The Relation Between Psychopathy and Sexual Aggression: A Meta-Analysis.

Objective: Psychopathy is a multifaceted, hierarchical construct that has been linked to aggression and antisocial behavior. The triarchic model of psychopathy comprises three underlying, distinct trait domains: boldness, disinhibition, and meanness. Understanding how psychopathy at general and factor levels relates to sexual aggression is critical given its connection and the serious repercussions of sexual aggression.

The Water Insecurity Experiences (WISE) Scales are suitable for use in high-income settings: findings from cognitive interviews and nationally representative surveys.

Background: The Water Insecurity Experiences Scales are validated tools for reliably and comparably assessing experiences with water access and use in low- and middle-income countries. Although theoretically applicable in high-income countries, their performance in these settings has not been assessed. This study therefore examined whether the Water Insecurity Experiences Scales function similarly in high-income countries, and if they generated measures comparable to those in low- and middle-income countries.

Measurement Invariance of the Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form According to Psychological Treatment History.

The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory-Short Form (FFNI-SF) is the only extant scale that efficiently measures narcissism at the three-factor level (antagonism, agentic extraversion, and narcissistic neuroticism). Individuals with significant narcissistic dysfunction are frequently seen in clinical settings. However, there has been limited testing of measurement invariance (MI) in narcissism measures, especially multifaceted ones, across clinical and nonclinical groups.

Poor Water Quality and Food Insecurity in Ecuador: Disparities in Exposure and Associations With Young Child Feeding Practices.

Background: Reliable access to adequate food and safe drinking water is essential for child health and development, but food insecurity and water quality issues are common globally. Understanding how these factors are associated with child feeding practices is critical for identifying strategies to mitigate their potential negative influences.

Objective: To estimate exposure to poor water quality and food insecurity among young children in Ecuador and examine their associations with child-feeding practices.

It is past time to abandon the term "dark" as a descriptor of antagonistic traits.

Imagine an article that offers a model of the manifestations of low intelligence, titled the "D(umb) Factor of Low Intelligence." Many psychologists would object to this label as being stigmatizing, unhelp ful, vague, and offensive. Yet a similarly troublesome term has slipped into the psychological literature without protest-the use of "dark" as a descriptor of antagonistic constructs (e.

Continuous Glucose Monitoring in the Intensive Care Unit: A Multicenter, Retrospective Hospital-Based Analysis.

Background: There is limited experience with continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) in intensive care units (ICUs). This study examined CGM accuracy and changes during hemodynamic instability in ICU patients with COVID-19.

Methods: We pooled data from three ICUs using CGM within a hybrid protocol combining point-of-care (POC) blood glucose testing with intermittent nonadjunctive CGM use.

Comparing the Comprehensibility of Personality Measures Used to Measure New Diagnostic Approaches to Personality Disorders.

In the fifth edition of the (), an Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD) was proposed that considers the severity of impairment in personality functioning (Criterion A) and elevations in five pathological personality traits (Criterion B) as the primary diagnostic criteria. The present study examined whether self-report measures of personality impairment are longer, more complex, difficult, and require more introspection than items from measures of pathological personality traits. Participants from two undergraduate university research pools ( = 460) completed two measures of personality impairment and one measure of pathological personality traits.

Factors Influencing Wasting in Children Under 5 in Arid Regions of Kenya.

Child wasting is a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries. Our study aimed to identify immediate, underlying and basic factors influencing wasting among children in Turkana and Samburu, two arid and semi-arid regions in Kenya. Data are from a longitudinal study of children under 3 years of age at baseline, with follow-up every 4 months for 2 years.

Pathological Personality Traits and Self-Reported Managerial Leadership: A Comparison of the Dirty Dozen and Five-Factor Model Antagonistic Triad Measure.

This study ( = 427) examined the predictive and incremental validity of two Dark Triad (DT) measures-the Dirty Dozen (DD) and the Five-Factor Model Antagonistic Triad Measure (FFM ATM)-in relation to self-reported managerial leadership. Prior research shows that unidimensional DT measures like the DD may obscure nuanced trait-outcome relations. In contrast, the FFM ATM disaggregates DT traits into both core personality components (Antagonism, Emotional Stability, Impulsivity, Agency) and traditional DT subscales (e.

Perils of Partialing: Can Scholars Predict Residualized Variables' Nomological Nets?

Objective: Partialing is a statistical procedure in which the variance shared among two or more constructs is removed, allowing researchers to examine the unique properties of the residualized, partialed, or unique portions of each construct. Although this technique is common, its use has been criticized due to the difficulty faced in interpreting residualized variables, especially when the original constructs were highly correlated. The aim of this study is to test the degree to which psychological researchers from the fields of clinical, social, and personality psychology are able to estimate the nomological network of partialed variables accurately when provided with information on the zero-order relations between the variables and with general personality traits.

Elemental psychopathy assessment's nomological net: A meta-analytic review.

Psychopathy is a longstanding construct of great clinical interest, marked by traits such as Callousness, manipulativeness, and impulsivity. The Elemental Psychopathy Assessment (EPA; Lynam et al., 2011) was developed to anchor the measurement of psychopathy within the five-factor model of personality.

Comparison of self-report data validity in undergraduate samples using remote versus in-person administration methods.

