Progress and Impact of a Radiology Residency Research Track over 12 Years.

Rationale And Objectives: Radiology is a dynamic and ever-evolving field, necessitating research and innovation. However, the conventional medical training model falls short in fostering research skills, crucial for cultivating the upcoming cohort of physician-scientists. Our radiology residency research track (RT) was instituted to offer a dedicated research pathway, to foster the next generation of research-focused academic radiologists.

The epidemiology and unmet need of migraine in five european countries: results from the national health and wellness survey.

Background: Despite the high global prevalence, burden, and direct and indicated costs, migraines are often under-diagnosed and undertreated. Understanding the prevalence of migraine and unmet needs is crucial for improving diagnosis and treatment across Europe (EU) countries; however, real-world studies are limited.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional survey utilized weighted patient-reported data from the 2020 National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS) in five EU (5EU) countries (France, Germany, United Kingdom [UK], Italy, and Spain).

Leveraging Large Language Models in Radiology Research: A Comprehensive User Guide.

Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT have been increasingly integrated into radiology research, revolutionizing the research landscape. The Radiology Research Alliance (RRA) of the Association for Academic Radiology (AAR) has convened a Task Force to develop this guide to help radiology researchers responsibly adopt LLM technologies. LLMs can improve various phases of the research process by helping to automate literature reviews, generate research questions, analyze complex datasets, and draft manuscripts.

The incremental burden and healthcare resource utilization among people with migraine in Europe: Insights from the 2020 European National Health and Wellness Survey.

Background: Despite the high prevalence of migraine in Europe, there is limited research on the burden among people with migraine.

Methods: This cross-sectional survey used patient-reported data from the 2020 European National Health and Wellness Survey in France, Germany, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom. The study assessed the sociodemographic characteristics, health-related quality of life, depression, work productivity and activity impairment, and healthcare resource utilization among matched samples of people with diagnosed migraine (n = 3985) and compared to a matched cohort without migraine (n = 7970).

Legalization of Smokable Medical Cannabis and Changes in the Dispensed Amount of Δ-9 Tetrahydrocannabinol Per Patient.

Florida's medical cannabis (marijuana) program is among the largest in the United States. Smokable cannabis forms were not legally available in this program until 2019, and five years after other forms of cannabis were available. This study assessed changes in Δ-9 tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) dispensed per patient following legalization of smokable cannabis in Florida.

End-of-Life Healthcare Utilization in Lewy Body Dementia.

Background: Lewy body dementia (LBD) is the second most common neurodegenerative dementia in the US, presenting unique end-of-life challenges.

Objective: This study examined healthcare utilization and care continuity in the last year of life in LBD.

Methods: Medicare claims for enrollees with LBD, continuously enrolled in the year preceding death, were examined from 2011-2018.

Role of RNA structural plasticity in modulating HIV-1 genome packaging and translation.

HIV-1 transcript function is controlled in part by twinned transcriptional start site usage, where 5' capped RNAs beginning with a single guanosine (1G) are preferentially packaged into progeny virions as genomic RNA (gRNA) whereas those beginning with three sequential guanosines (3G) are retained in cells as mRNAs. In 3G transcripts, one of the additional guanosines base pairs with a cytosine located within a conserved 5' polyA element, resulting in formation of an extended 5' polyA structure as opposed to the hairpin structure formed in 1G RNAs. To understand how this remodeling influences overall transcript function, we applied in vitro biophysical studies with in-cell genome packaging and competitive translation assays to native and 5' polyA mutant transcripts generated with promoters that differentially produce 1G or 3G RNAs.

ResearchConnect.info: An Interactive Web-Based Platform for Building Academic Collaborations.

Rationale And Objectives: Radiology is a rapidly evolving field that benefits from continuous innovation and research participation among trainees. Traditional methods for involving residents in research are often inefficient and limited, usually due to the absence of a standardized approach to identifying available research projects. A centralized online platform can enhance networking and offer equal opportunities for all residents.

Longitudinal Monitoring of Clinician-Patient Video Visits During the Peak of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Adoption and Sustained Challenges in an Integrated Health Care Delivery System.

Background: Numerous prior opinion papers, administrative electronic health record data studies, and cross-sectional surveys of telehealth during the pandemic have been published, but none have combined assessments of video visit success monitoring with longitudinal assessments of perceived challenges to the rapid adoption of video visits during the pandemic.

Objective: This study aims to quantify (1) the use of video visits (compared with in-person and telephone visits) over time during the pandemic, (2) video visit successful connection rates, and (3) changes in perceived video visit challenges.

Methods: A web-based survey was developed for the dual purpose of monitoring and improving video visit implementation in our health care system during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Associations Between Postdischarge Care and Cognitive Impairment-Related Hospital Readmissions for Ketoacidosis and Severe Hypoglycemia in Adults With Diabetes.

