Machine learning approach for carbon disclosure in the Korean market: The role of environmental performance.

Over the past few decades, scholars have employed a wide range of methodologies to determine the factors influencing firms' voluntary carbon disclosure. Most of these studies have been conducted in advanced markets. This article aims to examine the trend of voluntary carbon disclosure in the Korean financial market by utilizing machine learning models such as Random Forest and Gradient Boosted Decision Tree.

Firm-Value Effects of Carbon Emissions and Carbon Disclosures-Evidence from Korea.

We examine the association between carbon emissions, carbon disclosures, and firm value for Korean firms, with a particular interest in , a special type of Korean conglomerate. Using hand-collected carbon emissions and firm-specific data for 841 Korean firms, including 514 and 335 non-, we find a significantly positive relationship between carbon emissions and firm value among This result contrasts with previous findings conducted in advanced markets, where investors consider carbon emissions to be destructive. In terms of the voluntary disclosure policy, we find that companies with good environmental performance tend to disclose carbon emissions voluntarily.

Different Neuronal Activity Patterns Induce Different Gene Expression Programs.

A vast number of different neuronal activity patterns could each induce a different set of activity-regulated genes. Mapping this coupling between activity pattern and gene induction would allow inference of a neuron's activity-pattern history from its gene expression and improve our understanding of activity-pattern-dependent synaptic plasticity. In genome-scale experiments comparing brief and sustained activity patterns, we reveal that activity-duration history can be inferred from gene expression profiles.

Creating protective appliances for preventing dental injury during endotracheal intubation using intraoral scanning and 3D printing: a technical note.

Digital dentistry has influenced many dental procedures, such as three-dimensional (3D) diagnosis and treatment planning, surgical splints, and prosthetic treatments. Patient-specific protective appliances (PSPAs) prevent dental injury during endotracheal intubation. However, the required laboratory work takes time, and there is the possibility of tooth extraction while obtaining the dental impression.

Effect of zirconia surface treatment using nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid on the shear bond strengths of resin cements.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the surface roughness of zirconia when using Zircos E etching system (ZSAT), applying a nitric acid-hydrofluoric acid compound as a pretreatment agent, and also to compare the shear bonding strength according to different resin cements.

Materials And Methods: ZSAT, air abrasion, and tribochemical silicacoating were applied on prepared 120 zirconia specimens (10 mm in diameter, 7 mm in height) using CAD/CAM. Each 12 specimens with 4 different resin cements (Panavia F 2.

Brain-wide maps of expression during fear learning and recall.

induction during learning labels neuronal ensembles in the hippocampus that encode a specific physical environment, revealing a memory trace. In the cortex and other regions, the extent to which induction during learning reveals specific sensory representations is unknown. Here we generate high-quality brain-wide maps of mRNA expression during auditory fear conditioning and recall in the setting of the home cage.

RNA sequencing from neural ensembles activated during fear conditioning in the mouse temporal association cortex.

The stable formation of remote fear memories is thought to require neuronal gene induction in cortical ensembles that are activated during learning. However, the set of genes expressed specifically in these activated ensembles is not known; knowledge of such transcriptional profiles may offer insights into the molecular program underlying stable memory formation. Here we use RNA-Seq to identify genes whose expression is enriched in activated cortical ensembles labeled during associative fear learning.

Management of hyperthyroid patients in dental emergencies: a case report.

The prevalence of thyroid disease, particularly hyperthyroidism, has rapidly increased in Korea in the past 10 years. Therefore, it is important to consider the complete medical history including thyroid disease in patients under dental treatment. Both the drugs used for dental treatment and psychological symptoms associated with treatment can induce emergencies in hyperthyroid patients.

Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery for painless anesthesia: a literature review.

Local anesthesia is administered to reduce pain during dental treatments, but may itself cause pain and contribute to increased dental fear. Computer-controlled local anesthetic delivery (CCLAD) is one the method to reduce patient pain during local anesthesia; it is a device that slowly administers anesthetics by using a computerized device to control the injection speed. This literature review aims to provide an objective assessment of the usefulness of CCLAD for controlling pain by reviewing papers published to date that have used CCLAD.

Activity-dependent structural plasticity after aversive experiences in amygdala and auditory cortex pyramidal neurons.

The brain is highly plastic and undergoes changes in response to many experiences. Learning especially can induce structural remodeling of dendritic spines, which is thought to relate to memory formation. Classical Pavlovian fear conditioning (FC) traditionally pairs an auditory cue with an aversive footshock, and has been widely used to study neural processes underlying associative learning and memory.

