Impact of Therapeutic Radioactive Iodine on the Recurrence of Papillary Thyroid Cancer With Extranodal Extension in Metastatic Lymph Nodes: A Propensity Score-matched Analysis.

Purpose: Radioactive iodine therapy (RAI) ≥100 mCi (3.7 GBq) is commonly recommended for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) patients with extranodal extension (ENE). However, no study has evaluated whether RAI ≥100 mCi is effective in reducing the recurrence of PTC with ENE.

Persistently Active Infection Is Associated with the Development of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Previous studies suggested a link between ( infection and steatotic liver disease, now termed metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). This study aimed to identify the association of active infection and the new concept of MASLD in a longitudinal cohort. We reviewed 1497 health examinees who had two endoscopic biopsies for activity without hepatic steatosis at the baseline abdominal ultrasonography.

Association Between Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and Thyroid Cancer.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represents a hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. This study investigated the association between newly developed nomenclature MASLD and the risk of thyroid cancer in the Korean population. After excluding individuals with a history of liver disease or malignancy, we analyzed a cohort of 214,502 Korean adults aged 40 years and above who participated in the National Health Screening Program from 2009 to 2010.

Design, synthesis, and evaluation of purine and pyrimidine-based G12D inhibitors: Towards potential anticancer therapy.

Oncogenic mutations, commonly observed in human tumors, affect approximately 30% of cancer cases and pose a significant challenge for effective cancer treatment. Current strategies to inhibit the G12D mutation have shown limited success, emphasizing the urgent need for new therapeutic approaches. In this study, we designed and synthesized several purine and pyrimidine analogs as inhibitors for the G12D mutation.

Glucocorticoid-Induced Hyperglycemia: A Neglected Problem.

Glucocorticoids provide a potent therapeutic response and are widely used to treat a variety of diseases, including coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. However, the issue of glucocorticoid-induced hyperglycemia (GIH), which is observed in over one-third of patients treated with glucocorticoids, is often neglected. To improve the clinical course and prognosis of diseases that necessitate glucocorticoid therapy, proper management of GIH is essential.

Greater Severity of Steatosis Is Associated with a Higher Risk of Incident Diabetes: A Retrospective Longitudinal Study.

Backgruound: Fatty liver is associated with increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes. We aimed to evaluate whether the severity of hepatic steatosis is associated with incident diabetes.

Methods: We conducted a longitudinal analysis using data from 1,798 participants who underwent a comprehensive health checkup and abdominal computed tomography (CT).

A collaborative study to establish the second national standard for hepatitis B immunoglobulin in Korea.

This study aimed to establish a second national standard for hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) that can be used for potency assays of hepatitis B and normal immunoglobulin. The candidate material was manufactured using a process approved as Good Manufacturing Practice. The freeze-dried candidate preparation was tested for physicochemical and biological properties, including pH, residual moisture, molecular size distribution, and potency.

Dose-Dependent Effect of Smoking on Risk of Diabetes Remains after Smoking Cessation: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study in Korea.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the dose-dependent effects of smoking on risk of diabetes among those quitting smoking.

Methods: We analyzed clinical data from a total of 5,198,792 individuals age 20 years or older who received health care check-up arranged by the national insurance program of Korea between 2009 and 2016 using the Korean National Health Insurance Service database. Cumulative smoking was estimated by pack-years.

Protective effect of smoking cessation on subsequent myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke independent of weight gain: A nationwide cohort study.

Smoking cessation reduces the cardiovascular risk but increases body weight. We investigated the risk of subsequent myocardial infarction and ischemic stroke according to weight gain after smoking cessation, using a nationwide population based cohort. We enrolled 3,797,572 Korean adults aged over 40 years who participated in national health screenings between 2009 and 2010.

Decreased Vagal Activity and Deviation in Sympathetic Activity Precedes Development of Diabetes.

Objective: The objective of this study was to examine whether altered heart rate variability (HRV) could predict the risk of diabetes in Asians.

Research Design And Methods: A cohort study was conducted in 54,075 adults without diabetes who underwent 3-min HRV measurement during health checkups between 2011 and 2014 at Kangbuk Samsung Hospital. We analyzed the time domain (SD of the normal-to-normal interval [SDNN] and root mean square differences of successive normal-to-normal intervals [RMSSD]) and the frequency domain (total power, normalized low-frequency power [LF], and normalized high-frequency power [HF] and LF/HF ratio).

Relation between Baseline Height and New Diabetes Development: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: Short stature and leg length are associated with risk of diabetes and obesity. However, it remains unclear whether this association is observed in Asians. We evaluated the association between short stature and increased risk for diabetes using the Korean National Health Screening (KNHS) dataset.

Maintenance of body weight is an important determinant for the risk of ischemic stroke: A nationwide population-based cohort study.

Background: Overweight is known as a risk factor for ischemic stroke. However, the effect of weight change on the development of ischemic stroke remains controversial. We investigated the relationship between weight change and the risk of ischemic stroke using a nationwide population-based cohort.

The Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Ischemic Stroke According to Waist Circumference in 21,749,261 Korean Adults: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.

