Evaluation of Change in Medication Regimen Complexity-ICU (MRC-ICU) Score Following Implementation of a Virtual Intensive Care Model in a Multisite, Rural Health-System.

Telehealth in the ICU (Tele-ICU) may improve patient outcomes and optimize utilization of high acuity intensive care unit (ICU) beds. However, the relationship between tele-ICU and medication regimen complexity-ICU (MRC-ICU) score is unexplored. To assess the effect of tele-ICU on MRC-ICU score and describe pharmacists' work.

Characterization of Mutational Signatures in Tumors from a Large Chinese Population.

Unlabelled: The majority of mutational signatures have been characterized in tumors from American and European countries, and the degree to which mutational signatures are similar to or different from those in Chinese populations has not been fully explored. We leveraged a large-scale clinical sequencing cohort of tumors from the Chinese population developed by OrigiMed (OM). A total of 2,115 tumors from 25 major tumor types that had at least 10 single-base substitutions (SBS) were used for mutational signature analysis.

An atlas of gene programs in non-small cell lung cancer delineates novel patterns of lineage vacillation, plasticity, and aggressiveness.

Unlabelled: Combinations of molecular programs can be altered in cancer cells and contribute to tumor initiation and aggressiveness. We developed a novel framework called a Gene Program Association Study (GPAS) to create an atlas of gene co-expression modules in cancer cells from 127 primary non-small-cell-lung cancers (NSCLCs) and determine their association with clinical and histopathological features. Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) displayed "lineage vacillation" defined by extensive heterogeneity of modules from different alveolar cell types.

Sub-phenotypes of pneumonia defined by pulmonary histopathological features.

Establishing sub-phenotypes of pneumonia based on distinct host processes will be a step towards using host-directed therapies (to complement microbe-directed therapies) more rationally and precisely. Although pneumonia is a pulmonary pathophysiology, histological changes within the lungs have not been leveraged for sub-phenotyping. We addressed this by scoring 18 histopathology features (e.

Transcriptional and functional profiles of muscarinic receptor-expressing neurons in primate lateral prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortices.

Acetylcholine modulates anterior cingulate (ACC) and lateral prefrontal (LPFC) cortices for cognitive-motivational integration, via specific m1-m4 muscarinic receptors (mAChR) encoded by genes. Single-nucleus RNA sequencing and mRNA-protein histology in macaques revealed to be the most enriched mAChR gene in neurons, while m1 predominates at the protein level, likely due to nuclear retention of and cytoplasmic trafficking of and showed strong co-expression and functional overlap, and were transcriptomically-distinct from which was uniquely enriched in deep layer excitatory and + inhibitory neurons. Although + cell distributions were similar between areas, + excitatory neurons in ACC exhibited upregulation of synaptic plasticity genes relative to LPFC.

Reclaimed oil pads harbor higher Carabidae (Coleoptera) abundances and species richness-but fall short of reestablishing the native prairie community.

In grassland ecosystems, oil and gas production areas require vegetation reclamations once extractions are completed. These reclamations take years to accomplish and may appear similar to the surrounding undeveloped grasslands. To test whether reclaimed oil/gas pads successfully recover ecological communities, we collected and utilized carabid beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae) as bioindicators of reclamation success.

Bilobed Left Atrial Appendage Closure Using Two Different Types of Occlusion Devices.

•This case provides a unique approach for left atrial appendage occlusion using a Watchman and Amulet device.•Our technique for left atrial appendage occlusion shows the safety of utilizing a staged closure when necessary.•Complex left atrial appendage is being more frequently encountered, so novel solutions are needed.

Solidly Mounted Scandium Aluminum Nitride on Acoustic Bragg Reflector Platforms at 14-20 GHz.

This article reports the first groups of low-loss acoustic solidly mounted resonators (SMRs) and acoustic delay lines (ADLs) at 14-20 GHz. Bulk acoustic waves (BAWs) are confined in thin-film scandium aluminum nitride (ScAlN) on top of dielectric acoustic Bragg reflectors, consisting of alternating silicon dioxide with tantalum pentoxide (Ta2O5/SiO ${}_{{2}}\text {)}$ or niobium pentoxide (Nb2O5/SiO ${}_{{2}}$ ) on Si carrier wafers. Stack material parameters are extracted via high-resolution X-ray diffraction (HRXRD) and X-ray reflectivity (XRR).