The pattern of glomerular map formation defines responsiveness to aversive odorants in mice.

In many species, the detection and recognition of odors is critical to regulate behaviors that are essential for survival, such as foraging for food and avoidance of predators. The formation of complex stereotypic connections between olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) and second-order neurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) is believed to be important for accurate odorant information processing. In mice, ablation of OSNs that innervate the dorsal region of the OB leads to a loss of avoidance behavior in response to aversive and predator odorants (Kobayakawa et al.

Robo1 regulates semaphorin signaling to guide the migration of cortical interneurons through the ventral forebrain.

Cortical interneurons, generated predominantly in the medial ganglionic eminence, migrate around and avoid the developing striatum in the subpallium en route to the cortex. This is attributable to the chemorepulsive cues of class 3 semaphorins expressed in the striatal mantle and acting through neuropilin (Nrp1 and Nrp2) receptors expressed in these cells. Cortical interneurons also express Robo receptors, and we show here that in mice lacking Robo1, but not Robo2, these cells migrate aberrantly through the striatum.

Relaxin is up-regulated in the rat ovary by orthodontic tooth movement.

Relaxin (Rln) is an ovarian hormone that stimulates osteoclastic and osteoblastic activities and connective tissue turnover. To investigate the expression of Rln during orthodontic tooth movement, rats were implanted with orthodontic appliances that connected a spring from the upper incisors to the first molar with a 70 cN force. Rats in each group were killed 6, 48, and 144 h after activating the appliance, and the levels of Rln1 and Rln3 expression in the ovary were determined by real-time RT-PCR, northern blots, western blots, and immunofluorescence analyses.

Robo-2 controls the segregation of a portion of basal vomeronasal sensory neuron axons to the posterior region of the accessory olfactory bulb.

The ability of sensory systems to detect and process information from the environment relies on the elaboration of precise connections between sensory neurons in the periphery and second order neurons in the CNS. In mice, the accessory olfactory system is thought to regulate a wide variety of social and sexual behaviors. The expression of the Slit receptors Robo-1 and Robo-2 in vomeronasal sensory neurons (VSNs) suggests they may direct the stereotypic targeting of their axons to the accessory olfactory bulb (AOB).

Nitric oxide modulates osteoblastic differentiation with heme oxygenase-1 via the mitogen activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways in human periodontal ligament cells.

Nitric oxide (NO) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) play important roles in the regulation of stem cell proliferation and differentiation. However, it has not been examined whether human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells can differentiate into osteoblast-like cells by NO activity mediated via HO-1. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of NO on proliferation and differentiation in human PDL cells, and to identify the underlying mechanism of its actions.

Effects of substance P on osteoblastic differentiation and heme oxygenase-1 in human periodontal ligament cells.

Although substance P (SP) is associated with osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption, little is known about the osteogenic differentiation-inducing effects of SP in periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. This study investigated whether PDL cells could differentiate into osteoblastic-like cells by SP. The expression of osteoblastic differentiation markers such as osteopontin (OPN), osteonectin (ON), osteocalcin (OCN) and bone sialoprotein (BSP) were evaulated by Western blotting.

Axon guidance events in the wiring of the mammalian olfactory system.

The detection of odorant signals from the environment and the generation of appropriate behavioral outputs in response to these signals rely on the olfactory system. Olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) of the olfactory epithelium are located in the nasal cavity and project axons that synapse onto dendrites of second-order neurons in the olfactory bulb (OB) that in turn relay the information gathered to higher order regions of the brain. The connections formed are remarkably accurate such that axons of OSNs expressing the same olfactory receptor innervate specific glomeruli within the complex three-dimensional structure that represents the OB.

Requirement for Slit-1 and Robo-2 in zonal segregation of olfactory sensory neuron axons in the main olfactory bulb.

The formation of precise stereotypic connections in sensory systems is critical for the ability to detect and process signals from the environment. In the olfactory system, olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) project axons to spatially defined glomeruli within the olfactory bulb (OB). A spatial relationship exists between the location of OSNs within the olfactory epithelium (OE) and their glomerular targets along the dorsoventral axis in the OB.

Spin chirality on a two-dimensional frustrated lattice.

The collective behaviour of interacting magnetic moments can be strongly influenced by the topology of the underlying lattice. In geometrically frustrated spin systems, interesting chiral correlations may develop that are related to the spin arrangement on triangular plaquettes. We report a study of the spin chirality on a two-dimensional geometrically frustrated lattice.