Unravelling the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease multiplex families with rare and common variant polygenic risk scores.

Background And Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) often affects multiple relatives, pointing towards shared genetic and/or environmental factors. This study evaluates the importance of known IBD risk variants, and of genetic determinants of smoking in such multiplex families.

Methods: We studied 65 IBD multiplex families, comprising 146 Crohn's disease [CD], 33 ulcerative colitis [UC], and 111 unaffected relatives.

Effect of five dietary emulsifiers on inflammation, permeability, and the gut microbiome: a placebo-controlled randomized trial.

Background And Aims: Dietary emulsifier consumption might promote intestinal inflammation, eventually leading to inflammatory bowel diseases. However human data are scarce and involve a limited number of emulsifiers. We studied the effects of an emulsifier-free diet (EFD) and specific emulsifier supplementation.

Assessment of PredictSURE IBD Assay in a Multinational Cohort of Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background And Aims: PredictSURE IBD is a prognostic blood test that classifies newly diagnosed, treatment-naïve Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) patients into 'IBDhi' (high-risk) or 'IBDlo' (low-risk) groups (risk of future aggressive disease). We evaluated this assay in a multinational cohort and explored the effect of concomitant corticosteroids on its discrimination.

Methods: One hundred thirty-six (71 Ulcerative colitis [UC], 65 Crohn's Disease [CD]) and 41 (15 UC, 26 CD) patients with active IBD were 'unexposed' and 'exposed', respectively, to corticosteroids at baseline blood sampling.

Dietary convergence induces individual responses in faecal microbiome composition.

Background: Dietary variation has been identified as a key contributor to microbiome diversification. However, assessing its true impact in a cross-sectional setting is complicated by biological confounders and methodological hurdles. We aimed to estimate the impact of a reduction of dietary variation (dietary convergence) on faecal microbiota composition among individuals consuming a Western-type diet.

Safety and efficacy of the anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody tulisokibart for Crohn's disease: a phase 2a induction trial.

Background: TNF-like cytokine 1A (TL1A) is a key mediator of inflammation and fibrosis. The efficacy and safety of the anti-TL1A monoclonal antibody tulisokibart as induction treatment was assessed in adults with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease with a history of insufficient response, loss of response, or intolerance to conventional or approved biological therapies.

Methods: In the phase 2a, multicentre, open-label APOLLO-CD study, participants aged 18 years or older with moderately to severely active Crohn's disease, as defined by a Crohn's Disease Activity Index (CDAI) of 220-450 and a Simple Endoscopy Score for Crohn's Disease (SES-CD) of at least 6 for ileocolonic or colonic disease or at least 4 for isolated ileal disease, received intravenous tulisokibart (1000 mg on day 1 and 500 mg at weeks 2, 6, and 10).

Virome drift in ulcerative colitis patients: faecal microbiota transplantation results in minimal phage engraftment dominated by microviruses.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by recurrent colonic inflammation. Standard treatments focus on controlling inflammation but remain ineffective for one-third of patients. This underscores the need for alternative approaches, such as fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), which transfers healthy donor microbiota to patients.

Personalized Dietary Approaches to Optimizing Intestinal Microbial Health and Homeostasis.

Diet has a profound impact in human health, which is partly driven by changes in the intestinal microbiota. Several associations between dietary intake and the intestinal microbiota composition and function have been described. Namely, the Mediterranean diet is associated with beneficial bacteria, while the intake of ultraprocessed foods is linked to dysbiosis.

The Development of a Multidisciplinary Care Pathway for Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Before, During and After Pregnancy.

: Recent advancements have significantly enhanced our understanding of the interplay between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and reproductive health. While international organizations provide guidelines for best practices, translating them into actionable strategies is crucial. This study aimed to develop a comprehensive care pathway to enhance preconception counselling and support for patients with IBD in the perinatal period, ensuring they receive optimal expert care.

Cooking methods affect advanced glycation end products and lipid profiles: A randomized cross-over study in healthy subjects.

Thermal treatments used in ultra-processed foods (UPFs) lead to advanced glycation end products (AGEs). UPFs and serum AGEs are associated with cardiometabolic disease. We explore differential cooking methods as a mechanistic link between UPFs and detrimental health outcomes through a randomized cross-over cooking method trial in healthy subjects using identical ingredients and a deep profiling analysis.

Drug tissue concentration and STAT3 modulation as determinants of tofacitinib response in ulcerative colitis.

Introduction: Inflammatory bowel disease management has advanced with therapies like Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKi). Despite their promise, JAKi pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) profiles and tissue-level effects remain underexplored. This study investigates tissue and serum tofacitinib levels, their correlation with therapeutic efficacy, and molecular mechanisms underlying treatment response.

Serum extracellular RNAs as a noninvasive approach to differentiate inflammatory bowel disease subtypes: a proof-of-concept study.

Background And Aims: Extracellular RNAs (exRNAs), including in serum, show potential as noninvasive biomarkers. However, their (patho)physiological role is still not fully understood. In this study, we characterized serum exRNAs in patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and evaluated their ability to differentiate ulcerative colitis (UC) from Crohn's disease (CD).

Real-time automated assessment of histological disease activity in patients with ulcerative colitis using single-wavelength endoscopy technology.

