Effects of exercise therapy in patients with pancreatic cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: The reported benefits of exercise therapy in patients with pancreatic cancer include maintaining and improving physical fitness and muscle strength, reducing treatment-related side effects, and enhancing quality of life. However, the evidence remains inconclusive, necessitating the integration of interventional studies to reach a consensus. This study aimed to elucidate the effects of exercise interventions for patients with pancreatic cancer through a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Two-Year Outcome of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for Normal-Tension Glaucoma in Japan: First-Line or Second-Line Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty (FSS) Study.

: The objective of this study is to investigate the two-year continuous efficacy, risk factors, and safety profile of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) in Japanese individuals diagnosed with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG) who underwent SLT as either a first-line or second-line treatment. : A retrospective chart review was conducted of patients with NTG who underwent SLT as either an initial or secondary therapy at 26 medical institutions in Japan between January 2020 and December 2021 with a 2-year follow-up. The primary endpoint was a reduction in the rate of intraocular pressure (IOP) over 2 years after SLT.

Current status of prehabilitation before esophagectomy for patients with esophageal cancer among board-certified hospitals by the Japan Esophageal Society.

Background: Prehabilitation has been shown to prevent postoperative pneumonia and physical function decline after esophagectomy in recent systematic reviews and meta-analyses. However, the implementation status of prehabilitation for esophagectomy remains unknown. This nationwide survey was performed to investigate the current status of and barriers to prehabilitation before esophagectomy among Japanese hospitals.

The epidemiology of uveitis: comparison of its causes and visual outcomes between three-tiered medical facilities in Ube city.

This study aimed to conduct a comparative epidemiological survey of uveitis across various healthcare settings and elucidate the clinical characteristics. We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in the Ube-City medical region in Yamaguchi prefecture and recruited 268 patients from a university hospital (151 patients), municipal hospitals (51 patients), and private eye clinics (58 patients). Medical records of patients newly diagnosed with uveitis between January 2018 and December 2019 in the institutes were included, reviewed, and compared.

Relationship between quality of life before treatment and survival in patients with hematological malignancies: A meta-analysis.

This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of pretreatment quality of life (QoL) on overall survival (OS) in patients with hematological malignancies. The observational studies with relationship between QoL and OS in patients undergoing either hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) or chemotherapy were collected. Stratification by treatment was performed to examine the association between QoL and OS.

Short-term Assessment of Glaucoma Progression in Clinical Trials Using Trend-based Visual Field Progression Analysis.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of disease stage, frequency and clustering of visual field (VF) tests, inclusion of 1 or both eyes, and 1 (1 arm; before and after a treatment) or 2 groups (2 arms; treatment and control arm) on sample size calculation in clinical trials.

Design: Clinical cohort study.

Participants: A series of VFs were simulated based on test-retest VF data in the early, moderate, and advanced stages of glaucoma with 231, 204, and 226 eyes, respectively.

Relationship between patient-reported health-related quality of life as measured with the SF-36 or SF-12 and their mortality risk in patients with diverse cancer type: a meta-analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between health-related quality of life (HRQOL) as measured with the Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36) or Short Form 12 Health Survey (SF-12) and mortality risk in patients with diverse types of cancer.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Scopus databases to collect articles published before December 2022. Of these, observational studies that examined the association between HRQOL and mortality risk in patients with various cancer types were extracted.

The Efficacy and Safety Associated with Switching from Concomitant Brimonidine and Ripasudil, or Brimonidine or Ripasudil Monotherapy to a Fixed Combination of Brimonidine and Ripasudil in Glaucoma Patients.

: The purpose of this study was to investigate switching from brimonidine and ripasudil, and brimonidine or ripasudil, to a fixed combination of brimonidine and ripasudil, and evaluate the associated efficacy and safety in glaucoma patients. : Glaucoma patients undergoing treatment with at least brimonidine and ripasudil (n = 25) or treatment with at least brimonidine or ripasudil (n = 45) were evaluated in this retrospective study. After switching patients taking brimonidine and ripasudil, or brimonidine or ripasudil, to a ripasudil/brimonidine fixed-combination, ophthalmic suspension (RBFC), intra-ocular pressure (IOP), conjunctival hyperemia and superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) were evaluated before and at 4, 12 and 24 weeks after switching to RBFC.