In the internet age, recruitment, participation, and compensation for survey research can occur remotely, away from a laboratory setting. Although this method of data collection offers notable benefits such as access to more diverse samples and lower study costs, it is possible that rates of inattentive or otherwise invalid response patterns are more common when survey completion occurs without any oversight. To answer this question, undergraduate student participants (final = 678; 65% women, 76% White/European American) were randomly assigned to complete a battery of self-report surveys either in a typical laboratory administration setting (in person) or remotely from the location of their choosing.

Questionable research practices violate the American Psychological Association's Code of Ethics.

In this viewpoint article, the authors assert that psychology is in the midst of a "replication crisis" due to factors such as low power, p-hacking, publication bias, and hypothesizing after the results are known (HARKing). Individually, these practices have been decried for decades, but only in the last 15 years has the corrosive effect of these practices been fully appreciated. The authors contend that these practices are more than "questionable" and constitute unethical research practices according to the American Psychological Association's (2017) Ethical Principles of Psychologists and Code of Conduct.

Silicone wristbands for assessing personal chemical exposures: impacts of movement on chemical uptake rates.

Silicone wristbands are utilized as personal passive sampling devices for exposure assessments of semi-volatile organic compounds (SVOCs). While research demonstrates that accumulation of SVOCs on the wristbands correlates with internal dose for many different chemical classes, the mechanisms of accumulation remain poorly understood. Multiple factors such as movement of the individual lead to variable mass transfer conditions at the sampler interface.

Water insecurity is associated with greater food insecurity and lower dietary diversity: panel data from sub-Saharan Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic.

There is growing recognition that water insecurity - the inability to reliably access sufficient water for all household uses - is commonly experienced globally and has myriad adverse consequences for human well-being. The role of water insecurity in food insecurity and diet quality, however, has received minimal attention. Data are from panel surveys conducted during 2020-21 among adults involved in smallholder agriculture in Niger (n = 364, 3 rounds), Nigeria (n = 501, 5 rounds), Senegal (n = 501, 5 rounds), and Ghana (n = 543, 5 rounds).

Structural brain correlates of externalizing traits and symptoms in the IMAGEN sample.

The evidence supporting the presence of individual brain structure correlates of the externalizing spectrum (EXT) is sparse and mixed. To date, large-sample studies of brain-EXT relations have mainly found null to very small effects by focusing exclusively on either EXT-related personality traits (e.g.

Who, how, and when? New perspectives on longstanding issues in the study of externalizing psychopathology.

This special issue of aimed to provide methodologically robust research conducted across the globe that addressed a variety of questions related to externalizing psychopathology across the lifespan. Across all included articles are examples of sophisticated statistical approaches or innovative methods, including articles that evaluate the psychometrics of different structural models of externalizing psychopathology, test the invariance of indicators of externalizing problems over time or across different racial/ethnic groups, and leverage experience sampling methodologies. In what follows, we provide a brief overview of each of the eight articles included in this special issue.

Reactive and Proactive Aggression in Daily Life: An Exploratory Experience-Sampling Method Study.

Trait aggression is often separated into two functional dimensions: reactive and proactive tendencies. Reactive aggression is the tendency to engage in emotionally driven aggressive responses to perceived provocation, whereas proactive aggression is the tendency to engage in premeditated aggressive behaviors in the service of goal attainment. To date, the majority of empirical investigations examining these interrelated constructs have done so using cross-sectional data that have important limitations (e.

Examining the Structure of Personality Dysfunction Among Individuals Involved in Mental Health treatment: A Registered Report.

Personality dysfunction is a core element of the diagnosis of personality disorders in both main diagnostic systems ( [5th ed.] Personality Disorders and [, 11th Revision] Personality Disorders). A recent study by Sleep et al.

Validation and cross-sample consistency of Chinese Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) in community and offender samples.

Three-factor models of narcissism (Agentic, Neurotic, and Antagonistic Narcissism) have gained widespread recognition in the field. The Five-Factor Narcissism Inventory (FFNI) stands out as the most comprehensive and only tool to date that assesses all three narcissism domains. However, its validation in Chinese culture and forensic contexts remains largely unexplored.

On the Use and Misuses of Preregistration: A Reply to Klonsky (2024).

In his commentary, Klonsky outlines several arguments for why preregistration mandates (PRMs) will have a negative impact on the field. Klonsky's overarching concern is that when preregistration ceases to be a tool for research and becomes an indicator of quality itself (a primary example being preregistration badges), it loses its intended benefits. Separate from his concerns surrounding policies such as preregistration badges, Klonsky also critiques the practice of preregistration itself, arguing that it can impede our use of other valuable research tools (e.

Head-to-head comparisons of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, Section II and Section III personality disorder in predicting clinical outcomes.

In 2022, published a 10-year retrospective on the fifth edition (DSM-5), Section III, Alternative Model for PDs (AMPD; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). The articles of the 10-year retrospective provided evidence in support of the validity, reliability, and clinical utility of the AMPD. Specifically, it provided evidence in support of the unidimensional factor structure of the LPF and the five-dimensional structure of the pathological trait domains.

Self-reported anticipated harm from drinking water across 141 countries.

Perceptions of drinking water safety shape numerous health-related behaviors and attitudes, including water use and valuation, but they are not typically measured. We therefore characterize self-reported anticipated harm from drinking water in 141 countries using nationally representative survey data from the World Risk Poll (n = 148,585 individuals) and identify national- and individual-level predictors. We find that more than half (52.