Synthesis of iron nanoparticles using iron recovered from rust: An application for the catalytic degradation of phenols.

Iron nanoparticles are reported to be synthesised by green route to reduce adverse environmental impacts as well as to reduce the synthesis cost. The present study explores a secondary source of iron, i.e.

Reutilization of carbon of waste filter cartridge after its surface modification for the fluoride removal from water by continuous flow process.

In the present study, the waste carbon cartridge of the water filter was modified and reutilized for defluoridation of water. The modified carbon was characterized by particle size analysis (PSA), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), zeta potential, pH, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray crystallography (XRD). The adsorptive nature of modified carbon was investigated with pH (4-10), dose (1-5 g/L), contact time (0-180 min), temperature (25-55 °C), fluoride concentration (5-20 mg/L), and the effect of the competitive ions.

Synthesis of nZnO from waste batteries by hydrometallurgical method for photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants under visible light irradiation.

Waste zinc carbon (Zn-C) batteries are generated worldwide in a large amount. They are non-rechargeable and costly to recycle. Therefore, they end up in the landfills where they create hazards for humans and for environment as well.

Photocatalytic Degradation of Orange G Dye by Using Bismuth Molybdate: Photocatalysis Optimization and Modeling via Definitive Screening Designs.

In the current study, Bismuth molybdate was synthesized using simple co-precipitation procedure, and their characterization was carried out by various methods such as FT-IR, SEM, and P-XRD. Furthermore, the photocatalytic degradation of Orange G (ORG) dye using synthesized catalyst under visible light irradiation was studied. Response surface Method was used for the optimization of process variables and degradation kinetics evaluated by modeling of experimental data.

Adsorption of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solution by magnetic biosorbents derived from chemical carbonization of pea peel waste biomass: Isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic and breakthrough curve modeling studies.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the adsorption of arsenic (As) from aqueous solutions using MPAC-500 and MPAC-600 (magnetic-activated carbons synthesized from the peel of Pisum sativum (pea) pyrolyzed at 500 C and 600 C temperatures, respectively). The potential of both biosorbents for As adsorption was determined in batch and column mode. The characterization of both biosorbents was performed by energy dispersive spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope, pH, particle size distribution, X-ray diffraction, zeta potential and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy.

Performance of a novel iron infused biochar developed from and refuse for trivalent and pentavalent arsenic adsorption from an aqueous solution: mechanism, isotherm and kinetics study.

Fabrication of magnetic biochar was done by pyrolysis of waste leaves of (MRB) and (MJB) peel pretreated with FeCl was examined for As(III and V) adsorption from an aqueous solution. The synthesized bioadsorbents were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), particle size analysis (PSA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive x-ray (EDX), zeta potential, Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and point of zero charge (pH). MRB-800 exhibits greater efficiency toward the removal of both As species with q value 2.

Removal of arsenic from aqueous solution by novel iron and iron-zirconium modified activated carbon derived from chemical carbonization of Tectona grandis sawdust: Isotherm, kinetic, thermodynamic and breakthrough curve modelling.

The aim of the present study was: development of activated carbon modified with iron (Fe@AC) and modified with iron and zirconium (Fe-Zr@AC) from the Tectona grandis sawdust (TGS) waste biomass and its potential applicability for the removal of As (III) from contaminated water by batch and column mode. The biomass waste was pre-treated with ferric chloride (FeCl) and the mixture of FeCl and zirconium oxide (ZrO) and then pyrolyzed at 500 °C for 2 h. The properties of both bioadsorbents were comprehensively characterized by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Particle Size analysis (PSA), point of zero charge (pH), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) to prove successful impregnation of the Fe and Zr on the surface of AC of TGS.

Development of adsorbent from Mentha plant ash and its application in fluoride adsorption from aqueous solution: a mechanism, isotherm, thermodynamic, and kinetics studies.

In the present study, Mentha plant ash was modified by Na and Al for the synthesis of adsorbent and applied for the removal of Fluoride from an aqueous solution. Mixture of acid washed Mentha plant ash (MPA) and NaOH (in the ratio 1:1.3) thermally treated at 600°C in a muffle furnace then treated with aqueous solution of sodium aluminate.

