithelial damage.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Potential marker subset of blood-circulating cytokines on hematopoietic progenitor-to-Th1 pathway in COVID-19.

In this study, we analyzed a relatively large subset of proteins, including 109 kinds of blood-circulating cytokines, and precisely described a cytokine storm in the expression level and the range of fluctuations during hospitalization for COVID-19. Of the proteins analyzed in COVID-19, approximately 70% were detected with Bonferroni-corrected significant differences in comparison with disease severity, clinical outcome, long-term hospitalization, and disease progression and recovery. Specifically, IP-10, sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2, sCD30, sCD163, HGF, SCYB16, IL-16, MIG, SDF-1, and fractalkine were found to be major components of the COVID-19 cytokine storm.

Factors associated with maintaining walking ability postoperation for hip fractures and the predictive value of the CGA7 score for postoperative walking ability.

Aim: Patients with hip fractures have a high rate of mortality or decreased mobility, despite early operative treatment and rehabilitation. The first aim of this study was to investigate the factors of decreased walking ability after hip fracture based on whether walking ability was or was not maintained postoperatively. The second aim was to examine the usefulness of the Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment 7 (CGA7), modified from the conventional Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment, for predicting postoperative walking ability.

The role of preoperative glycemic control in decreasing surgical site infections in lower extremity fractures.

Background: Postoperative surgical site infections (SSIs) are an important complication to prevent in surgical treatment. Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) have a higher risk of SSIs. Preoperative glycemic control is required.

The Prognostic Impact of ABO Blood Group in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Following Hepatectomy.

Background/purpose: The effect of the ABO blood group on the survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is unclear. The aim of the present study is to determine the prognostic impact of ABO blood types on the survival of a Japanese population of patients with HCC who underwent surgical resection.

Methods: Patients with HCC ( = 480) who underwent an R0 resection between 2010 and 2020 were retrospectively analyzed.

Surgical Outcomes of Laparoscopic versus Open Hepatectomy for Left Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Propensity Score Analyses Using Retrospective Japanese and Korean Individual Patient Data.

Introduction: This study aimed to compare the prognostic impact of laparoscopic left hepatectomy (LLH) with that of open left hepatectomy (OLH) on patient survival after resection of left hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Among the 953 patients who received initial treatment for primary HCC that was resectable by either LLH or OLH from 2013 to 2017 in Japan and Korea, 146 patients underwent LLH and 807 underwent OLH. The inverse probability of treatment weighting approach based on propensity scoring was used to address the potential selection bias inherent in the recurrence and survival outcomes between the LLH and OLH groups.

Reciprocal expression of the immune response genes CXCR3 and IFI44L as module hubs are associated with patient survivals in primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Purpose: Here, we investigated expression modules reflecting the reciprocal expression of the cancer microenvironment and immune response-related genes associated with poor prognosis in primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL).

Methods: Weighted gene coexpression network analysis revealed representative modules, including neurogenesis, immune response, anti-virus, microenvironment, gene expression and translation, extracellular matrix, morphogenesis, and cell adhesion in the transcriptome data of 31 PCNSL samples. RESULTS : Gene expression networks were also reflected by protein-protein interaction networks.