52-GHz Surface Acoustic Wave Resonators in Thin-Film Lithium Niobate on Silicon Carbide.

This article reports a surface acoustic wave (SAW) resonator at 52 GHz with a high quality factor (Q) of 188 and a high phase velocity of 12.2 km/s, marking the first millimeter-wave (mmWave) SAW devices with high Q. Transferred 300-nm 128Y lithium niobate (LN) thin film on 4H silicon carbide (SiC) substrate is used for the acoustic platform.

Transcriptomic responses of lung mesenchymal cells during pneumonia.

The role of mesenchymal cells during respiratory infection is not well defined, including whether, which, and how the different types of mesenchymal cells respond. We collected all mesenchymal cells from lung single-cell suspensions of mice that were naive (after receiving only saline vehicle), pneumonic (after intratracheal instillation of pneumococcus 24 hours previously), or resolved from infection (after nonlethal pneumococcal infections 6 weeks previously) and performed single-cell RNA sequencing. Cells clustered into 5 well-separated groups based on their transcriptomes: matrix fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, pericytes, smooth muscle cells, and mesothelial cells.

Multi-modal comparison of molecular programs driving nurse cell death and clearance in Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis.

The death and clearance of nurse cells is a consequential milestone in Drosophila melanogaster oogenesis. In preparation for oviposition, the germline-derived nurse cells bequeath to the developing oocyte all their cytoplasmic contents and undergo programmed cell death. The death of the nurse cells is controlled non-autonomously and is precipitated by epithelial follicle cells of somatic origin acquiring a squamous morphology and acidifying the nurse cells externally.

Avenues towards reconciling wild and managed bee proponents.

Bees are crucial for food security and biodiversity. However, managed bees are increasingly considered drivers of wild bee declines, leading to stakeholder conflicts and restrictive policies. We propose avenues to reconcile wild and managed bee proponents and point out knowledge gaps that hinder the development of evidence-based policies.

Increased revision rates in shoulder arthroplasty following shoulder arthroscopy.

Introduction: Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) and reverse TSA (rTSA) are successful treatments for end-stage shoulder arthritis. However, it is unknown whether prior arthroscopy is associated with an increased risk for revision surgery. This study investigates if undergoing a shoulder arthroscopy in the year prior to primary arthroplasty increases risk of revision surgery within 2 years.

Integrated vegetation management within electrical transmission landscapes promotes floral resource and flower-visiting insect diversity.

Electrical transmission rights-of-way are ubiquitous and critical infrastructure across the landscape. Active vegetation management of these rights-of-way, a necessity to deliver electricity more safely, maintains these landscape features as stages of early successional habitat, a rarity in many regions, making these areas viable movement corridors for many taxa. The goals of this study were to (i) evaluate the effects of different electrical transmission landscape management practices on flowering plant and flower-visiting insect diversity parameters and (ii) generate conservation management inferences for these landscapes.

MAMS: matrix and analysis metadata standards to facilitate harmonization and reproducibility of single-cell data.

Many datasets are being produced by consortia that seek to characterize healthy and disease tissues at single-cell resolution. While biospecimen and experimental information is often captured, detailed metadata standards related to data matrices and analysis workflows are currently lacking. To address this, we develop the matrix and analysis metadata standards (MAMS) to serve as a resource for data centers, repositories, and tool developers.

The LTAR Grazing Land Common Experiment at Northern Plains.

