Fast solid-phase bonding based on indium film-modified copper crystal structure.

The special shape of Cu/In layer and ultrasonic vibration are used to realize fast bonding at room temperature, thus solving the problems of high thermal stress and signal delay caused by high temperature in the traditional reflow soldering process. The indium film-modified copper crystal microlayer substrates are used as bonding couples, and ultrasonic vibration and pressure are applied to the bonding contact area to realize the rapid solid-phase bonding of two copper substrates. The microstructure, intermetallic compounds and average shear strength at the bonding interface are analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and bond strength tester.

Advances in two-photon absorption photodynamic therapy of glioma based on porphyrin-based metal-organicframework composites.

Gliomas of the brain are characterised by high aggressiveness, high postoperative recurrence rate, high morbidity and mortality, posing a great challenge to clinical treatment. Traditional treatments include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy; they also have significant associated side effects, leading to difficulties in tumour resection and recurrence. Photodynamic therapy has been shown to be a promising new strategy to help treat malignant tumours of the brain.

Revealing brain cell-stratified causality through dissecting causal variants according to their cell-type-specific effects on gene expression.

The human brain has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several complex diseases. Taking advantage of single-cell techniques, genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have taken it a step further and revealed brain cell-type-specific functions for disease loci. However, genetic causal associations inferred by Mendelian randomization (MR) studies usually include all instrumental variables from GWAS, which hampers the understanding of cell-specific causality.

Effect of macrophage polarization on parasitic protection against type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic beta cells. Based on the hygiene hypothesis, a growing body of evidence suggests a negative association between parasitic infections and diabetes in humans and animal models. The mechanism of parasite-mediated prevention of type 1 diabetes mellitus may be related to the adaptive and innate immune systems.

TMCO1 expression promotes cell proliferation and induces epithelial-mesenchymal transformation in human gliomas.

Transmembrane and coiled-coil domains 1 (TMCO1) is a recently discovered transmembrane protein of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which plays a critical role in maintaining calcium homeostasis. TMCO1 dysfunction has been proved to be closely related to a variety of human diseases, including glaucoma, deformities, mental retardation and tumorigenesis. However, the role of TMCO1 in gliomas remains unclear.

Inhibition of Human Sulfotransferases by Phthalate Monoesters.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the inhibition of human important phase II metabolic enzyme sulfotransferases (SULTs) by phthalate monoesters, which are important metabolites of phthalate esters (PAEs).

Method: Recombinant SULT-catalyzed metabolism of p-nitrophenol (PNP) was employed as the probe reactions of SULTs to investigate the inhibition of 8 kinds of phthalate monoesters towards SULT isoforms. An incubation system was utilized for preliminary screening, and 100 μM of phthalate monoesters was used.

Short chain fatty acids for the risk of diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes patients.

Aims: This study aimed to explore relationships short chain fatty acids with diabetic nephropathy (DN) in type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients.

Methods: We extracted the clinical and omics data of 100 T2D patients and 100 DN patients from April 2018 to April 2019 from a tertiary hospital. Restricted cubic splines were used to examine full-range associations of short chain fatty acids with DN in T2D.

EIF4A3-induced circular RNA PRKAR1B promotes osteosarcoma progression by miR-361-3p-mediated induction of FZD4 expression.

Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs are broadly expressed in osteosarcoma (OS) cells and play a crucial role in OS progression. Recently, cancer-specific circRNA circPRKAR1B has been identified by high-throughput sequencing and is recorded in publicly available databases. Nevertheless, the detailed functions and underlying mechanisms of circPRKAR1B in OS remains poorly understood.

[Short-segment pedicle screw fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis].

Objective: To explore the clinical effects of posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty for the treatment of Kümmell disease with kyphosis.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with Kümmell disease complicated with kyphosis treated by posterior short-segment pedicle screw internal fixation combined with vertebroplasty from January 2016 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including 6 males and 18 females, aged 63 to 85 (73.1±6.