Bacterial degradation of distillery wastewater pollutants and their metabolites characterization and its toxicity evaluation by using Caenorhabditis elegans as terrestrial test models.

Distillery wastewater has significant amount of coloring compounds and organic substances even after the secondary treatment process, which poses many severe environmental and health threats. However, the recalcitrant coloured compounds have not yet been clearly identified. In this study, two bacterial strains DS3 and DS5 capable to decolorize distillery wastewater (DWW) pollutants were isolated and characterized as Staphylococcus saprophyticus (MF182113) and Alcaligenaceae sp.

As(III) and As(V) removal by using iron impregnated biosorbents derived from waste biomass of Citrus limmeta (peel and pulp) from the aqueous solution and ground water.

Now a day's biosorbents with magnetic properties have been applied for water and wastewater treatment process, because of its magnetic nature it can be easily separated and can be reused more than one time. In the present study, two magnetic biosorbents were synthesized from waste biomass of Citrus limetta (peel and pulp) at 500 °C temperature represented as PAC-500 and PPAC-500. These biosorbents were effectively used for the removal of As(III) and As(V) from an aqueous solution and groundwater samples.

Synthesis of novel biochar from waste plant litter biomass for the removal of Arsenic (III and V) from aqueous solution: A mechanism characterization, kinetics and thermodynamics.

The present study is focusing on utilization of a new feedstock material for the preparation of biochar. The dry waste leaves litter of Tectona and Lagerstroemia speciosa was used for synthesizing the biochar at 800 °C for 1 h in muffle furnace represents as TB 800 and LB 800 and then used for the removal of As(III) and As(V) from aqueous solution. The prepared biochar materials had a crystalline structure and was characterized by using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Brunaur emmit teller (BET), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Zeta potential, particle size and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS).

Corn husk derived magnetized activated carbon for the removal of phenol and para-nitrophenol from aqueous solution: Interaction mechanism, insights on adsorbent characteristics, and isothermal, kinetic and thermodynamic properties.

In this study, waste corn husk was used for the synthesis of an effective adsorbent (cornhusk activated carbon, CHAC) and by treating at two different temperatures, 250 °C (CHAC-250) and 500 °C (CHAC-500) to check adsorption efficiency. The synthesized adsorbents were characterized with the help of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Particle size analysis and x-ray diffraction (XRD), which revealed the different properties of the two adsorbents. The synthesized adsorbents were applied for the removal of phenol and p-nitrophenol (PNP) from aqueous solution.

Adsorptive Removal of Fluoride from Aqueous Solution by Biogenic Iron Permeated Activated Carbon Derived from Sweet Lime Waste.

In this study, biogenic activated carbon were successfully synthesized from Citrus limetta pulp residue, and applied to remove fluoride from an aqueous solution. For the synthesis activated carbon of biosorbents, raw materials were heated in muffle furnace at two different temperatures i.e.

Adsorptive Removal of Selected Anionic and Cationic Dyes by Using Graphitic Carbon Material Prepared from Edible Sugar: A Study of Kinetics and Isotherms.

Graphitic carbon-like material (GCM) derived from edible sugar under a nitrogen environment was applied as an adsorbent for the removal of anionic and cationic dyes (methyl orange, MO) and methylene blue (MB) from wastewater. The physico-chemical characterization of GCM was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The plate-like morphology with an average size of 50-100 nm was measured from the SEM images.

Rapid degradation of phenol by ultrasound-dispersed nano-metallic particles (NMPs) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide: A possible mechanism for phenol degradation in water.

The present study was carried out to investigate the degradation of phenol by ultrasonically dispersed nano-metallic particles (NMPs) in an aqueous solution of phenol. Leaching liquor from automobile shredder residue (ASR) was used to obtain the NMPs. The prepared NMPs were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and by X-ray diffraction (XRD).

Influence of nano-TiO2 particles on the bioaccumulation of Cd in soybean plants (Glycine max): A possible mechanism for the removal of Cd from the contaminated soil.