The USDA Long-Term Agroecosystem Research (LTAR) network aims to enhance sustainable agricultural management practices through a coordinated, cross-site common experiment involving 18 locations across the United States. The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the LTAR Grazing Land Common Experiment at the Northern Plains (NP) site, where an experiment was initiated in 2019 to answer producers' and researchers' questions about whether the tactical application of fire or grazing can reduce the dominance of invasive Kentucky bluegrass in northern Great Plains ecosystems. As part of the LTAR common experiment, we contrast a prevailing practice (season-long grazing at moderate stocking rate) with four alternative practices at a half-hectare plot scale: (1) mob grazing by cattle, (2) multi-species grazing (mob grazing by cattle, with goats foraging at key times of the year), (3) prescribed fire, and (4) prescribed fire followed by cattle grazing.

PGC-1α agonism induces fetal hemoglobin and exerts antisickling effects in sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease is a growing health burden afflicting millions around the world. Clinical observation and laboratory studies have shown that the severity of sickle cell disease is ameliorated in individuals who have elevated levels of fetal hemoglobin. Additional pharmacologic agents to induce sufficient fetal hemoglobin to diminish clinical severity is an unmet medical need.

Repetitive head impacts induce neuronal loss and neuroinflammation in young athletes.

Repetitive head impacts (RHI) sustained from contact sports are the largest risk factor for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). Currently, CTE can only be diagnosed after death and the multicellular cascade of events that trigger initial hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) deposition remain unclear. Further, the symptoms endorsed by young individuals with early disease are not fully explained by the extent of p-tau deposition, severely hampering development of therapeutic interventions.

Lipid Peroxidation and Type I Interferon Coupling Fuels Pathogenic Macrophage Activation Causing Tuberculosis Susceptibility.

A quarter of human population is infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but less than 10% of those infected develop pulmonary TB. We developed a genetically defined sst1-susceptible mouse model that uniquely reproduces a defining feature of human TB: the development of necrotic lung granulomas and determined that the sst1-susceptible phenotype was driven by the aberrant macrophage activation. This study demonstrates that the aberrant response of the sst1-susceptible macrophages to prolonged stimulation with TNF is primarily driven by conflicting Myc and antioxidant response pathways leading to a coordinated failure 1) to properly sequester intracellular iron and 2) to activate ferroptosis inhibitor enzymes.

Endothelial Regulates Expression of Pulmonary Lymphatic Junctional and Inflammation Genes in Mouse Lungs Impacting Lymphatic Transport.

The ETS transcription factor ERG is a master regulator of endothelial gene specificity and highly enriched in the capillary, vein, and arterial endothelial cells. ERG expression is critical for endothelial barrier function, permeability, and vascular inflammation. A dysfunctional vascular endothelial ERG has been shown to impair lung capillary homeostasis, contributing to pulmonary fibrosis as previously observed in IPF lungs.

Characterization and decontamination of background noise in droplet-based single-cell protein expression data with DecontPro.

Assays such as CITE-seq can measure the abundance of cell surface proteins on individual cells using antibody derived tags (ADTs). However, many ADTs have high levels of background noise that can obfuscate down-stream analyses. In an exploratory analysis of PBMC datasets, we find that some droplets that were originally called 'empty' due to low levels of RNA contained high levels of ADTs and likely corresponded to neutrophils.

Characterization of highly active mutational signatures in tumors from a large Chinese population.

The majority of mutational signatures have been characterized in tumors from Western countries and the degree to which mutational signatures are similar or different in Eastern populations has not been fully explored. We leveraged a large-scale clinical sequencing cohort of tumors from a Chinese population containing 25 tumor types and found that the highly active mutational signatures were similar to those previously characterized. The aristolochic acid signature SBS22 was observed in four soft tissue sarcomas and the POLE-associated signature SBS10 was observed in a gallbladder carcinoma.

Bulk brain tissue cell-type deconvolution with bias correction for single-nuclei RNA sequencing data using DeTREM.

Background: Quantifying cell-type abundance in bulk tissue RNA-sequencing enables researchers to better understand complex systems. Newer deconvolution methodologies, such as MuSiC, use cell-type signatures derived from single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) data to make these calculations. Single-nuclei RNA-sequencing (snRNA-seq) reference data can be used instead of scRNA-seq data for tissues such as human brain where single-cell data are difficult to obtain, but accuracy suffers due to sequencing differences between the technologies.