PI3K/mTORC1/2 inhibitor PQR309 inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common type of primary central nervous system tumor in adults, which has high mortality and morbidity rates, and short survival time, namely <15 months after the diagnosis and application of standard therapy, which includes surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy; thus, novel therapeutic strategies are imperative. The activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway plays an important role in GBM. In the present study, U87 and U251 GBM cells were treated with the PI3K/mTORC1/2 inhibitor PQR309, and its effect on glioma cells was investigated.

One-stage Debridement via Oblique Lateral Interbody Fusion Corridor Combined with Posterior Pedicle Screw Fixation in Treating Spontaneous Lumbar Infectious Spondylodiscitis: A Case Series.

Objective: Surgery is indicated when antibiotic treatment fails in pyogenic spondylodiscitis, which is caused by pathogens such as the Staphylococcus species. The aim of the present study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of the oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) corridor approach combined with posterior pedicle screw fixation for treating pyogenic spondylodiscitis.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series study.

Shear stress regulation of miR-93 and miR-484 maturation through nucleolin.

Pulsatile shear (PS) and oscillatory shear (OS) elicit distinct mechanotransduction signals that maintain endothelial homeostasis or induce endothelial dysfunction, respectively. A subset of microRNAs (miRs) in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are differentially regulated by PS and OS, but the regulation of the miR processing and its implications in EC biology by shear stress are poorly understood. From a systematic in silico analysis for RNA binding proteins that regulate miR processing, we found that nucleolin (NCL) is a major regulator of miR processing in response to OS and essential for the maturation of miR-93 and miR-484 that target mRNAs encoding Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).

PI3Kβ inhibitor AZD6482 exerts antiproliferative activity and induces apoptosis in human glioblastoma cells.

Glioblastoma is the most common type of primary brain tumour in adults, and its pathogenesis is particularly complicated. Among the many possible mechanisms underlying its pathogenesis, hyperactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway is essential to the occurrence and development of glioma through the loss of PTEN or somatic activating mutations in PIK3CA. In the present study, we investigated the effect of the PI3Kβ inhibitor AZD6482 on glioma cells.

Identification of Core Biomarkers Associated with Outcome in Glioma: Evidence from Bioinformatics Analysis.

Glioma is the most common neoplasm of the central nervous system (CNS); the progression and outcomes of which are affected by a complicated network of genes and pathways. We chose a gene expression profile of GSE66354 from GEO database to search core biomarkers during the occurrence and development of glioma. A total of 149 samples, involving 136 glioma and 13 normal brain tissues, were enrolled in this article.

[Materiamedica literature study on medicinal properties and utility of four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines].

In order to explore the correlation between the medicinal properties，efficacy and application in the same genetic relationship，explain the scientific connotation of the medicinal properties and effects of traditional Chinese medicines(TCM)，promote the academic development of the theory of traditional Chinese medicines，and provide reference for the research and development of the traditional Chinese medicines of a same genus. In this paper, a literature study of ancient and modern works of Chinese herbal medicine was conducted to investigate the correlation between the properties, meridians tropism, efficacy and application of Alpinia officinarum， A. katsumadai， Galangae Fructus and Alpinae Oxyphyllae Fructus, four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines．The results showed that the similar properties of these four kinds of Alpinia Chinese medicines included that they were acrid, warm,and mainly getting into the spleen and stomach channels; the similar efficacies included that dispelling cold，relieving pain，warming stomach，anti-nausea，anti-diarrheal，reinforcing spleen to promote digestion and other effects; in application aspects, the similarities were that they were all mainly used in treatment of catching cold or spleen deficiency induced by abdominal pain，vomiting，diarrhea,diet indigestion, etc.

D-dimer may predict poor outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a retrospective study.

Serum biomarkers may play a reliable role in predicting the outcomes of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. This study retrospectively analyzed the relationship between serum biomarkers on admission and outcomes in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. We recruited 146 patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage who were treated in Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University of China between 1 May 2014 and 30 March 2016.