Objective: Patients with severe hypoglycemia (SH) or diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) experience high hospital readmission after being discharged. Cognitive impairment (CI) may further increase the risk, especially in those experiencing an interruption of medical care after discharge. This study examined the effect modification role of postdischarge care (PDC) on CI-associated readmission risk among U.

Incident mental health episodes after initiation of gabapentinoids vs. dopamine agonists for early-onset idiopathic restless legs syndrome.

Limited long-term safety information exists for gabapentinoid treatment of idiopathic restless legs syndrome (RLS). We estimated incident mental health-related emergency department visits and hospitalizations with a primary mental health diagnosis (primary outcome) among early-onset idiopathic RLS patients following first-line treatment initiation and examined outcome risk with gabapentinoids compared with dopamine agonists (DAs). A retrospective cohort study was conducted using administrative claims data from 2012 to 2019.

Adaptability of High Dimensional Propensity Score Procedure in the Transition from ICD-9 to ICD-10 in the US Healthcare System.

Background: High-Dimensional Propensity Score procedure (HDPS) is a data-driven approach to assist control for confounding in pharmacoepidemiologic research. The transition to the International Classification of Disease (ICD-9/10) in the US health system may pose uncertainty in applying the HDPS procedure.

Methods: We assembled a base cohort of patients in MarketScan Commercial Claims Database who had newly initiated celecoxib or traditional NSAIDs to compare gastrointestinal bleeding risk.

Protocol of a Combined Cohort and Cross-Sectional Study of Persons Receiving Medical Cannabis in Florida, USA: The Medical Marijuana and Me (M) Study.

Significant knowledge gaps regarding the effectiveness and safety of medical cannabis (MC) create clinical challenges for MC physicians, making treatment recommendations and patients choosing treatment among the growing number of options offered in dispensaries. Additionally, data describing the characteristics of people who use MC and the products and doses they receive are lacking. The Medical Marijuana and Me (M) Study was designed to collect patient-centered data from MC users.

Assessing the Clinical Treatment Dynamics of Antiplatelet Therapy Following Acute Coronary Syndrome and Percutaneous Coronary Intervention in the US.

Importance: A platelet ADP P2Y12 receptor (P2Y12) inhibitor plus aspirin is standard therapy for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Compared with clopidogrel, prasugrel and ticagrelor are associated with superior antiatherothrombotic effects but increased bleeding risk; with recent guideline updates, it is important to describe current treatment patterns and the role of bleeding risk in treatment choice.

Objective: To describe secular trends and determinants of initial P2Y12 inhibitor choice and switching, including deescalation (switch from prasugrel or ticagrelor to clopidogrel).

Comparison of Pimavanserin Versus Quetiapine for Hospitalization and Mortality Risk Among Medicare Beneficiaries with Parkinson's Disease Psychosis.

Background: Pimavanserin is currently the only antipsychotic approved for Parkinson's disease (PD) psychosis, yet its relative safety compared with treatment alternatives has not been thoroughly assessed.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare hospitalization and mortality risk in Medicare beneficiaries with PD receiving new prescriptions of pimavanserin or quetiapine for PD psychosis.

Methods: The study identified new users of pimavanserin and quetiapine from a 15% national sample of Medicare fee-for-service claims collected between May 1, 2016, and December 30, 2018.

Assessment of the Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) for Phentermine-Topiramate to Prevent Exposure During Pregnancy.

Background: The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved phentermine-topiramate for obesity in 2012 and required a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) to prevent prenatal exposure.

Comparative effectiveness of pegfilgrastim biosimilars vs originator for prevention of febrile neutropenia: A retrospective cohort study.

Real-world evidence on the comparative effectiveness of pegfilgrastim biosimilars compared with the originator product is limited. To compare the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) among users of pegfilgrastim biosimilars (pegfilgrastim-jmdb and pegfilgrastim-cbqv) and the originator product. A retrospective cohort study was conducted using 2019 IBM MarketScan databases to assess comparative effectiveness of pegfilgrastim originator and biosimilars for prevention of FN among patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy.

Anthropomorphic model rigid loading indenter with embedded sensor development for wheelchair cushion standard testing.

Develop an anthropomorphic model cushion rigid loading indenter with embedded sensors (AMCRLI-ES) to assess compression and shear forces at key locations such as trochanters and ischial tuberosities. The sensor design was optimized using finite element analysis. The AMCRLI-ES was designed with the same dimensions as specified in ISO 16840-2 tests.

Topiramate Utilization After Phentermine/Topiramate Approval for Obesity Management: Risk Minimization in the Era of Drug Repurposing.

Introduction: The US FDA required a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategy (REMS) for phentermine/topiramate, an anti-obesity medication, to prevent congenital malformations. No REMS is required for single-ingredient topiramate, which may be used off-label for the same purpose.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of phentermine/topiramate approval in 2012 on subsequent topiramate use among patients with obesity.