Single-wavelength endoscopy (SWE) has shown promising results in assessing histological disease activity in ulcerative colitis. Our objective was to validate the real-time performance of a bedside prototype of SWE computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) as proof of concept.A bedside module for real-time use evaluated histological disease activity when endoscopy was performed in the rectum and sigmoid based on white-light endoscopy and SWE (410 nm monochromatic light).

No Increased Risk of Venous Thromboembolism or Infectious Complications after Janus Kinase Inhibitor Exposure in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Undergoing Surgery.

Introduction: Total colectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC) is associated with postoperative morbidity, including venous thromboembolic events (VTE). In light of recent concerns about increased major adverse events associated with Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor exposure, we aimed to evaluate the postoperative VTE risk as well as other complications in UC patients undergoing colectomy.

Methods: This single-center retrospective cohort study included all UC patients who underwent (procto)colectomy between 2013 and March 2022 and documented the 180-day postoperative non-infectious and infectious complications.

Performance measures for small-bowel endoscopy: a European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE) Quality Improvement Initiative - Update 2025.

Quality markers and patient experience are being implemented to ensure standardization of practice across gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy procedures. The set benchmarks ensure high quality procedures are delivered and linked to measurable outcomes.There has been an increase in the demand for small-bowel endoscopy.

Radiation exposure in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background And Aims: Radiological imaging is crucial for diagnosing and monitoring patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). With increasing awareness of radiation risks, imaging doses should be "as low as reasonably achievable," with a risk level that one should try to stay underneath 75 mSv. However, real-world data on cumulative exposure are limited.

Dietary Carrageenan Amplifies the Inflammatory Profile, but not Permeability, of Intestinal Epithelial Cells from Patients With Crohn's Disease.

Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods has increased significantly worldwide and is associated with the rise in inflammatory bowel diseases. However, any causative factors and their underlying mechanisms are yet to be identified. This study aimed to further elucidate whether different types of the dietary emulsifier carrageenan (CGN) can alter the permeability and inflammatory state of the intestinal epithelium.

Evolution of Eligibility Criteria in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinical Trials: A Clinical Trial Databank Analysis.

Background: Eligibility criteria in clinical trials have been criticised for being overly restrictive without clinical justification.

Objective: We aimed to investigate the types, evolution, and current status of eligibility criteria in clinical trials for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD).

Methods: We performed a clinical trial databank search on clinicaltrials.

Development of an Automated Tool for the Estimation of Histological Remission in Ulcerative Colitis Using Single-Wavelength Endoscopy Technology.

Background And Aims: Ulcerative colitis (UC) management employs a strategy targeting histological and endoscopic remission. Correlation of white light endoscopy (WLE) scores with histological activity is limited. Single-wavelength endoscopy (SWE), addressing microvascular changes reflecting histological disease activity, may better assess histological remission.

Chronic rose oxide and exercise synergistically modulate cardiovascular and autonomic functions in hypertensive rats.

With the alarming rise in cases of arterial hypertension worldwide, there is an urgent need to develop combined therapies to mitigate this scenario. Rose oxide (RO), a monoterpene with anti-inflammatory and hypotensive properties, emerges as an alternative. The present study is the first to evaluate the effect of RO administered chronically and combined with physical exercise (swimming) since both have been reported to have beneficial impacts on hypertension.

Calibration, Clinical Utility, and Specificity of Clinical Decision Support Tools in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Background & Aims: Clinical decision support tools (CDSTs) have been developed to predict response to vedolizumab (VDZ) and ustekinumab (UST) in Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). In addition to assessing their discrimination performance, our study aimed to evaluate their calibration, clinical utility, and specificity.

Methods: We included 280 patients with CD and 218 patients with UC initiating VDZ, and 194 patients with CD initiating UST.

Did We Overreact? Insights on COVID-19 Disease and Vaccination in a Large Cohort of Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Disease Patients during Sequential Phases of the Pandemic (The BELCOMID Study).

Introduction: As the COVID-19 pandemic becomes an endemic state, still many questions remain regarding the risks and impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccination in patients with immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) who were excluded from the phase 3 COVID-19 vaccination trials.

Methods: The BELCOMID study collected patient data and serological samples from a large, multicentric IMID patient cohort that was prospectively followed during sequential stages of the pandemic. Patients were stratified according to vaccination status into five groups across three sampling periods.

Patient preferences for inflammatory bowel disease treatments: protocol development of a global preference survey using a discrete choice experiment.

Background: As the therapeutic landscape for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to expand, a need exists to understand how patients perceive and value different attributes associated with their disease as well as with current and emerging treatments. These insights can inform the development and regulation of effective interventions for IBD, benefiting various stakeholders including healthcare professionals, drug developers, regulators, Health Technology Assessment bodies, payers, and ultimately patients suffering from IBD. In response to this, the present patient preference study was developed with the aim to (1) determine the relative preference weights for IBD treatment and disease related attributes, and (2) explain how preferences may differ across patients with different characteristics (preference heterogeneity).

Preoperative optimization: Review on nutritional assessment and strategies in IBD.

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), encompassing conditions like Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, present multifaceted challenges requiring a comprehensive management approach. Patients often necessitate a combination of medical therapy, surgical interventions, and nutritional support. Despite advancements in medical and dietary therapies, the prevalence of surgery remains high among the IBD population, alongside the persistent risk of malnutrition.