High Performance Amphibious Light-Driven Soft Actuators Realized by Biomimetic Superhydrophobic Micropillars.

Light-driven amphibious soft actuators have been a research focus in soft robotics for their superior environmental adaptability and remote controllability. However, achieving amphibious motion in millimeter-scale light-driven soft actuators remains challenging, as designing and fabricating land-water compatible structures is difficult. In this study, we develop femtosecond-laser-fabricated tilted superhydrophobic microstructures to enable amphibious capabilities in soft actuators.

Association of inflammation and nutrition-based indicators with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality.

Background: Inflammation and nutrition are strongly linked to respiratory diseases, but the link between inflammation and nutrition-based indicators and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and its mortality has not been reported.

Methods: We recruited adults no younger than 20 years old from the NHANES 1999-2018. Inflammation and nutrition-based indicators included NAR, PNI, MAR, RAR, HALP, and ALI.

APEX-pHLA: A novel method for accurate prediction of the binding between exogenous short peptides and HLA class I molecules.

Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules play critically significant role within the realm of immunotherapy due to their capacities to recognize and bind exogenous antigens such as peptides, subsequently delivering them to immune cells. Predicting the binding between peptides and HLA molecules (pHLA) can expedite the screening of immunogenic peptides and facilitate vaccine design. However, traditional experimental methods are time-consuming and inefficient.

Alterations of voxel-wise spontaneous activity and corresponding brain functional networks in multiple system atrophy patients with mild cognitive impairment.

Emerging evidence has indicated that cognitive impairment is an underrecognized feature of multiple system atrophy (MSA). Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is related to a high risk of dementia. However, the mechanism underlying MCI in MSA remains controversial.

Multimodal striatal neuromarkers in distinguishing parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy from idiopathic Parkinson's disease.

Aims: To develop an automatic method of classification for parkinsonian variant of multiple system atrophy (MSA-P) and Idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) in early to moderately advanced stages based on multimodal striatal alterations and identify the striatal neuromarkers for distinction.

Methods: 77 IPD and 75 MSA-P patients underwent 3.0 T multimodal MRI comprising susceptibility-weighted imaging, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging, T1-weighted imaging, and diffusion tensor imaging.

Regular Periodic Surface Structures on Indium Tin Oxide Film Efficiently Fabricated by Femtosecond Laser Direct Writing with a Cylindrical Lens.

Regular laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS) were efficiently fabricated on indium tin oxide (ITO) films by femtosecond laser direct writing with a cylindrical lens. It was found that randomly distributed nanoparticles and high spatial frequency LIPSSs (HSFL) formed on the surface after a small number of cumulative incident laser pulses per spot, and regular low spatial frequency LIPSSs (LSFL) appeared when more laser pulses accumulated. The mechanism of the transition was studied by real-time absorptance measurement and theoretical simulation.

Vesicle transport related protein Synaptotagmin-1 mediates paraquat transport to antagonize paraquat toxicity.

In this study, A549/PQ cells with moderate resistance to paraquat (PQ) were obtained by treating A549 cells with PQ, their growth rate was slowed down, the accumulation concentration of PQ and the levels of growth inhibition, injury and early apoptosis induced by PQ were significantly lower than those of parental A549 cells. Microarray screening and RT-qPCR detection found that Synaptotagmin-1 (SYT1) expression in drug-resistant cells was significantly increased, and PQ further enhanced its expression. After inhibiting SYT1 expression in A549/PQ cells, cell viability, intracellular PQ concentration and the expression of Bcl-2, SNAP25 and RAB26 were significantly reduced, while the mortality, early apoptosis rate and Bax expression were significantly increased.

Surface birefringence of regular periodic surface structures produced on glass coated with an indium tin oxide film using a low-fluence femtosecond laser through a cylindrical lens.

Large-area regular laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSSs) with a birefringence effect were efficiently produced on a glass surface coated with an indium tin oxide (ITO) film, through irradiation by a femtosecond laser (800 nm, 50 fs, 3 mJ, 1 kHz) focused with a cylindrical lens. The laser fluence of 0.44 J/cm on the coated glass was only one-tenth of that on bare glass, which significantly reduced the thermal effect.

Gas6 attenuates lipopolysaccharide‑induced TNF‑α expression and apoptosis in H9C2 cells through NF‑κB and MAPK inhibition via the Axl/PI3K/Akt pathway.

Therapeutic agents used to treat sepsis‑induced cardiac dysfunction are designed to suppress tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‑α release and inhibit cell apoptosis. Exogenous administration of growth arrest‑specific 6 (Gas6) exerts several biological and pharmacological effects; however, the role of Gas6 in sepsis‑induced myocardial dysfunction remains unclear. In this study, H9C2 cardiomyocytes were stimulated with LPS (10 µg/ml) to mimic septic cardiac dysfunction and Gas6 (100 ng/ml) was applied exogenously.

Crosstalk between Mitochondrial Fission and Oxidative Stress in Paraquat-Induced Apoptosis in Mouse Alveolar Type II Cells.

Paraquat (PQ), as a highly effective and nonselective herbicide, induces cell apoptosis through generation of superoxide anions which forms reactive oxygen species (ROS). Mitochondria, as regulators for cellular redox signaling, have been proved to play an important role in PQ-induced cell apoptosis. This study aimed to evaluate whether and how mitochondrial fission interacts with oxidative stress in PQ-induced apoptosis in mouse alveolar type II (AT-II) cells.