Current status of research on sarcopenia in post-treatment cancer survivors in Japan:A narrative review.

Sarcopenia is prevalent among 11-25% of adult cancer survivors, depending on the cancer type, although the available data on post-treatment survivors in Japan are limited. If cancer patients develop cachexia, they may experience sustained weight loss as a result, ultimately leading to sarcopenia. Conversely, some patients experience post-treatment weight gain, resulting in sarcopenic obesity.

Pretreatment quality of life and survival in patients with lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Although many studies have explored the correlation between quality of life and survival, none have reported this relationship for specific cancers assessed at distinct time points. This meta-analysis aimed to investigate the impact of pretreatment Global Quality of Life (QOL) and functioning QOL, including physical, social, role, emotional, and cognitive QOLs, on mortality risk in patients with lung cancer.

Methods: A literature search was conducted across the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published between their inception and December 2022.

Chronic subdural electrocorticography in nonhuman primates by an implantable wireless device for brain-machine interfaces.

Background: Subdural electrocorticography (ECoG) signals have been proposed as a stable, good-quality source for brain-machine interfaces (BMIs), with a higher spatial and temporal resolution than electroencephalography (EEG). However, long-term implantation may lead to chronic inflammatory reactions and connective tissue encapsulation, resulting in a decline in signal recording quality. However, no study has reported the effects of the surrounding tissue on signal recording and device functionality thus far.

Neurological Outcomes of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients With Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine whether chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) affects the risk of falls and physical function in patients with cancer.

Methods: A literature search was conducted in the CINAHL, Scopus, and PubMed databases for articles published from January 1950 to April 2022. Seven review authors retrieved studies using predetermined eligibility criteria, extracted the data, and evaluated the quality.

The Efficacy, Safety, and Satisfaction Associated with Switching from Brinzolamide or Brimonidine to Brinzolamide/Brimonidine in Open-Angle Glaucoma Patients.

We evaluated switching from brinzolamide 1% or brimonidine 0.1% to a fixed-combination of brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.1%, and then determined the efficacy, safety, and satisfaction associated with these changes in glaucoma patients.

Intracranial EEG Recordings of High-Frequency Activity From a Wireless Implantable BMI Device in Awake Nonhuman Primates.

Objective: Wireless implantable brain machine interfaces (BMIs) are a promising tool to restore communication and motor functions for individuals with severe motor disability. Prior to clinical application, recording performance must be sufficiently confirmed by animal experiments. In this paper, we aimed to evaluate the performance of a novel BMI wireless device for recording brain activity in two nonhuman primates.

Electrocorticographic effects of acute ketamine on non-human primate brains.

. Acute blockade of glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by ketamine induces symptoms and electrophysiological changes similar to schizophrenia. Previous studies have shown that ketamine elicits aberrant gamma oscillations in several cortical areas and impairs coupling strength between the low-frequency phase and fast frequency amplitude, which plays an important role in integrating functional information.

The Efficacy, Safety and Satisfaction Associated with Switching from Brinzolamide 1% and Brimonidine 0.1% to a Fixed Combination of Brinzolamide 1% and Brimonidine 0.1% in Glaucoma Patients.

We evaluated glaucoma patients for the efficacy, safety and satisfaction associated with switching from brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.1% to a fixed combination of brinzolamide 1% and brimonidine 0.1%.

Long-term safety and effectiveness of stiripentol in patients with Dravet syndrome: Interim report of a post-marketing surveillance study in Japan.

Background: A post-marketing surveillance study is investigating the safety and effectiveness of stiripentol during real-world clinical use in Japanese patients with Dravet syndrome (DS).

Methods: The safety and effectiveness of stiripentol were prospectively investigated over 104 weeks in all patients with DS who were administered the drug from November 2012 through July 2019 in Japan. Patients administered stiripentol for the first time after its approval were defined as "new patients," and those who continued to take the drug after participating in domestic clinical studies were defined as "continuous-use patients.

Minimal Tissue Reaction after Chronic Subdural Electrode Implantation for Fully Implantable Brain-Machine Interfaces.

There is a growing interest in the use of electrocorticographic (ECoG) signals in brain-machine interfaces (BMIs). However, there is still a lack of studies involving the long-term evaluation of the tissue response related to electrode implantation. Here, we investigated biocompatibility, including chronic tissue response to subdural electrodes and a fully implantable wireless BMI device.