Two-step phase shifting differential-recording digital holographic microscopy.

We present two-step phase-shifting differential-recording digital holographic microscopy (TPD-DH in microscopy) for phase imaging of microscopic transparent elements. Two CCDs are employed to record two interferograms at two different defocusing distances. The interferograms on the two CCD cameras are shifted for a phase retarder 0 and π via an all-optics phase shifting unit.

Morphology and Optical Properties of RF Sputtering Deposited Indium Nitride Layers Under Different N₂/Ar Ratio.

InN thin films were prepared using reactive radio frequency sputtering on (111) Si substrates under different N₂/Ar ratio. The surface morphology and optical properties of InN thin films were characterized by X-ray diffraction, atomic force microscopy, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrometer, and UV-visible-NIR spectrophotometer at room temperature. It was found that the growth rate and surface RMS roughness of InN layers all significantly decreased with the increasing of N₂ content in the sputtering gas.

Wortmannilactones I-L, new NADH-fumarate reductase inhibitors, induced by adding suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid to the culture medium of Talaromyces wortmannii.

With the aim of finding more potential inhibitors against NADH-fumarate reductase (specific target for treating helminthiasis and cancer) from natural resources, Talaromyces wortmannii was treated with the epigenome regulatory agent suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, which resulted in the isolation of four new wortmannilactones derivatives (wortmannilactones I-L, 1-4). The structures of these new compounds were elucidated based on IR, HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data analyses. These four new compounds showed potent inhibitory activity against NADH-fumarate reductase with the IC values ranging from 0.

Multifidus Muscle Atrophy Not Observed Following Two-segment Anterior Interbody Fusion: A Rabbit Model Study With a 12-Month Follow-up.

Study Design: Experimental study evaluated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histologic changes in the multifidus muscle after anterior spinal fusion.

Objective: To determine the effect of spinal fusion on the multifidus muscle in an anterior rabbit model through the use of MRI and histologic evaluation.

Summary Of Background Data: Retraction and splitting approach are known to be important factors in postoperative injury and atrophy of the multifidus muscle.

miR-590-3p Is a Novel MicroRNA in Myocarditis by Targeting Nuclear Factor Kappa-B in vivo.

Objective: Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-954;B)-induced inflammation leads to myocarditis and heart dysfunction. How microRNAs (miRNAs) contribute to this process is poorly defined. The aim of this study was to investigate whether miRNAs regulate NF-954;B-induced inflammation in experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM) in vivo.

Comparison of modic changes in the lumbar and cervical spine, in 3167 patients with and without spinal pain.

Background Context: There are few comparisons of Modic changes (MCs) in the lumbar and cervical spine.

Purpose: Compare the prevalence of MCs in the lumbar and cervical spine, and determine how MC prevalence depends on spinal pain, age, disc degeneration, spinal level, and the presence or absence of kyphosis.

Study Design: Retrospective clinical survey.

[Locking plate external fixator for the treatment of middle and distal tibial fractures].

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of locking plate external fixator in treating middle and distal tibial fractures.

Methods: From January 2010 to January 2013,18 patients suffered from middle and distal tibial fractures were treated by locking plate external fixator,including 11 males and 7 females, with an average age of 53.5 (ranged from 13 to 80) years old,the course of disease ranged from 2 h to 3 d.

Isoproterenol instigates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and heart failure via AMPK inactivation-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress.

A prolonged or excessive adrenergic activation leads to myocyte loss and heart dysfunction; however, how it contributes to heart failure remains poorly defined. Here we show that isoproterenol (ISO) induced aberrant endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptotic cell death, which was inhibited by activating the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in vitro and in vivo. Persistent ISO stimulation suppressed the AMPK phosphorylation and function, resulting in enhanced ER stress and the subsequent cell apoptosis in cardiomyocytes in vitro and in vivo.