Metabolic flux analysis in leaf metabolism quantifies the link between photorespiration and one carbon metabolism.

Photorespiration is the second largest carbon flux in most leaves and is integrated into metabolism broadly including one-carbon (C) metabolism. Photorespiratory intermediates such as serine and others may serve as sources of C units, but it is unclear to what degree this happens in vivo, whether altered photorespiration changes flux to C metabolism, and if so through which intermediates. To clarify these questions, we quantified carbon flux from photorespiration to C metabolism using CO labelling and isotopically non-stationary metabolic flux analysis in Arabidopsis thaliana under different O concentrations which modulate photorespiration.

Formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase: supplying the cytosolic one-carbon network in roots with one-carbon units originating from glycolate.

The metabolism of tetrahydrofolate (HPteGlu)-bound one-carbon (C) units (C metabolism) is multifaceted and required for plant growth, but it is unclear what of many possible synthesis pathways provide C units in specific organelles and tissues. One possible source of C units is via formate-tetrahydrofolate ligase, which catalyzes the reversible ATP-driven production of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (10-formyl-HPteGlu) from formate and tetrahydrofolate (HPteGlu). Here, we report biochemical and functional characterization of the enzyme from Arabidopsis thaliana (AtFTHFL).

Temperature differences between sites lead to altered phenylpropanoid metabolism in a varietal dependent manner.

Elevated temperature has already caused a significant loss of wine growing areas and resulted in inferior fruit quality, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. The existence of broad genetic diversity in is key in adapting viticulture to climate change; however, a lack of understanding on the variability in berry metabolic response to climate change remains a major challenge to build strategies for quality fruit production. In the present study, we examined the impact of a consistent temperature difference between two vineyards on polyphenol metabolism in the berries of 20 red cultivars across three consecutive seasons (2017-2019).

The Effect of Topo-Climate Variation on the Secondary Metabolism of Berries in White Grapevine Varieties ().

Exploiting consistent differences in radiation and average air temperature between two experimental vineyards (Ramat Negev, RN and Mitzpe Ramon, MR), we examined the impact of climate variations on total carotenoids, redox status, and phenylpropanoid metabolism in the berries of 10 white wine grapevine () cultivars across three consecutive seasons (2017-2019). The differences in carotenoid and phenylpropanoid contents between sites were seasonal and varietal dependent. However, the warmer RN site was generally associated with higher HO levels and carotenoid degradation, and lower flavonol contents than the cooler MR site.

Metabolic Engineering Strategy Enables a Hundred-Fold Increase in Viniferin Levels in cv. Gamay Red Cell Culture.

Stilbenes are phytoalexins with health-promoting benefits for humans. Here, we boost stilbenes' production, and in particular the resveratrol dehydrodimer viniferin, with significant pharmacological properties, by overexpressing () under unlimited phenylalanine (Phe) supply. cell cultures were co-transformed with a feedback-insensitive DAHP synthase (*) and genes, under constitutive promoters.

Temperature Shift Between Vineyards Modulates Berry Phenology and Primary Metabolism in a Varietal Collection of Wine Grapevine.

Global climate change and the expected increase in temperature are altering the relationship between geography and grapevine () varietal performance, and the implications of which are yet to be fully understood. We investigated berry phenology and biochemistry of 30 cultivars, 20 red and 10 white, across three seasons (2017-2019) in response to a consistent average temperature difference of 1.5°C during the growing season between two experimental sites.

Auto-deconvolution and molecular networking of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry data.

We engineered a machine learning approach, MSHub, to enable auto-deconvolution of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) data. We then designed workflows to enable the community to store, process, share, annotate, compare and perform molecular networking of GC-MS data within the Global Natural Product Social (GNPS) Molecular Networking analysis platform. MSHub/GNPS performs auto-deconvolution of compound fragmentation patterns via unsupervised non-negative matrix factorization and quantifies the reproducibility of fragmentation patterns across samples.

Nitrogen availability and genotype affect major nutritional quality parameters of tef grain grown under irrigation.

Worldwide demand for tef (Eragrostis tef) as a functional food for human consumption is increasing, thanks to its nutritional benefits and gluten-free properties. As a result, tef in now grown outside its native environment in Ethiopia and thus information is required regarding plant nutrition demands in these areas, as well as resulting grain health-related composition. In the current work, two tef genotypes were grown in Israel under irrigation in two platforms, plots in the field and pots in a greenhouse, with four and five nitrogen treatments, respectively.