Phytoremediation is a highly efficient technique for the elimination of trace elements from contaminated soils through the shoots and roots of plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of nano-titanium dioxide (TiO2) on Cd uptake by soybean plants. The objective of the present research was to examine the potential to improve the phytoextraction of Cd by the application of nano-TiO2 particles.

Recovery of precious metals from low-grade automobile shredder residue: A novel approach for the recovery of nanozero-valent copper particles.

The presence of precious metals (PMs) in low-grade automobile shredder residue (ASR) makes it attractive for recycling. This study investigated the leaching and recovery characteristics of two PMs (Cu and Ag) and two heavy metals (Mn and Co) from ASR. The effects of H2O2, leaching temperature, liquid to solid (L/S) ratio, and particle size on metal leaching were determined in an aqueous solution of 0.

Quantitative analysis and reduction of the eco-toxicity risk of heavy metals for the fine fraction of automobile shredder residue (ASR) using H2O2.

Automobile shredder residue (ASR) fraction (size <0.25mm) can be considered as hazardous due to presence of high concentrations of heavy metals. Hydrogen peroxide combined with nitric acid has been used for the recovery of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd and Cr) from the fine fraction of ASR.

Hydrometallurgical recovery of heavy metals from low grade automobile shredder residue (ASR): An application of advanced Fenton process (AFP).

To investigate the leaching and recovery of heavy metals from low-grade automobile shredder residue (ASR), the effects of nitric acid (HNO3) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentrations, liquid/solid (L/S) ratio, leaching temperature and ASR particle size fractions on the heavy metal leaching rate were determined. The heavy metals were recovered by fractional precipitation and advanced Fenton process (AFP) at different pHs. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) test was also performed in the residue remaining after heavy metal leaching to evaluate the potential toxicity of ASR.

Pollution control and metal resource recovery for low grade automobile shredder residue: a mechanism, bioavailability and risk assessment.

Automobile shredder residue (ASR) is considered as hazardous waste in Japan and European countries due to presence of heavy metals. This study was carried on the extraction characteristics of heavy metals (Mn, Fe, Ni, and Cr) from automobile shredder residue (ASR). The effects of pH, temperature, particle size, and liquid/solid ratio (L/S) on the extraction of heavy metals were investigated.

Reduction of bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals during vermicomposting of water hyacinth.

Vermicomposting of water hyacinth is a good alternative for the treatment of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) and subsequentially, beneficial for agriculture purposes. The bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Ni, Pb, Cd, and Cr) were evaluated during vermicomposting of E. crassipes employing Eisenia fetida earthworm.

Effects of lime on bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals during agitated pile composting of water hyacinth.

In the present study composting of water hyacinth was done with cattle manure and saw dust (6:3:1) ratio and effects of addition of lime (1%, 2% and 3%) on heavy metal bioavailability and leachability was evaluated during 30 days of composting period. The changes in temperature, pH, electrical conductivity (EC), organic matter and extractable heavy metal contents were measured. Results showed that the total concentration of heavy metals was increased during the composting process.

Concentration and speciation of heavy metals during water hyacinth composting.

The Tessier sequential extraction method was employed to investigate the changes in heavy metals speciation (Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, Cd and Cr) during water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) composting. Results showed that, the contents of total metals concentration were increased during the composting process. The largest proportion of metals was found in the residual fraction which was in more stable form and is consequently considered unavailable for plant uptake.

Antidiabetic activity of Terminalia catappa Linn fruits.

In view of alleged antidiabetic potential, effect of the petroleum ether, methanol, and aqueous extracts of Terminalia catappa Linn (combretaceae) fruit, on fasting blood sugar levels and serum biochemical analysis in alloxan-induced diabetic rats were investigated. All the three extracts of Terminalia catappa produced a significant antidiabetic activity at dose levels 1/5 of their lethal doses. Concurrent histological studies of the pancreas of these animals showed comparable regeneration by methanolic and aqueous extracts which were earlier, necrosed by alloxan.