Background: Waist circumference (WC) is a well-known obesity index that predicts cardiovascular disease (CVD). We studied the relationship between baseline WC and development of incident myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemic stroke (IS) using a nationwide population-based cohort, and evaluated if its predictability is better than body mass index (BMI).

Methods: Our study included 21,749,261 Koreans over 20 years of age who underwent the Korean National Health Screening between 2009 and 2012.

Association between abdominal obesity and increased risk for the development of hypertension regardless of physical activity: A nationwide population-based study.

The presence of abdominal obesity and lack of physical activity are both risk factors for the development of hypertension. The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of developing hypertension according to baseline waist circumference (WC). In total, 16 312 476 non-hypertensive participants who were covered by the National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) from 2009 to 2012 in Korea were included in the study.

Appropriate Amount of Regular Exercise Is Associated with a Reduced Mortality Risk.

Purpose: This study aimed at investigating whether there is a continuous dose-response relationship between the amount of physical activity (PA) and longevity benefit.

Methods: We evaluated the records of 23,257,723 Koreans age ≥20 yr who had undergone one biennial medical evaluation by the National Health Insurance Corporation. Participants with ≥20 min of vigorous or ≥30 min of moderate PA or walking were stratified into four groups: 0 d·wk; 1-3 d·wk; 4 to 5 d·wk; and 6-7 d·wk.

Association between thyroid hormone levels, body composition and insulin resistance in euthyroid subjects with normal thyroid ultrasound: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.

Objective: Thyroid hormones play crucial roles in the control of energy homoeostasis and can influence body composition. In contrast, the changes in body composition might influence thyroid hormone levels. We evaluated associations between thyroid hormone levels, body composition and insulin resistance in euthyroid subjects with normal thyroid ultrasound (US) findings.

Prevalence and Annual Incidence of Thyroid Disease in Korea from 2006 to 2015: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.

Background: The incidence of thyroid nodules has increased worldwide in recent years. Thyroid dysfunction is a potential risk factor for hypercholesterolemia, cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, arrhythmia, and neuropsychiatric disease. This study investigated the prevalence and annual incidence of thyroid nodules, hypothyroidism, and hyperthyroidism in Koreans.

Pioglitazone Attenuates Palmitate-Induced Inflammation and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Pancreatic β-Cells.

Background: The nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activator gamma (PPARγ) is a useful therapeutic target for obesity and diabetes, but its role in protecting β-cell function and viability is unclear.

Methods: To identify the potential functions of PPARγ in β-cells, we treated mouse insulinoma 6 (MIN6) cells with the PPARγ agonist pioglitazone in conditions of lipotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and inflammation.

Results: Palmitate-treated cells incubated with pioglitazone exhibited significant improvements in glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and the repression of apoptosis, as shown by decreased caspase-3 cleavage and poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase activity.

Increased risk of diabetes development in individuals with weight cycling over 4 years: The Kangbuk Samsung Health study.

Aims: Weight cycling is defined as cyclical loss and gain of weight and recent studies suggest deleterious effects of weight cycling on cardiometabolic health. We aimed to analyze the risk for diabetes development in association with weight cycling over 4 years of follow-up.

Methods: A retrospective study performed in 4,818 non-diabetic participants (mean age 43 years, 78.

The Association between Persistent Hypertriglyceridemia and the Risk of Diabetes Development: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.

Background: Hypertriglyceridemia is known to have an association with increased risks of insulin resistance and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the risk of diabetes mellitus, according to changes in the concentrations of triglycerides, over time.

Methods: A total of 15,932 non-diabetic participants (mean age 43.

Changes in Body Composition According to Age and Sex among Young Non-Diabetic Korean Adults: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.

Background: Age-related decreases in lean mass represent a serious health problem. We aimed to analyze the risks of rapid decreases in lean mass by age and sex in relatively young Korean adults during a 4-year follow-up study.

Methods: A total of 65,856 non-diabetic participants (59.

The persistence of fatty liver has a differential impact on the development of diabetes: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.

Aims: To evaluate whether variable fatty liver status over time influence the risk of type 2 diabetes differently.

Methods: We analyzed the data from 7849 subjects without type 2 diabetes who underwent comprehensive health check-ups annually for 5 years. All subjects had an abdominal ultrasonography annually.

Association Between Coronary Artery Calcification and the Hemoglobin Glycation Index: The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study.

Context: The hemoglobin glycation index (HGI) is known to be correlated with the risk for cardiovascular disease.

Objective: To analyze the association between incident coronary artery calcification (CAC) and the changes in HGI among participants without diabetes, over 4 years.

Design, Setting, Participants, And Outcome Measures: A retrospective study of 2052 nondiabetic participants in whom the coronary artery calcium score was measured repeatedly over 4 years, as part of a health checkup program in Kangbuk Samsung Hospital in Korea, and who had no CAC at baseline.

Insulin resistance contributes more to the increased risk for diabetes development in subjects with low lipoprotein(a) level than insulin secretion.

Background: Recent studies suggest an association between Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] and the development of diabetes mellitus. We analyzed the association between baseline Lp(a) levels and diabetes development after 4 years of follow-up, in a population of apparently healthy Korean subjects.

Methods: A total of 2,536 non-diabetic participants (mean age: 41 years, men: 92%) of a health checkup program were included in the study.